Unit 3.2

Question 1

Mucosa

Answer 1

areas of high pathogenic assault that must allow tolerance for food, beneficial microbiota, & self-antigens

Question 2

Inflammation in the Mucosa

Answer 2

associated with disease; prevent systemic inflammation to spare damage to self

Question 3

Roles of Macrophages in Mucosa

Answer 3

intestinal macrophages eliminate pathogens w/o creating a state of inflammation; not professional APCs, express MHC II but no CD80/86 which leads to anergy

Question 4

Roles of Epithelial cells in Mucosa

Answer 4

epithelial cells in GI tract contribute to innate immune responses through expressing TLRs

Question 5

Microbiome Benefits

Answer 5

Alter local environment to prevent pathogenic growth, alter the function of lymphocytes through their metabolites, including inflammation, trigger development of secondary lymphoid tissues, digest plant fibers, inactivate toxins, secrete nutrients such as vitamin K & other cytokines that influence the host

Question 6

Dysbiosis

Answer 6

dysregulation of normal function; associated with diseases

Question 7

Gut Brain Axis

Answer 7

cross talk between gut microbiota & brain