Unit 7 - personality

Question 1

personality

Answer 1

An individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

Question 2

Free Association

Answer 2

A method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says anything that comes to their mind

Question 3

Psychoanalysis

Answer 3

Sigmund Freud’s theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts

Question 4

Conscious

Answer 4

Awareness

Question 5

Preconscious

Answer 5

In between conscious and unconscious, a place where unconscious thoughts can be retrieved into conscious awareness

Question 6

Unconscious

Answer 6

A reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and memories

Question 7

Id

Answer 7

A reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives

Question 8

Pleasure principle

Answer 8

Immediate gratification

Question 9

Ego

Answer 9

a conscious part of personality that mediates demands of the id, superego, , and reality

Question 10

Reality principle

Answer 10

Realistic, long term gratification

Question 11

Superego

Answer 11

The part of personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards

Question 12

Psychosexual stages

Answer 12

Childhood stages of development in which the id’s pleasure seeking energies focus on erogenous zones

Question 13

Fixate

Answer 13

A lingering focus on earlier psychosexual stages in which there was conflict that wasn’t resolved

Question 14

Defense Mechanisms

Answer 14

protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

Question 15

Collective unconscious

Answer 15

A shared, inherited reservoir of memory collected from our species’ universal experiences

Question 16

Projective tests

Answer 16

A personality test that has interpretive stimuli designed to reveal inner dynamics

Question 17

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Answer 17

A projective test where people make stories about a stimulus

Question 18

Rorschach Inkblot Test

Answer 18

Widely used projective test where people find images in blots of ink

Question 19

False consensus effect

Answer 19

The tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors

Question 20

Terror Management Theory

Answer 20

One source of anxiety is the terror resulting from our awareness of vulnerability and death

Question 21

Humanism

Answer 21

People strive for self determination and self realization

Question 22

Self Actualization

Answer 22

The motivation to fulfill one’s potential

Question 23

Genuineness

Answer 23

Being open with their own feelings, transparent, self disclosing

Question 24

Acceptance

Answer 24

An attitude of value despite failures

Question 25

Unconditional Positive regard

Answer 25

Attitude of total acceptance towards someone else

Question 26

Empathy

Answer 26

Sharing and reflecting feelings and meanings

Question 27

Self concept

Answer 27

A collection of beliefs about oneself

Question 28

Traits

Answer 28

A characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act

Question 29

Personality inventories

Answer 29

A questionnaire on which people respond to items designed to test a wide range of feelings/behaviors

Question 30

Minnesota Multiphastic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

Answer 30

A widely used personality test that uses scales to assess things like depressive tendencies, work attitudes, anger, etc

Question 31

Social - Cognitive perspective

Answer 31

Behavior is influenced by the interaction between people's traits and their situations/social context

Question 32

Reciprocal Determinism

Answer 32

The interacting influences between behavior, environment, and internal cognition

Question 33

Personal control

Answer 33

The extent to which people view their control over the environment

Question 34

Internal locus of control

Answer 34

The perception that you control your own fate

Question 35

External locus of control

Answer 35

The perception that you don't control your own fate

Question 36

Learned helplessness

Answer 36

The hopelessness and passive resignation someone learns when repeatedly faced with traumatic evens they have no control over

Question 37

Self

Answer 37

The center of our personality

Question 38

Spotlight effect

Answer 38

Overestimating how much others notice and evaluate our appearance, performance, and mistakes

Question 39

Self - esteem

Answer 39

One's feelings of self worth

Question 40

Self - efficacy

Answer 40

One's belief in their ability to do something

Question 41

Self serving bias

Answer 41

Our readiness to percieve ourselves favorably

Question 42

Narcissism

Answer 42

When a person has an inflated sense of self importance