Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ANAT + PHYS (9610) > UNIT 5: Nasal and Oral Cavities > Flashcards

UNIT 5: Nasal and Oral Cavities Flashcards

(86 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

the nasal cavity has ____ and _____ components, and is lined with _____. It is a large cavity divided into 2 _______ by _____

A

bony and cartilaginous
ciliated mucous membrane

slit like spaces by septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the 5 boundaires of the nasal cavity

A

anterior
posterior
superior
inferior
lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

anterior boundary of the nasal cavity is the

A

nostrils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

posterior boundary of the nasal cavity is the

A

choanae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

superior boundary of the nasal cavity is the

A

nasal bones, frontal bone, ethmoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

inferior boundary of the nasal cavity is the

A

maxilla and palatine bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

lateral boundary of the nasal cavity is the

A

maxilla and palatine bones (+ conchae (from ethmoid and inferior nasal conchae))

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

describe the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

A

irregular, 3 scroll-shaped nasal conchae (or nasal turbinates)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

describe the medial wall of the nasal cavity

A

smooth, bony posteriorly, cartilaginous anteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

olfactory bulb (where olfactory nerve fibres synapse) sits right on top of

A

cribriform plate (of ethmoid bone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

describe the paranasal air sinuses

A
  • hollow cavities lined by mucous membrane; extensions of nasal cavity
  • located in front, ethmoid, sphenoid, maxillary bones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the nose comprised of

A

alar cartilage, muscle, epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the lips comprised of

A

muscle, mucous membrane, epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe the buccal cavity, boundaries?

A

smallest cavity
bw lips and cheek and gums
includes superior/inferior labial frenulum
opening of parotid duct

boundaries:
lips, cheesk, teeth and gingiva, retromolar trigone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

frenulum

A

mucosal fold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the 4 boundaries of the oral cavity

A

teeth and gingiva
floor (tongue)
hard palate
faucial pillars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the two functions of the palate

A

controls degree of coupling bw the nasal cavity and vocal tract during speech… aka seals the pharynx and nasal cavity for sounds (looser seal)

seals off the nasal cavity during swallowing (tighter seal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the two parts of the palate

A

bony anterior - hard palate
muscular posterior - soft palate aka velum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

hard palate is formed by the fusion of 4 bones…

A

maxillary bone - 2 palatine processes are fused at midline

palatine bone - 2 horizontal plates are fused at midline and anteriorly w palatine processes of maxillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the hard palate is covered w ….

A

mucosa that is tightly bound to bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

describe the mucous covering the hard palate

A

stratified squamous epithelium and submucosal mucous glands

anterior portion has 3-4 folds - rugae

midline ridge or raphe marks line of fusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

describe the soft palate

A

mobile muscular structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the soft palate has an anterior attachment to free border of _____ ______ via _____ _______, forms the …

A

palatine bones
via palatal aponeurosis

forms the soft core of the soft palate, which is covered by muscles and mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

posterior edge of the soft palate is….

