Unit 6 (1750-1900)

Question 1

King Leopold

Answer 1

Invaded the Congo as his own personal colony, using violent means of coercing them into working for him such as severing the hands of those who failed to meet impossible quotas and holding loved ones hostage.

Question 2

Tupac Amaru II

Answer 2

A Peruvian leader who led an unsuccessful revolt against the Spanish in Peru

Question 3

Phrenology

Answer 3

The study of skulls, used to justify colonizing and “civilizing” groups of people because Asians and Africans had smaller skulls

Question 4

Social Darwinism

Answer 4

The idea of “survival of the fittest” applied to different races, justifying that since the colonizers were stronger they would survive and come out on top

Question 5

Opium Wars

Answer 5

Wars between China and England as they were forced to buy opium and when they refused they were threatened

Question 6

Treaty of Nanjing

Answer 6

A treaty after the Opium Wars that gave the capital Beijing up for a while, would allow for China to let in spheres of influence/create new ports, and forced them to pay for expenses of the Opium Wars

Question 7

Indemnity

Question 8

Spheres of Influence

Answer 8

An area where a country had exclusive trading rights and access to natural resources

Question 9

Sepoy Rebellion

Answer 9

The rebellion of Indian soldiers under the Europeans who forced them to be in the military so they wouldn’t have to send over more of their people but their bullets were covered in animal fat which went against the culture and religious practice of the Indians

Question 10

Boar War

Answer 10

Boars, Dutch settlers living in Africa who resisted British rule fought with the British but in the end South Africa became an English colony

Question 11

Berlin Conference

Answer 11

A conference between imperialist nations over who got what land in Africa

Question 12

Penal Colony

Answer 12

Prison colonies

Question 13

Nationalism

Answer 13

The unification of people based on a shared common culture, background, or religion

Question 14

Pan-Africanism

Answer 14

The unity of all African people started by Kwame Nkrumah

Question 15

Ghost Dancers

Answer 15

A native practice and rebellion against colonizers as they tried to dance and call on spirits to help them drive colonizers out

Question 16

Xhosa Cattle Killing

Answer 16

The Xhosa killed their cattle as an act of rebellion against their colonizers

Question 17

Palm Oil

Answer 17

An important resource found in Africa used to lubricate machinery

Question 18

Monocultures

Answer 18

A result of growing the same crop over and over, deriving soil of its nutrients

Question 19

Economic Imperialism

Answer 19

The focus is on controlling another nation’s economy but not so much on the actual state

Question 20

Banana Republics

Answer 20

Small Central American states controlled by the economic influence of a foreign company

Question 21

United Fruit Company

Answer 21

Had a great influence in Latin America

Question 22

Migration

Answer 22

The moving of people to another state often for better opportunities in terms of job or life

Question 23

Steam Ships

Answer 23

Allowed for ships to go upstream and transport people and goods faster

Question 24

Kangani System

Answer 24

Recruits would find workers and friends to recruit and join them as workers

Question 25

Corvee Labor

Answer 25

Coerced unpaid labor by the state

Question 26

Diaspora

Answer 26

The mass emigration of a group of people over the course of a many years

Question 27

Ethnic Enclaves

Answer 27

Pockets/groupings of people of the same ethnicity living near each other

Question 28

White Australia Policy

Answer 28

The Chinese were discriminated against and their number was also limited in how many could come to live in Australia

Question 29

Chinese Exclusion Act

Answer 29

Limited Chinese immigration into the US