Unit 4 - Chapter 13, Eye

Question 1

Function of the eye

Answer 1

Sensory receptors for vision

Question 2

What four mechanisms does vision require proper functioning of?

Answer 2

1-Coordination of external eye muscle, so both move together
2-Correct amount of light admitted by the pupil
3-Correct focus of light on retina by the lens
4-Optic nerve transmitting sensory information to the brain

Question 3

Three layers of the eyeball

Answer 3

Sclera, choroid, retina

Question 4

Outer most layer of eyeball, white of eye

Answer 4

Sclera

Question 5

Main part of sclera and it’s function

Answer 5

Cornea is anterior portion of sclera, it bends light rays

Question 6

Middle layer of eyeball, opaque

Answer 6

Choroid

Question 7

Four parts of choroid and functions

Answer 7

1- Iris, colored portion of smooth muscle
2- ciliary body, ring of smooth muscle behind Iris
3- lens, located in center of ciliary body, attached with suspensory ligament
4- pupil, opening in center of iris, lets light rays in

Question 8

Two types of humor in the eye

Answer 8

1 – aqueous humor, watery fluid between cornea and lens. 2 – vitreous humor, semi solid gel between lens and retina.

Question 9

Two functional units of the retina

Answer 9

Cones – active and bright light, color vision
Rods – active in dim light, gray vision

Question 10

Where on the retina does an image fall when looking directly at something?

Answer 10

Macula lutea

Question 11

Center of macula lutea, clearest point of vision due to highest concentration of sensory cells

Answer 11

Fovea centralis

Question 12

Point on retina where retinal blood vessels enter and exit eyeball, where optic nerve leaves eyeball, Blindspot

Answer 12

Optic disc

Question 13

Muscles of the eye

Answer 13

4 rectus muscles that move the eyeball up and down, and 2 oblique muscles that move the eyeball on the diagonal

Question 14

Function of the conjunctiva

Answer 14

Seal eyeball in socket

Question 15

Lacrimal gland location and function

Answer 15

Located outer upper corner of each eye lid, produces tears

Question 16

Lacrimal canal location and function

Answer 16

Located at inner corner of eye sockets, collect tears and drain into nasolacrimal duct

Question 17

Function of tears

Answer 17

Wash and lubricate anterior surface of eyeball

Question 18

Combining form for gland

Answer 18

Aden/o

Question 19

Combining form for dull/dim

Answer 19

Ambly/o

Question 20

Combining form for vessel

Answer 20

Angi/o

Question 21

Combining form for eyelid

Answer 21

Blephar/o

Question 22

Combining form for ciliary body

Answer 22

Cycl/o

Question 23

Two combining forms for tears

Answer 23

Dacry/o, lacrim/o

Question 24

Combining form for correct/proper

Answer 24

Emmetr/o

Question 25

Combining form for sensation/feeling

Answer 25

Esthesi/o

Question 26

Combining form for Gray

Answer 26

Glauc/o

Question 27

Two combining forms for Iris

Answer 27

Ir/o, irid/o

Question 28

Combining form for cornea

Answer 28

Kerat/o

Question 29

Combining form for macula lutea

Answer 29

Macul/o

Question 30

Combining form for lessening

Answer 30

Mi/o

Question 31

Combining form for widening

Answer 31

Mydr/i

Question 32

Combining form for night

Answer 32

Nyctal/o

Question 33

Combining form for optic disk

Answer 33

Papill/o

Question 34

Combining form for lens

Answer 34

Phac/o

Question 35

Combining form for light

Answer 35

Phot/o

Question 36

Combining form for point

Answer 36

Stigmat/o

Question 37

Combining form for choroid

Answer 37

Uve/o

Question 38

Combining form for glassy

Answer 38

Vitre/o

Question 39

Combining form for dry

Answer 39

Xer/o

Question 40

Two suffixes meaning vision condition

Answer 40

-opia or -opsia

Question 41

Suffix meaning turned condition

Answer 41

-tropia

Question 42

Prefix meaning to shut

Answer 42

Myo-

Question 43

Adjective form of iris

Answer 43

Iridal

Question 44

Four adjective forms of pertaining to the eye

Answer 44

Ocular, optic, optical, ophthalmic

Question 45

Pertaining to choroid layer of eye

Answer 45

Uveal

Question 46

Branch of medicine involving diagnosis, and treatment of conditions and diseases of the eye and surrounding structures

Answer 46

Ophthalmology

Question 47

Medical profession specializing in examining the eyes/vision/prescribing corrective lenses

Answer 47

Optometry

Question 48

Drooping eyelid

Answer 48

Blepharoptosis

Question 49

Paralysis of ciliary body that change the shape of the lens, making it difficult to bring images into focus

Answer 49

Cycloplegia

Question 50

Condition of seeing double

Answer 50

Diplopia

Question 51

State of normal vision

Answer 51

Emmetropia

Question 52

Paralysis of iris

Answer 52

Iridoplegia

Question 53

Difficulty seeing in dim light a.k.a. night blind

Answer 53

Nyctalopia

Question 54

Eye pain

Answer 54

Ophthalmalgia

Question 55

Paralysis of one or more of the extraocular muscles

Answer 55

Ophthalmoplegia

Question 56

Bleeding from the eye

Answer 56

Ophthalmorrhagia

Question 57

Swelling of the optic disc, a.k.a. choked disk

Answer 57

Papilledema

Question 58

Strong sensitivity to bright light

Answer 58

Photophobia

Question 59

Expected changes and vision due to normal aging process

Answer 59

Presbyopia

Question 60

Softening of the Sclera

Answer 60

Scleromalacia

Question 61

Condition of dry eyes

Answer 61

Xerophthalmia

Question 62

Complete color blindness

Answer 62

Achromatopsia

Question 63

Loss of vision, not as a result of eye pathology

Answer 63

Amblyopia

Question 64

Condition where light rays are focused unevenly on the retina/no sharp point of focus, causing distorted image due to abnormal curvature of the cornea

Answer 64

Astigmatism

Question 65

Development of opaque or cloudy lens

Answer 65

Cataract

Question 66

Increase in extra ocular pressure, left untreated, may result in atrophy of optic nerve and blindness

Answer 66

Glaucoma

Question 67

Hyperopia

Answer 67

Farsightedness

Question 68

Myopia

Answer 68

 Nearsightedness

Question 69

Inflammation of the cornea

Answer 69

Keratitis

Question 70

Unable to perceive one color

Answer 70

Monochromatism

Question 71

Fungus infection of the eye

Answer 71

Oculomycosis

Question 72

Inflammation of choroid layer

Answer 72

Uveitis

Question 73

Hypertrophied conjunctival tissue in inner corner of the eye

Answer 73

Pterygium

Question 74

Inflammation of the eyelid

Answer 74

Blepharitis

Question 75

Stye; small purulent inflammatory infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid

Answer 75

Hordeolum

Question 76

Inflammation of the lacrimal GLAND

Answer 76

Dacryoadenitis

Question 77

Inflammation of the lacrimal sac

Answer 77

Dacryocystitis

Question 78

Jerky appearing involuntary movements

Answer 78

Nystagmus

Question 79

Loss of vision and half of visual field

Answer 79

Hemianopia