A

“free” - uvula hangs inferiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
the soft palate at rest allows for communication bw ....
nasal cavity and vocal tract
26
on contraction the soft palate allows for ....
velopharyngeal closure or retro-oral seal
27
what are the two elevators of the soft palate
levator veli palatini musculus uvulae
28
levator veli palatini: O, I, A, Inn
O = petrous portion of temporal bone; inferior aspect of cartilaginous eustachian tube I = palatine aponeurosis (superior aspect) A = elevates soft palate Inn = pharyngeal branch of CN X thru the pharyngeal plexus; possibly CN XI
29
Musculus uvulae: O, I, A, Inn
O = posterior nasal spine of palatine bones; palatine aponeurosis I = mucous membrane at inferior end of uvula A = may play a role in soft palate elevation, inc bulk on nasal surface of palate for velopharyngeal closure Inn = pharyngeal branch of CN X via the pharyngeal plexus; possibly spinal accessory nerve (XI)
30
the tensor veli palatini has 2 portions:
1 - flat, triangular tendon 2 - muscular portion
31
tensor veli palatini: O, I, A, Inn
O = scaphoid fossa of sphenoid, spine of sphenoid (next to foramen spinosum), and lateral cartilaginous walls of eustachian tube I = tendon that hooks around hamulus of medial pterygoid plate to insert into the palatine aponeurosis and palatine bones A = flattens and tense soft palate; opens eustachian tube during yawning and swallowing Inn = CN V
32
what are the two depressors of the soft palate
palatoglossus palatopharyngeus
33
what does the palatoglossus form
palatoglossal arch
34
palatoglossus: O, I, A, Inn
O = inferior surface of palatine aponeurosis I = transverse and posteriolateral muscular portion of tongue A = lifts tongue and pulls backward, depresses soft palate; constricts the posterior limits of the oral cavity (constricts the isthmus) Inn = pharyngeal branch of CN X via the pharyngeal plexus; possibly spinal accessory nerve
35
palatopharyngeus forms the
palatopharyngeal arch
36
palatopharyngeus: O, I, A, Inn
O = palatine raphe (aponeurosis) I = posterior border of thyroid cartilage, inferior portion of pharynx A = lifts the pharynx and larynx, directs bolus into pharynx during swallowing; pulls soft palate down Inn = pharyngeal branch of CN X via the pharyngeal plexus; possibly spinal accessory nerve
37
Structures of the face and neck in the human embryo are derived from a series of ....
arches, clefts, pouches
38
arches and clefts arise externally at the _____ end of the embryo around the _________
anterior upper end of the foregut (primitive pharynx)
39
pouches arise ______ - are the ______ partners of the external clefts
internally internal
40
arches _____ dev in humans, but arch ___ disappears during dev
1-6 5
41
each arch is lined with _____ internally and _____ externally... _____ and ____ in between
endoderm (resp and gastro sys) and ectoderm (skin and NS) ....mesoderm and neural crest cells in bw
42
bw consecutive arches, ectoderm and endoderm move closer together, which form... ____ appear in the ectoderm, _____appear in the endoderm
pharyngeal clefts and pouches clefts pouches
43
_____ arches are clearly visible on lateral human embryo; well dev by start of __ week of dev
4 (1-4 arches) 4th week
44
the 4 arches surround the....
primitive pharynx aka foregut
45
each arch gives rise to 4 components:
muscular cartilaginous/skeletal nervous vascular
46
mesoderm in the arches forms into
vasculature and musculature
47
ectoderm in the arches forms the
NS derivatives, skin, bones, cartilage
48
the 1st arch is the
mandibular arch
49
what are the 2 components of the 1st arch (mandibular)
maxillary process mandibular process
50
the maxillary process of the 1st arch forms the...
upper jaw, plays a major role in forming the upper part of the face
51
the mandibular process of the 1st arch forms the...
lower jaw, by fusing w the mandibular process from the other side of the pharyngeal apparatus
52
what are the nerve, muscle, skeletal components of the 1st arch (mandibular)
nerve = trigeminal CN V muscle = muscles of mastication; anterior belly of digastric, mylohyoid, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini skeletal = malleus, incus, mandible
53
the 2nd arch is called the
hyoid arch
54
the 2nd arch (hyoid) has what nerve, muscle, and skeletal components
nerve = facial CN VII muscle = of facial expression, posterior belly of digastric, stylohyoid, stapedius skeletal = stapes, styloid process, lesser cornu of hyoid, upper part of body of hyoid
55
what are the nerve, muscle, skeletal, vasculature components of arch 3
nerve = glossopharyngeal CN IX Muscle = stylopharyngeus skeletal = greater cornu of hyoid, lower part fo body of hyoid vasculature = common carotid artery
56
what are the nerve, muscle, skeletal, vasculature components of arch 4
nerve = vagus X - Xph muscle = palate, pharynx, cricothyroid skeletal = thyroid, arytenoids, cricoid, corniculate, cuneiform, epiglottis (same as 6) vasculature = arch of aorta, pulmonary arteries (same as 6)
57
what are the nerve, muscle, skeletal, vasculature components of arch 6
nerve = vagus X - RLN muscle = intrinsic muscles of larynx skeletal = thyroid, arytenoids, cricoid, corniculate, cuneiform, epiglottis (same as 4) vasculature = arch of aorta, pulmonary arteries (same as 4)
58
what is the buccopharyngeal membrane?
membrane lies bw 1st arches, below the rapidly dev head of the embryo
59
the buccopharyngeal membrane separates the _____ from the external enviro of the embryo
primitive pharynx (aka foregut)
60
the buccopharyngeal membrane _____ around day 24 - results in the formation of the _______
ruptures stomodeum (primitive mouth)
61
the buccopharyngeal membrane rupturing allows for...
amniotic fluid to circulate thru embryo, and begins the dev of the pharyngeal apparatus and the formation of the face and neck
62
upper part of the face, nose and palate are formed by the _______ and the ______ of the __ arch
frontonasal process and maxillary processes of the 1st arch
63
to form the face, maxillary processes grow ....
forward and fuse w the downward growing frontonasal process
64
the line of fusion during the forming of the face is where?
from medial eye, down the lateral margin of the nose, along the phitral ridges of the upper lip
65
philtrum, columella, nasal alae, nasal septum are derived from the
frontonasal process
66
how does the nose start to form?
two thickenings on frontonasal process - called nasal placodes
67
as the nasal placodes continue to grow, they become more depressed and are called
nasal pits
68
tissue around the nasal pits form...
medial and lateral nasal folds
69
nasal pits deepen to form ______, ______ ruptures eventually, which establishes ...
nasal sacs nasal placodes establishing communication bw external environment and common oronasal cavity (no palate yet)
70
the frontonasal process grows into the area bw the nasal pits, which forms the
primary palate and nasal septum
71
at the end of dev the primary palate forms...
a triangular section of the hard palate - contains the front 4 maxillary teeth (inscisors), and ends at incisive fossa
72
primary palate is also called the
premaxilla
73
what are the palatine shelves
projections on the medial aspect of each maxillary process, grow horizontally
74
the palatine shelves are forced to grow...
downward due to position of dev tongue
75
as the mandible grows, ____ moves out of the way, ____ re-orient into horizontal position
tongue shelves
76
fusion of the palate begins near the ______ of the shelves and proceeds ______ and _____, which forms _____
middle portion anteriorly and posteriorly midline raphe
77
anterior end of the palate fuses w the
primary palate of the frontonasal process
78
posterior end of the fusion line of the palate is where the _____ is
uvula
79
________ grows downward from base of skull and fuses w the superior surface of the palatine shelves
nasal septum
80
fusion of the palate is completed by ____ week, anterior portion becomes _____ to become the _____ and posterior to nasal septum becomes ______ aka the ______
9th ossified, hard palate fibromuscular, soft palate
81
clefts =
deficits in fusion
82
clefts can occur
along any line of fusion
83
cleft lip
along philtrum, fusion bw maxillary process and frontonasal process bilateral (both sides affected) or unilateral (one side affected)
84
cleft palate =
fusion bw palatine processes of maxillary process
85
what are two clefts we dont often see?
mandibular or facial clefts FNP and arch 1 didn’t fuse... rare bc of survival rate Mandibular cleft would be right in the midline bc that’s where it fuses w other thing
86
Submucous cleft palate
mucosa has fused in the midline but it is hiding a bony cleft palate underneath – diagnosed w feeling the palate, can also shine a light in the nose and see translucency 

ANAT + PHYS (9610) (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions