Unit 6 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Hardware
electrical or electromechanical (physical) parts of a computer system together with its input, output and storage devices
Software
programs (sequences of instructions) which run on the hardware/computer
System software
the software needed to run and maintain the computer’s hardware and application programs.
-utilities, operating system, libraries and translators
Applications software
software that performs specific user-oriented tasks
-word processors, games, photo editors, web browsers, spreadsheets, databases, IDEs
bespoke
softwares specifically made for a single purpose that arent available as libraries
libraries
ready-compiled programs which perform common tasks
Translators
Translators are the programs that translate written code such as Visual Basic or Python into machine code (binary code) that can be run by the computer
operating system
a set of programs that manages the operations of the computer for the user
Application Programming Interface
allows the building of programs designed to facilitate the use of everyday tasks on the computer for the user via a user interface
peripheral devices
most input and output
-mouse/keyboard, monitor and printer
Assembly Language
-there is a one-to-one relationship between the mnemonic operation and corresponding binary operation
-specific to the particular type of computing device
Compilers
translate high level language source code into executable object code programs that the computer can run
Interpreters
translate each line of a high level language program one at a time, running each instruction as it does so
Assembler
converts low-level language into machine code
-translates an Assembly Language program into object (machine) code, then the computer can run it
processor’s instruction set
instructions available to use in the assembly language are specific to a processor
AND
both inputs are true to make output true A.B
OR
either one or both inputs are true to make output true A+B
XOR
either one of the inputs but not both are true for output to be true, ⊕
NAND
an AND and NOT gate combined, therefore output are the opposite of an AND gate bar above A.B
NOT
negation or inverter; means that the output will be the opposite of the input bar above A
NOR
an OR and NOT gate combined, therefore output are the opposite of an OR gate bar above A+B
