Unit 4 Cell Biology pt. 2

Question 1

What 3 processes must a cell carry on?

Answer 1

1) Nutrition (Eat)
2) Respiration (Breathe)
3) Excretion (Pee)

Question 2

What is Brownian Motion?

Answer 2

All molecules are constantly moving

Question 3

What is Diffusion?

Answer 3

The process by which molecules of a substance move from areas of higher concentration to lower

Question 4

What is Concentration Gradient?

Answer 4

The difference in concentration of molecules of a substance from a highest to lowest number

Question 5

What 3 things is the rate of diffusion effected by?

Answer 5

1) Temperature
2) Pressure
3) Concentration Gradient

Question 6

Why do membranes control the passage of material into an out of the cell?

Answer 6

They are Selectively Permeable

Question 7

What is the fluid mosaic model?

Answer 7

Structure of the Membrane (Phospholipid Bi-layer)

Question 8

Oxygen and carbon dioxide dissolve in ______.

Answer 8

Lipids

They can pass through the cell membrane

Question 9

Water cannot get through the membrane except at openings formed by _____.

Answer 9

Proteins

Question 10

The diffusion of WATER through a membrane is called ______.

Answer 10

Osmosis

Question 11

What percentage of the cell does water make up?

Answer 11

70%

Question 12

What does iso mean?

Answer 12

Equal

Question 13

What does hyper mean?

Answer 13

A lot/over

Question 14

What does hypo mean?

Answer 14

Low/under

Question 15

What is an example of an isotonic solution?

Answer 15

Blood cells in plasma

Question 16

What is an example of a hypotonic solution?

Answer 16

Fish in lakes

Question 17

What is turgor pressure?

Answer 17

When pressure builds in a plant cell because of osmosis

Question 18

What is an example of a hypertonic solution?

Answer 18

Saltwater

Question 19

What kind of carrier transport doesn’t need energy?

Answer 19

Facilitated transport

Question 20

What kind of carrier transport needs energy?

Answer 20

Active transport

Question 21

What is endocytosis?

Answer 21

Bulk transport INTO the cell

Question 22

What is exocytosis?

Answer 22

Bulk transport OUT OF the cell

Question 23

What are examples of endocytosis?

Answer 23

Eating and Drinking

Question 24

What does endo mean?

Answer 24

Into

Question 25

What does cyto mean?

Answer 25

Cell

Question 26

What does exo mean?

Answer 26

Out

Question 27

What does phago mean?

Answer 27

Eat

Question 28

What does pino mean?

Answer 28

Drink

Question 29

What are the 2 laws of Thermodynamics?

Answer 29

``` #1: Energy cannot be created nor destroyed #2: Energy cannot be converted w/o the loss of energy ```

Question 30

Where does all energy come from?

Answer 30

The sun

Question 31

What is an example of a Catabolic reaction?

Answer 31

Respiration

Question 32

What is an example of an Anabolic Reaction?

Answer 32

Photosynthesis

Question 33

What is the most important biological molecule of energy?

Answer 33

ATP

Question 34

What are the raw (beginning) materials of photosynthesis? (2)

Answer 34

1) CO2 | 2) H2O

Question 35

What are the end products of photosynthesis?

Answer 35

1) C6H12O6 | 2) O2

Question 36

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 36

H2O + CO2 -> C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O

Question 37

What does energy come in packets of?

Answer 37

Photons

Question 38

What color do plants NOT absorb?

Answer 38

Green

Question 39

What are substances that absorb light called?

Answer 39

Pigments

Question 40

What acts like a light trap during photosynthesis?

Answer 40

Chlorophyll

Question 41

What are the 3 types of plant pigments?

Answer 41

1) Chlorophyll 2) Carotenes (Orange) 3) Xanthopylls (Yellow)

Question 42

What are the 2 parts of the chloroplast?

Answer 42

1) Grana | 2) Stroma

Question 43

What are the 2 phases of photosynthesis?

Answer 43

1) Light Reactions | 2) Dark Reactions

Question 44

What is the change of gasses between organisms?

Answer 44

Breathing

Question 45

The breaking of chemical bonds of organic food molecules and releasing energy that can be used is called ______.

Answer 45

Respiration

Question 46

What is glycosis?

Answer 46

The breaking down of glucose

Question 47

Glycosis takes place in the_______.

Answer 47

Cytoplasm

Question 48

Both glycosis and fermentation are ______.

Answer 48

Anerobic

Question 49

How many ATP's are made in the mitochondria?

Answer 49

36

Question 50

Where does respiration happen?

Answer 50

All living cells

Question 51

When does respiration happen?

Answer 51

All the time

Question 52

What goes into respiration?

Answer 52

Sugar (Glucose)

Question 53

What comes out of respiration?

Answer 53

ATP (Energy)

Question 54

What kind of chemical reaction is respiration?

Answer 54

Catabolic

Question 55

Where does Photosynthesis happen?

Answer 55

Chloroplasts

Question 56

When does Photosynthesis happen?

Answer 56

When light is present

Question 57

What goes into photosynthesis?

Answer 57

CO2 and H2O

Question 58

What comes out of photosynthesis?

Answer 58

Sugar

Question 59

What is the energy result of photosynthesis?

Answer 59

Stored energy in sugar

Question 60

What type of chemical reaction is photosynthesis?

Answer 60

Anobolic