UNIT 1: Intro

Question 1

Frontal (coronal) plane splits you into

Answer 1

front and back

Question 2

sagittal plane splits you into

Answer 2

left and right

Question 3

transverse (horizontal) plane splits you into

Answer 3

upper and lower body

Question 4

anterior means …

Answer 4

towards the front

Question 5

posterior means…

Answer 5

towards the back

Question 6

medial means…

Answer 6

toward the midline

Question 7

lateral means…

Answer 7

away from the midline

Question 8

proximal means…

Answer 8

toward the center of the body

Question 9

distal means …

Answer 9

away from the body

Question 10

dorsal means…

Answer 10

situated near the back

Question 11

ventral means…

Answer 11

situated near the front

Question 12

ipsilateral means…

Answer 12

same side of the body

Question 12

contralateral means…

Answer 12

opposite sides of the body

Question 13

abduction means..

Answer 13

moving a limb away from the midline

Question 14

adduction means…

Answer 14

moving a limb toward the midline

Question 15

supination means …

Answer 15

turning the palm of the hand upward

Question 16

pronation means …

Answer 16

turning the palm downward

Question 17

aponeurosis means…

Answer 17

a thin sheath of CT that helps connect your muscles to your bones

Question 18

fascia means…

Answer 18

thin casing of CT that surrounds and holds every organ, blood vessels, bone, nerve fiber, and muscle in place

Question 19

ligament means …

Answer 19

fibrous CT that attaches bone to bone

Question 20

tendon means…

Answer 20

connects muscles to bones

Question 21

sheath means…

Answer 21

covers and protects

Question 22

raphe means…

Answer 22

derived from the word seam - intersection in a tissue or organ bw 2 separate parts

Question 23

condyle of a bone is…

Answer 23

an articular prominence of a bone - articulates w other bones

Question 24

protuberance is ..

Answer 24

swelling, bulging or protruding parts of bone

Question 25

symphysis is ...

Answer 25

a joint in which the body of one bone meets the body of another

Question 26

tubercle is ...

Answer 26

a small rounded protuberance

Question 27

facet is ...

Answer 27

a smooth flat surface that forms a gliding joint w another flat bone or facet

Question 28

suture is ...

Answer 28

the seams of the bones of the skull for example

Question 29

fissure is ...

Answer 29

an open slit in a bone that usually houses nerves and blood vessels

Question 30

fossa is...

Answer 30

a shallow depression on the bone surface which may receive an articulating bone or act to support soft tissue structures

Question 31

foramen

Answer 31

an opening that allows the passage of structures from one region to another

Question 32

meatus

Answer 32

a passage or opening

Question 33

sinus

Answer 33

a cavity, space, or channel in the body

Question 33

what are the 4 basic tissue types that combine to for structures involved in communication?

Answer 33

epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

Question 34

epithelial tissue

Answer 34

covers surface of the body, lines passages/cavities communicating w external enviro, comprised of many cells and little extracellular material ... avascular (No blood vessels)

Question 35

connective tissue

Answer 35

glue of the body - comprised of cells and fibrous matrix - dense (tightly packed fibres) vs loose - and regular (fibres in parallel rows) vs irregular

Question 36

dense CT includes

Answer 36

tendons, aponeurosis, ligaments, fascia

Question 37

loose CT includes

Answer 37

areolar (bed for the skin) + adipose (fat storing cells)

Question 38

what are the 3 types of specialized CTs

Answer 38

blood, cartilage, bone

Question 39

what is blood made of

Answer 39

cells = erythrocytes + leukocytes, matrix = serum

Question 40

what is cartilage made of

Answer 40

cells = chondrocytes, matrix = gelatinous

Question 41

3 types of cartilage

Answer 41

hyaline - most abundant (ribcage, larynx, nose), elastic - extremely flexible (outer ear, epiglottis), fibrous - thick parallel bundles (invertebral discs)

Question 42

what is bone made of

Answer 42

cells = osteocytes (osteoblasts and osteoclasts), matrix = dense bone matrix

Question 43

3 types of muscle tissue

Answer 43

striated (aka skeletal muscle, voluntary control), smooth (muscular portion of visceral organs/blood vessels, involuntary control), and cardiac (walls of the heart, involuntary control)

Question 44

basic function of a neuron

Answer 44

to communicate - generates an action potential - carries message to synapse w another neuron or another cell type - neurotransmitters can be excitatory or inhibitory

Question 45

what are the 3 anatomical building blocks

Answer 45

organ - functional unit comprised of 2 or more types of tissue system - functional unit combination of 2 or more organs process - multiple systems functioning together