Unit 5 Femur and Pelvic Girdle

Question 1

What is another term for the outlet of the true pelvis?

Answer 1

inferior aperture

Question 2

Congenital hip dislocation (dysplasia) for pediatrics:

Answer 2

bilateral modified Cleaves method

Question 3

For the Taylor method (AP axial outlet), what is the CR angle for males?

Answer 3

20-35 cephalad

Question 4

For the Taylor method (AP axial outlet), what is the CR angle for females?

Answer 4

30-45° cephalad

Question 5

For the Taylor method (AP axial outlet), where is the CR directed at?

Answer 5

1-2 inches below superior border of symphysis pubis/greater trochanter

Question 6

For the Taylor method (AP axial outlet), what is the kVp range?

Answer 6

80-90

Question 7

Why do we perform the frog-leg projection (modified Cleaves method)?

Answer 7

to visualize femoral heads and necks, acetabulum, and trochanter areas

dysplasia of hips/congenital hip dislocation

Question 8

Is the Clements-Nakayama (modified axiolateral) for traumatic or nontraumatic procedures?

Answer 8

possible traumatic

Question 9

What projection would we use for a pelvic inlet fracture?

Answer 9

AP axial inlet of pelvis

Question 10

For the Judet method (posterior oblique), how do you place the patient?

Answer 10

45° posterior oblique with pelvis 45° from tabletop with support

Question 11

For the Judet method (posterior oblique), what is the positioning required for the acetabulum to be visualized?

Answer 11

CR centered 2 inches distal and medial to ASIS

Question 12

For the Judet method (posterior oblique), what is the positioning required for the pelvic ring to be visualized?

Answer 12

CR to 2 inches distal to upside ASIS

Question 13

What indication may result in the early fusion of the SI joints?

Answer 13

ankylosing spondylitis

Question 14

How do you set up for the Danelius-Miller method (axiolateral inferosuperior) and where is the CR?

Answer 14

pt supine with affected leg rotated internally 15°
(unaffected knee and hip flexed and elevated)

CR horizontal, perpendicular to femoral neck area

Question 15

What does the AP axial inlet projection demonstrate on a radiograph?

Answer 15

pelvic ring/inlet in its entirety

Question 16

What does the AP axial outlet projection demonstrate on a radiograph?

Answer 16

superior/inferior rami of pubis and ramus of ischium

Question 17

Which of the following landmarks is not a palpable bony landmark?

greater trochanter
lesser trochanter
ischial tuberosity
ASIS

Answer 17

lesser trochanter

Question 18

What does the pelvic inlet projection demonstrate?

Answer 18

posterior displacement of pelvic ring or superior aperture

Question 19

How do you angle for males and females for the AP axial inlet projections?

Answer 19

40° caudad

Question 20

The pubic arch angle on an average male pelvis is an _______ angle that is _______________ 90°

Answer 20

acute; less than

Question 21

Male or female pelvis?

heart shaped (oval) inlet

Answer 21

male

Question 22

Male or female pelvis?

acute pubic arch (less than 90°)

Answer 22

male

Question 23

Male or female pelvis?

iliac wings that are more flared

Answer 23

female

Question 24

Male or female pelvis?

obtuse pubic arch (greater than 90°)

Answer 24

female

Question 25

Male or female pelvis? iliac wings that are less flared

Answer 25

male

Question 26

Male or female pelvis? larger and more rounded inlet

Answer 26

female

Question 27

What position of the abdomen should be used in an acute abdomen series if the patient cannot stand?

Answer 27

left lateral decubitus

Question 28

What projection best demonstrates any possible free air within the abdomen?

Answer 28

left lateral decubitus

Question 29

role of nasopharynx:

Answer 29

houses auditory tube and pharyngeal tonsils

Question 30

role of oropharynx:

Answer 30

contains palatine tonsils and lingual tonsils

Question 31

role of laryngopharynx:

Answer 31

narrows to join the esophagus

Question 32

malignancy spread to bone via circulatory and lymphatic systems or direct invasion

Answer 32

metastatic carcinoma

Question 33

What should be seen on an AP pelvis radiograph?

Answer 33

greater trochanter in profile

Question 34

What should not be seen on an AP pelvis radiograph?

Answer 34

lesser trochanter

Question 35

What is the acute abdomen series for a three-view abdomen?

Answer 35

AP supine (KUB) AP erect PA chest

Question 36

What is the acute abdomen series for a two-view abdomen?

Answer 36

AP supine (KUB) left lateral decubitus

Question 37

What are the joints of the pelvis?

Answer 37

hip joint sacroiliac symphysis pubis joint

Question 38

What device should be used for an axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection of the hip to equalize density of the hip region?

Answer 38

wedge compensating filter

Question 39

Which two bony landmarks need to be palpated for hip localization?

Answer 39

ASIS and symphysis pubis

Question 40

An AP pelvis radiograph shows possible fractures involving the lower anterior pelvis. The emergency room physician asks for another projection to better demonstrate this area of the pelvis. The patient must remain in a supine position. Which projection should be taken?

Answer 40

AP axial outlet (Taylor method)

Question 41

A radiograph of an axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection of a hip demonstrates soft tissue density that is visible across the affected hip and acetabulum. The artifact is obscuring the image of the proximal femur. What is the most likely cause of the artifact, and how can it be prevented from showing up on the repeat exposure?

Answer 41

tissue from unaffected thigh. elevate and flex leg.

Question 42

A unilateral frog-leg (modified Cleaves) demonstrates foreshortening of the femoral necks. The physician is unsure if there is a defect within the anatomic neck. What can be done to minimize distortion of the neck during a repeat exposure?

Answer 42

abduct femur 20-30° vertically

Question 43

A radiograph of an AP shows that the lesser trochanter is not visible. Should the technologist repeat the procedure? Why?

Answer 43

no because the lesser trochanter needs to not be visible

Question 44

A young patient with a clinical history of SCFE comes to the radiology department. Which projection(s) are most often taken for this condition?

Answer 44

AP pelvis and bilateral frog-leg