Unit 5 Lecture 2 Flashcards by Mikki Conley

What three joints articulate in the region of the elbow?

Humeroulnar, humeroradial, and proximal radioulnar

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What type of joint is the humeroulnar?

Hinge joint

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What type of joint is the huneroradial?

Gliding joint

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What type of joint is the proximal radioulnar?

Pivot joint

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What movement does the proximal radioulnar joint do?

Supination

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What ligaments are in the elbow?

Radial and ulnar collateral, and annular ligament

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What does the annular ligament encircle?

Encircles the radial head and bind to ulna

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What ligament do throwers often injury in their elbow?

Ulnar collateral ligament

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When is injury of the ulnar collateral ligament prevalent?

Side arm pitching

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What is Tommy John’s surgery?

Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction

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What is the anterior muscles of the elbow and radioulnar joints?

Biceps brachii, brachial is, brachioradialis, pronator teres, and pronator quadratus

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What is the posterior muscles of the elbow and radioulnar joints

Triceps brachii, anconeus, and supinator

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Origin and insertion of biceps brachii?

Origin: scapula

Insertion: radius

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Actions of the biceps brachii?

Shoulder flexion, elbow extension, radioulnar supination

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Brachialis origin and insertion

Origin: humerus

Insertion: ulna

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Action of brachialis

Elbow flexion

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Origin and insertion of brachioradialis

Origin: humerus

Insertion: radius

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Action of brachioradialis

Elbow flexion

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Pronator teres origin and insertion

Origin: humerus and ulna

Insertion: radius

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Action of pronator teres

Pronates radioulnar joint

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Pronator quadratus origin and insertion

Origin: distal ulna

Insertion: distal radius

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Action of pronator quadratus

Prime mover of radioulnar joint pronation

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Triceps brachii origin and insertion

Origin: scapula and humerus

Insertion: ulna

Actions of triceps brachii

Prime mover of elbow extension, and stabilizes shoulder and shoulder adduction

Anconeus origin and insertion

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: ulna

Actions of anconeus

Synergistic of triceps in elbow extension

Supinator origin and insertion

Origin: humerus Insertion: radius

Action of supinator

Prime mover of radioulnar supination

Flexor carpi radialis origin and insertion

Origin: medial epicondyle if humerus Insertion: lateral side of hand

Actions of flexor carpi radialis

Wrist flexion and radial deviation

What tendon is used to guide for taking the pulse at the wrist?

Flexor carpi radialis

Palmaris longus origin and insertion

Origin: palm Insertion: wrist flexion

What percent of the population is missing the palmaris longus?

14%

Flexor carpi ulnaris origin and insertion

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: lateral carpals

Actions of flexor carpi ulnaris

Wrist flexion and ulnar deviation

What is also known as Golfer’s Elbow?

Medial epiconlyitis

Why does golfers elbow happen?

Repetitive stress injury to tendons of wrist flexor/pronator muscles on medial epicondyle

Flexor digitorum superficial origin and insertion

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus, radius Insertion: fingers 2-5

Actions of flexor digitorum superficials

Wrist and finger flexion

Flexor digitorum profundus origin and insertion

Origin: ulna Insertion: fingers 2-5

Actions of the flexor digitorum profundus

Wrist and finger flexion

The flexor digitorum profundus is the only muscle that can flex what?

Only muscle that can flex the distal interphalangeal joints

Extensor carpi ulnaris origin and insertion

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: lateral hand

Actions of the extensor carpi ulnaris

Wrist extension and ulnar deviation

Extensor digitorum origin and insertion

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: fingers 2-5

Actions of extensor digitorum

Wrist and finger extension

What is the muscle also known as tennis elbow?

Lateral epicondylitis

Why does tennis elbow happen?

Repetitive stress injury to tendons of wrist extensor/supinator muscles

Why do forearm fractures occur?

Falling on outstretched hand

What usually fractures in forearm fractures

Both ulna and radius

Why is immobilization of the elbow important in forearm fractures?

To reduce movement at fracture site

What is Colles fracture?

Fracture of the distal radius

What is the common term of Colle’s fracture?

Broken wrist

How common is Colle’s fracture?

1 out of 10 fractures, very common in the US

Why does carpal tunnel syndrome occur?

Median nerve is swollen and irritated from excessive movement of the flexor tendons.

What position causes carpal tunnel syndrome?

Wrist extension

What other things cause carpal tunnel?

Cold temperature and when vibration is present