Unit 4A- Social Psychology Flashcards

Question

What is Implicit Prejudice?

Answer 1

Unconscious negative attitudes toward a group.

Answer 2

Conscious and openly expressed negative attitudes toward a group.

Answer 3

The belief that people get what they deserve, so the world seems fair.

Answer 4

Thinking that members of a group you don’t belong to are all the same.

Answer 5

Favoring people in your own group over others.

Answer 6

Blaming someone else (usually a weaker group) for your problems to reduce your frustration.

Answer 7

Using information that comes to mind easily to make judgments, even if it's not accurate.

Answer 8

Believing that your culture or group is better than others.

Answer 9

Feelings and beliefs that influence how we act toward things, people, or situations.

Answer 10

Getting someone to agree to a small request first, which makes them more likely to agree to a bigger one later.

Answer 11

Asking for something big (likely to be rejected) and then requesting something smaller, which seems more reasonable.

Answer 12

The discomfort we feel when our actions don’t match our beliefs, leading us to change one to reduce the conflict.

Answer 13

The process of trying to change someone’s attitudes, beliefs, or actions.

Answer 14

A theory explaining how people are persuaded either through deep thought or superficial cues.

Answer 15

Persuasion based on surface-level cues, like attractiveness or a catchy slogan, rather than facts.

Answer 16

Persuasion that focuses on logical arguments and evidence to convince someone.

Answer 17

the unwritten rules and expectations about how people should behave within a particular group or society

Answer 18

a set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave

Answer 19

Likening it to chameleon lizards’ ability to mimic the color of their surroundings- the unconscious tendency for individuals to mimic the behaviors, mannerisms, and facial expressions of people they are interacting with

Answer 20

the tendency for an individual to adjust their behavior, opinions, or beliefs to align with the norms of a group they are part of

Answer 21

a famous study conducted by Solomon Asch that investigated the concept of conformity, where participants were likely to give an incorrect answer to a question if the majority of the group also gave that answer, even if they knew it was wrong, demonstrating the power of social influence on individual behavior

Answer 22

the idea that people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are significantly impacted by the presence and actions of others around them, leading individuals to conform to social norms, obey authority figures, and adjust their behavior based on group dynamics

Answer 23

influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval.

Answer 24

influence resulting from a person’s willingness to accept others’ opinions about reality.

Answer 25

a form of social influence where an individual complies with direct orders or instructions from a perceived authority figure

Answer 26

a famous psychological study conducted by Stanley Milgram that investigated the extent to which people would obey an authority figure, even if it meant performing actions that conflicted with their personal conscience

Answer 27

the phenomenon where an individual performs better on a task when they are in the presence of others compared to when they are alone

Answer 28

the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable

Answer 29

the psychological phenomenon where an individual loses their sense of self-awareness and personal responsibility when part of a large group, often leading to behaviors they might not engage in alone, due to the anonymity provided by the group dynamic

Answer 30

a psychological study that examined how people behave when given power or authority

Answer 31

the enhancement of a group’s prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group.

Answer 32

a phenomenon where a group prioritizes harmony and consensus over critical evaluation of information, leading to poor decision-making by suppressing dissenting opinions and potentially overlooking important details

Answer 33

a society where the needs and goals of the individual are prioritized over the needs of the group, emphasizing personal independence, self-reliance, and achieving personal goals rather than prioritizing the collective good

Answer 34

a society where the needs and well-being of the group are prioritized over the individual

Answer 35

which places value on cultural and ethnic groups’ maintenance of their unique identities, beliefs, and practices.

Answer 36

"tight cultures" have strong social norms with low tolerance for deviant behavior, while "loose cultures" have weaker norms and a higher tolerance for people acting differently from the expected behavior

Answer 37

the principle that frustration — the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal — creates anger, which can generate aggression.

Answer 38

a culturally modeled guide for how to act in various situations.

Answer 39

the tendency for repeated exposure to novel stimuli to increase our liking of them.

Answer 40

a cognitive bias where a positive impression of one aspect of a person leads to an overall positive perception of them, causing individuals to assume other positive traits even without concrete evidence

Answer 41

a selfless act where someone performs a behavior that benefits another person, even if it means incurring a personal cost to themselves

Answer 42

the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present.

Answer 43

the phenomenon where individuals feel less personal responsibility to act in a situation when they are part of a group, assuming that someone else will take action instead, which often leads to inaction, particularly in emergencies where help is needed

Answer 44

refers to social psychologists John Darley and Bibb Latane, who are famous for their research on the "bystander effect

Answer 45

a situation where individuals or groups take actions that provide immediate benefits but ultimately lead to negative consequences for the group as a whole

Answer 46

an expectation that people will help those needing their help.

Answer 47

an expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them.

Answer 48

shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation.

Answer 49

in the presence of others, improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks, and worsened performance on difficult tasks

Answer 50

the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors. People who cheat on their assignments or shoplift petty items “for thrills” tend to think many others do the same.

Answer 51

who apply psychology’s principles in the workplace, might use such techniques to improve relationships among people working together or for a common company or program.

Answer 52

a famous social psychology experiment conducted by Muzafer Sherif that demonstrated how intergroup conflict can arise when groups compete for limited resources

Unit 4A- Social Psychology Flashcards

(76 cards)