unit 4

Question 1

diffusion

Answer 1

the general movement of molecules from HIGH to LOW concentration

Question 2

osmosis

Answer 2

the diffusion of water

Question 3

facilitated diffusion

Answer 3

diffusion of molecules through a transport protein

Question 4

what goes through facilitated diffusion

Answer 4

glucose and amino acids

Question 5

hypo

Answer 5

below

Question 6

iso

Answer 6

same

Question 7

hyper

Answer 7

above

Question 8

what happens to a hypotonic solution in an animal cell

Answer 8

cytolysis

Question 9

what happens to a hypotonic solution in a plant cell

Answer 9

turgor

Question 10

what happens to a isotonic solution in an animal cell

Answer 10

stays same

Question 11

what happens to an isotonic solution in a plant cell

Answer 11

stays same

Question 12

what happens to a hypertonic solution in an animal cell

Answer 12

shrinks

Question 13

what happens to a hypertonic solution in a plant cell

Answer 13

plasmolysis

Question 14

passive transport

Answer 14

the cell uses NO energy to move particles across the membrane. the movement of the molecules is from an area of HIGH concentration to LOW concentration

Question 15

hypotonic

Answer 15

the concentration of dissolved substances outside of the cell is LOWER than inside the cell

Question 16

isotonic

Answer 16

the concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell is EQUAL to the inside of the cell

Question 17

hypertonic

Answer 17

the concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell is HIGHER than the inside of the cell

Question 18

concentration gradient

Answer 18

the UNEQUAL distribution of solutes

Question 19

osmotic pressure

Answer 19

the water pressure in cells

Question 20

turgor pressure

Answer 20

the water pressure in plant cells

Question 21

plasmolysis

Answer 21

the process where the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall due to water loss

Question 22

cytolysis

Answer 22

the rupturing of the animal cell as a result of too much water going into the cell

Question 23

solutes

Answer 23

dissolved particles in a solvent

Question 24

turgid

Answer 24

plant cell VERY full with water

Question 25

flaccid

Answer 25

plant cell w very little water exhibiting plasmolysis

Question 26

active transport

Answer 26

the cell uses ENERGY to move particles across the membrane. the movement of the molecules is from LOW to HIGH against the gradient

Question 27

exocytosis

Answer 27

the process by which materials are excreted OUT of the cell

Question 28

endocytosis

Answer 28

the process by which materials are engulfed into the cell

Question 29

pinocytosis

Answer 29

“cell drinking”

engulfs already dissolved food

Question 30

phagocytosis

Answer 30

“cell eating”

engulfs whole particles

Question 31

synapse

Answer 31

the small junction across which a nerve impulse passes from one nerve cell to another

Question 32

neurotransmitters

Answer 32

chemicals released by neurons to communicate to each other or to muscles