Unit 3.4 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Sensitization Exposure
primary response the generates immunological memory through antibody production
IL4
secreted by TH2 cells; instruct B cells to produce soluble IgE
Basophils
help induce TH2 response by secreting IL4 & expressing CD40-L to assist in activating B cells
IgE levels
typically retained in the tissues, low blood level (IL4 leads to production of IgE)
FCERI
high affinity receptor on basophils & mast cells; causing production/degranulation/ release of histamine, heparin, proteases
FCERII
low affinity; regulates the production of IgE by B cells
Histamine
vascular & respiratory
Prostaglandins
respiratory
Leukotrines
respiratory; bronchial spasms
Effects of Allergies (Type 1 Allergies)
atopic dermatitis, urticaria (hives), rhinitis, dyspnea, asthma, anaphylaxis, & wheal/flare
Systemic Anaphylaxis
enters circulation quickly, can be fatal in minutes due to asphyxiation & hypotension
Treatment Anaphylaxis
epinephrine
Allergy Management
skin tests (allergens injected to show mast cell degranulation), avoidance, hyposensitization/desensitization (IgG outcompetes IgE)
First Generation Receptors
can cross the blood brain barrier
Second/Third Generation
do not cross the BBB, less CNS depression
Sympathetic Agonists
cause bronchodilation, increase BP, & prevent further mast cell degraulation
Type 2 Hypersensitivity
IgG/IgM antibody mediated (bound to cells); ABO system, Rh system
Type 3 Hypersensitivity
immune complexes of IgG/IgM and free antigens (no cells involved)
Serum Sickness
systematic injury
Arthrus Reaction
local acute reactions (joints)
Type 4 Hypersensitivity
delayed, antibody independent initiated by T cells
Sensitization Phase
initial exposure triggers production of a T cell response
Effector Phase
second antigen exposure causes inflammatory cytokine release
