Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AP Psychology > Unit 4 - Developmental Psychology > Flashcards

Unit 4 - Developmental Psychology Flashcards

(62 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Developmental Psychology

A

The study of how people continually develop physically, cognitively, and socially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Continuity (issue)

A

Is development a continuous process or does it happen in stages?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nature vs. Nurture (issue)

A

How do genetics and the environment shape/influence development?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Stability (issue)

A

Are personality traits changeable over time?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Zygotes

A

A fertilized egg cell that enters a 2 week period of rapid cell division, becomes an Embryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Embryo

A

A developing human person from 2 weeks to 8 weeks after fertilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fetus

A

A developing human person from 9 weeks to birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Teratogens

A

Harmful substances such as chemicals, viruses, and drugs that damage an embryo or fetus during prenatal development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fetal Alchohol Syndrome (FAS)

A

Physical and Cognitive abnormalities caused by a pregnant woman’s heavy drinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rooting reflex

A

A reflex in babies that automatically turns the face towards a stimulus and causes sucking/rooting motions with the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Habituation

A

An infant’s decreased response to a repeated stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Maturation

A

Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cognition

A

Mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Schemas

A

A concept used to organize and interpret information or experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Assimilate (part of schema’s function)

A

Interpreting new experiences in terms of existing schemas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Accommodate (part of schema’s function)

A

Adjusting schemas to incorporate new information or experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sensorimotor Stage

A

Experiencing the world through senses and actions

From ages 0-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pre-operational Stage

A

The stage during which a child learns to use language and how to represent objects with words and images, but doesn’t’ use logical reasoning
From ages 2-7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Concrete Operational Stage

A

The stage of cognitive development during which children gain mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete concepts/events
From ages 7-11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Formal Operational Stage

A

The stage of cognitive development during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts
From ages 12-death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Object Permanence

A

The awareness of an object’s existence when it isn’t perceived
Develops in Sensorimotor Stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Conservation

A

The principle that properties like mass, volume and quantity remain the same despite changes in form
Develops in Pre-operational Stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Symbolic thinking

A

A type of thinking in which symbols or internal images are used to represent object, people, and events
Develops in Pre-operational Stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Egocentrism

A

The inability to differentiate between other people’s points of view
Develops in Pre-operational Stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Theory of Mind
The ability to infer/form ideas about mental states of other people and yourself Develops in Pre-operational Stage
26
Stranger Anxiety
The ability to evaluate people as unfamiliar and possibly threatening
27
Attachment
An emotional bond between two people
28
Critical Period
A period after birth when exposure to certain events creates proper development
29
Imprinting
The process by which animals from attachments during a critical period very early in life, doesn't apply to people
30
Secure Attachment
Attachment style in which infants are able to explore new environments comfortably, are upset when their caregiver leaves, and happy when their caregiver returns
31
Insecure Attachment
Attachment style in which infants don't explore very much in new environments, and show little emotion when their caregiver leaves or returns
32
Temperament
A person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity
33
Basic Trust
A sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy
34
Self-Concept
An understanding and assessment of self
35
Authoritarian parenting style
Imposing rules and expecting obediance
36
Permissive parenting style
Submitting to children's desires
37
Authoritative parenting style
Both demanding and responsive to their children
38
Adolescence
The transition period from childhood to adulthood
39
Puberty
The time when people develop sexually
40
Primary sex characteristics
Body structures that make sexual reproduction possible
41
Secondary sex characteristics
Non-reproductive sexual characteristics
42
Pre-conventional morality
A focus on self interest, and obeying rules to avoid punishment or gain concrete awards Seen in little kids
43
Conventional morality
Caring for others and upholding laws and social rules | Seen in adolescents
44
Post-conventional morality
Using abstract reasoning, and judging actions as right because they flow from people's self-defined basic ethical principles Seen in young adults and onwards
45
Identity
The sense of self
46
Social Identity
The aspect of self concept that focuses on social memberships in groups
47
Trust vs Mistrust (stage of development)
If needs are met, infants develop a sense of basic trust Erikson's 1st stage of development Ages 0-1
48
Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt
Children are focused on developing a greater sense of self-control and learn to exercise their will Erikson's 2nd stage of development Ages 1-3
49
Initiative vs Guilt
Children learn to initiate tasks and assert their power and control through social interaction Erikson's 3rd stage of development Ages 3-6
50
Industry vs Inferiority
Children develop a sense of competence and pride in their abilities by applying themselves to tasks, and forming a strong self-concept Erikson's 4th stage of development Ages 6-puberty
51
Identity vs Role Confusion
Teenagers work at refining a sense of self by exploring who they are as individuals through testing roles and integrating them to form a single identity Erikson's 5th stage of development Ages teens-20's
52
Intimacy vs Isolation
Young adults face challenges of forming close relationships with others and gaining the capacity for intimate love Erikson's 6th stage of development Ages 20's - 40's
53
Generativity vs Self-Absorption
People discover a sense of contributing to the world Erikson's 7th stage of development Ages 40's - 60's
54
Integrity vs Despair
Reflecting on life, people may feel happy or regretful Erikson's 8th stage of development Ages 60's - death
55
Intimacy
The ability to form close, loving relationships
56
Emerging Adulthood
A transitional period between adolescent dependance and full independence and responsible adulthood
57
Menopause
The time of natural cessation (ending) of menstruation, also refers to biological changes a woman experiences as the ability to reproduce declines
58
Cross-sectional studies
A study in which people of different ages are compared with each other
59
Longitudinal studies
A research in which the same people are restudied and retested over time
60
Crystallized intelligence
Accumulated knowledge and verbal skills, increases with age
61
Fluid intelligence
The ability to reason quickly and abstractly
62
Social Clock
The culturally preferred timing of social events suck as marriage, parenthood, and retirement

AP Psychology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions