Unit 6

Question 1

Behavioral efficiency: _____

Answer 1

Same or more reinforcement is produced for less effortful responses

Question 2

Component skills: _____

Answer 2

Basic elements of higher-order skills

Question 3

Composite skills: _____

Answer 3

Combination of 1 or more component skills to form a more complex response

Question 4

Contingency-shaped behavior is: _____

Answer 4

Behavior acquired by direct experience

Question 5

Rule-governed behavior is behavior primarily controlled by: _____

Answer 5

Verbal descriptions of an A-B-C contingency

Question 6

Instructions: Steps to (3): _____

Answer 6

(1) Learn a skill
(2) Complete a task
(3) Reach a desired result

Question 7

A rule is a: _____

Answer 7

Verbal account of the contingencies of behavior

Question 8

Implicit rule: Antecedent, target behavior, or consequence are: _____

Answer 8

Missing or unclear

Question 9

Explicit rule: Antecedent, target behavior, and consequence are: _____

Answer 9

Clearly described

Question 10

An accurate rule: _____

Answer 10

Correctly describes contingencies to occur, given certain behavior

Question 11

An inaccurate rule: _____

Answer 11

Incorrectly describes behavior-environment relation

Question 12

A contingency contract (between 2+ parties) specifies the: _____

Answer 12

Consequence(s) that will follow completion of target behavior(s)

Question 13

Response cost:

What is it?: _____

Answer 13

Response-contingent loss of appetitive stimuli

Question 14

Response cost:

What does it do?: _____

Answer 14

Decreases the future frequency of specified or similar responses

Question 15

Premack principle: _____

Answer 15

Low-p behavior is reinforced by opportunity to engage in high-p behavior

Question 16

Group contingency:

Consequence for the group is contingent on (3): _____

Answer 16

(1) Individual member
(2) Subset of the group
(3) Whole group

Question 17

Independent group contingency:

What is it?: _____

Answer 17

Single contingency in effect for all group members individually

Question 18

Independent group contingency:

Who receives the reward?: _____

Answer 18

Individual members who meet the criterion

Question 19

Dependent group contingency:

Who must meet the requirement?: _____

Answer 19

1 person or subset of group

Question 20

Dependent group contingency:

Who receives the reward?: _____

Answer 20

All members of the group

Question 21

Interdependent group contingency:

What is it?

Answer 21

All members earn the reward only if all members meet the criterion

Question 22

Indiscriminable group contingency:

Cannot predict reward delivery based on: _____

Answer 22

(1) Group members
(2) Target behaviors
(3) Settings
(4) Rewards
(5) Times

Question 23

Token economy: _____

Answer 23

Behavioral program where participants earn generalized conditioned reinforcers (tokens) for specified behaviors

Question 24

Tokens are exchanged for: _____

Answer 24

Backup reinforcers

Question 25

Tokens are a form of: _____

Answer 25

Generalized conditioned reinforcers

Question 26

Backup reinforcers can include (3): _____

Answer 26

(1) Privileges (2) Activities (3) Preferred stimuli

Question 27

Backup reinforcers are received by: _____

Answer 27

Exchanging tokens earned

Question 28

A level system is a: _____

Answer 28

Behavioral program where participants have different statuses

Question 29

Level system adjusts: _____

Answer 29

Amount of reinforcement to a person's level (status) within the system

Question 30

Self-management: _____

Answer 30

Application of behavior change strategies to one's own behavior

Question 31

Self-monitoring: _____

Answer 31

Person observes and records their own occurrence or nonoccurrence of a target behavior

Question 32

Generative instruction: | Teaching procedures that lead to: _____

Answer 32

Emergence of a complex behavioral repertoire without explicit instruction

Question 33

Stimulus equivalence: Describes the development of: _____

Answer 33

Novel (untrained) stimulus relations after reinforcement history with relating the stimuli

Question 34

MTS is a discrete trial procedure that: _____

Answer 34

Investigates conditional relations and stimulus equivalence

Question 35

Reflexivity: Learner selects: _____

Answer 35

Comparison stimulus that is the same as the sample stimulus

Question 36

Reflexivity occurs without: _____

Answer 36

Direct training or contingencies of reinforcement

Question 37

Symmetry is a stimulus-stimulus relation demonstrated through: _____

Answer 37

Reversibility with the comparison stimulus

Question 38

Derived relational responding: _____

Answer 38

Responding to 1 stimulus in terms of another stimulus

Question 39

Derived relational responding occurs without: _____

Answer 39

Direct training or contingencies of reinforcement

Question 40

Transitivity is a stimulus-stimulus relation that emerges upon: _____

Answer 40

Being trained on 2 other stimulus-stimulus relations

Question 41

RFT is a: _____

Answer 41

Generative approach to verbal behavior

Question 42

RFT extends: _____

Answer 42

Skinner's verbal behavior framework by accounting for language and cognition

Question 43

Arbitrarily applicable relational responding (AARR):

Answer 43

Forming new stimulus classes with little or no reinforced practice

Question 44

A relational frame is a: ____

Answer 44

Pattern of AARR

Question 45

Features of a relational frame (3): _____

Answer 45

(1) Mutual entailment (2) Combinatorial entailment (3) Transformation of stimulus function

Question 46

Mutual entailment is a : _____

Answer 46

Derived bidirectional relation where 1 "direction" was directly trained

Question 47

Combinatorial mutual entailment involves: _____

Answer 47

2 stimuli that participate in mutual entailment with a common 3rd stimulus

Question 48

Transformation of stimulus function: _____

Answer 48

Function of 1 stimulus systematically changes due to change in another stimulus in the same class

Question 49

Suggested term for "rules": _____

Answer 49

Contingency-specifying stimuli | Blakely & Schlinger, 1987

Question 50

Specificity of the rule, accuracy of the rule, complexity of the rule, who provides the rule, timing of the rule consequence, learner’s history with the rule: These are the: _____

Answer 50

6 factors that impact the effectiveness of rules

Question 51

Premack principle AKA: _____

Answer 51

Grandma's Law

Question 52

Types of group contingencies (3): _____

Answer 52

(1) Independent (2) Dependent (3) Interdependent

Question 53

Types of stimulus equivalence (3): _____

Answer 53

(1) Reflexivity (2) Symmetry (3) Transitivity

Question 54

3 characteristics of AARR: _____

Answer 54

(1) Mutual entailment (2) Combinatorial mutual entailment (3) Transformation of function

Question 55

AARR stands for: _____

Answer 55

Arbitrarily applicable relational responding