UNIT 5 CHAP 15

Question 1

PTSD

Answer 1

marked emotional disturbance after experiencing or witnessing a severely stressful event
-types of symptoms:
re-experiencing (flashback, trigger in environment)
avoidance (avoid situation, or emotions)
hyperarousal (extreme state of stress)

Question 2

Mood disorders

Answer 2

major depression
chronic depressive disorder
seasonal affective disorder
bipolar disorders

Question 3

major depression

Answer 3

symptoms include changes in sleep, random outbursts, anger and sadness
- suicidal ideation: frequent thoughts about death or suicide
- intense dispair
-loss of interest
- change in eating
- difficulty concentrating

Question 4

chronic depressive disorder

Answer 4

less severe, long-lasting depression
- at least 2 years
- can have major depression and chronic depression at same time
-sub level functioning
-ex) donkey from Winnie the Pooh

Question 5

seasonal affective disorder

Answer 5

seasonal related severe depression
- intense hunger
-gain weight in winter
- sleep more than usual
- depressed more in evening and morning
-amount of light dec, depression inc

Question 6

bipolar disorder I

Answer 6

mania with or without severe depression
-manic episodes last longer than 6 days or are severe enough to require hospitalization
-symptoms: elation, euphoria, desire for action, hyperactive

Question 7

bipolar disorder II

Answer 7

hypomania and severe depression

Question 8

cyclothymia

Answer 8

hypomania and minor depression

Question 9

functional neurological disorder (somatic symptom disorder)

Answer 9

physical symptoms with no physical explanation
ex) difficulty walking, no clear indicator to what it is
-one location

Question 10

somatization disorder (somatic)

Answer 10

repeated, varying symptoms with no physical cause, often of many years duration
-multiple locations

Question 11

illness anxiety disorder (somatic)

Answer 11

preoccupation that one has a serious undiagnosed disease
ex) indigestion from food vs cancer

Question 12

psychogenic amnesia (dissociative)

Answer 12

-total or partial loss of information about the self
- usually triggered by a traumatic experience
-loose memories or self

Question 13

depersonalization disorder (dissociative)

Answer 13

feelings of unreality
-mind leaves body
- limb goes numb and doesn’t feel like it belongs to you

Question 14

dissociative identity disorder (DID) (dissociative)

Answer 14

-formerly called multiple personality disorder
- numerous personalities
- DID controversy (not real)

Question 15

schizophrenia

Answer 15

group of severe disorders characterized by: problems in thinking and speaking, disturbed perceptions, inappropriate emotions and actions

Question 16

symptoms of schizophrenia: problems in thinking and speaking

Answer 16

• delusions and persecution (paranoia)
  -delusions of grandeur (self is extremely important)
• delusions of being controlled (CIA controlling brain)
• disorganized speech (word salad, loosely associated phrases)
• over inclusion (jumping from idea to idea without benefit of logical association)
• paralogic (on surface, seems logical, seriously flawed, Jesus has a beard, I have a beard, I am Jesus)

Question 17

schizophrenia: disturbed perceptions

Answer 17

hallucinations: sensing things that aren’t there
- also be auditory, visual, olfactory, tactile
command hallucinations: voices giving orders
-son of sam serial killer
-stated that a demon possesses his neighbors dog had commanded him to kill

Question 18

inappropriate emotions and actions of schizophrenia

Answer 18

behavior is inappropriate for situation (wearing sweaters on hot days)
- flat affect: no emotion at all in face or speech
-inappropriate affect: laughing at serious things
- catatonic behavior: unresponsiveness to environment, usually marked by immobility for extended periods

Question 19

positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 19

positive: presence of problematic behaviors (hallucinations, delusions, problems in thinking and speaking)
negative: absence of healthy behaviors (flat affect, no feelings of enjoyment, poor motivation, speaking and moving less)

Question 20

personality disorders

Answer 20

disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning
- usually without anxiety, depression, or delusions

Question 21

narcissistic

Answer 21

exaggerated ideas of self-importance and achievement, preoccupation with fantasies of success, arrogance

Question 22

borderline

Answer 22

affective instability, impulse and reckless behavior, recurrent manipulative suicidal behaviors, impaired ability to form stable interpersonal relationships

Question 23

dyssocial personality disorder

Answer 23

shameless disregard for and violation of other people’s rights

Question 24

Developmental psychopathology (disorders in childhood)

Answer 24

addresses origins and course of individual maladaptation in context of normal growth processes
- must be familiar with normal development
- what is normal for one age may be problematic at another
- ex) tantrums: 2 yr old normal and expected vs 12 year old not expected within normal development

Question 25

controversial legal issues and the mentally disordered

Answer 25

insanity defense: requires people to either: - not know what they were doing at time of crime - not know what they were doing was wrong - less than 1% of criminal cases use defense successfully

Question 26

the insanity defense

Answer 26

some states have adopted the optional plea/verdict of guilty but mentally ill - defendant can be sentenced but placed in a treatment facility rather than in prison - remains in custody until full sentence is served

Question 27

what is psychopathology?

Answer 27

problematic patterns of thought feeling and behavior - leads to disrupted functioning at home, work, and in social life or patterns that cause distress in person or in others

Question 28

bio-psycho-social perspective (model of psychopathology)

Answer 28

biological sociocultural and psychological factors produce psychological disorders

Question 29

diathesis stress model

Answer 29

diathesis: previous biological and environmental factors that predispose an individual towards developing a disorder -stress: trigger that taxes or exceeds the individual personal resource and results in abnormal behavior

Question 30

diagnosing psychopathology

Answer 30

diagnosis requires meeting specific criteria in diagnostic and statistical manual (DSM) -intern's syndrome: people studying illnesses often start thinking they have those illnesses

Question 31

mental well being in college

Answer 31

nearly 20% of Americans meet criterion for psychological disorder - anxiety disorders are most common mental health problem in college

Question 32

anxiety disorders

Answer 32

primary disturbance is distressing, persistent, anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety -types: GAD, phobia, panic

Question 33

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Answer 33

constant worry about many issues - anxiety seriously interferes with functioning - physical symptoms are exhaustion, difficulty concentrating, hyperventilating, irritability

Question 34

phobia

Answer 34

intense irrational fear - it is not phobic to simply be anxious about something -ex: animals, substances, situations

Question 35

social anxiety disorder (phobia)

Answer 35

fear of failing or being embarrassed in public -public speaking - fear of crowds -people fear public speaking more than they fear dying

Question 36

panic disorder

Answer 36

characterized by frequent panic attacks -helpless terror, high physiological arousal -very frightening-suffers live in fear of having them

Question 37

OCD

Answer 37

-obsessions: irrational, disturbing thoughts that intrude into consciousness (symmetry,germs) -compulsions: repetitive actions performed to alleviate obsessions (checking, washing)

Question 38

ear worm (involuntary musical imagery)

Answer 38

song stuck in your head, subtype of obsession -92% of people report having one at least once a week -can be annoying and stressful