Unit 6 Processing Papers and Boards

Question 1

How can the shape and form of papers and boards be manipulated

Answer 1

Creasing
Scoring
Bending
Craft Knife
Die-cutting
Laser Cutting

Question 2

What is the difference between creasing and scoring?

Answer 2

Creasing compresses cellulose fibres
Scoring makes a partial cut

Question 3

How do we overcome bending issues?

Answer 3

Materials can be cut into sections and reassembled with gaps between parts to emulate a crease/score

Question 4

What is used for cutting in a die cutter?

Answer 4

Sharp blade

Question 5

What is used for creasing in a die cutter?

Answer 5

A blunt blade

Question 6

What is a kiss cut in die cutters?

Answer 6

Peel and Stick products (labels)

Question 7

What is advantages of a flat bed die cutter?

Answer 7

Energy efficient
Can be changed quickly
More useful for low volume production

Question 8

What is advantages of a rotary die cutter?

Answer 8

More efficient
Accurate
Less waste achieved

Question 9

What is a disadvantage of rotary die cutter?

Answer 9

high on set up costs

Question 10

What are advantages of die cutting?

Answer 10

Fast
Thick materials can be cut without burn lines
Can makes creases

Question 11

What are cons of Die cutting?

Answer 11

high set up cost

Question 12

What are pros of laser cutting?

Answer 12

Easily edited in cad
can cut more than just paper/board
Ideal for bespoke products/short runs
Can cut more intricate designs

Question 13

What makes paper and boards so able to be glued

Answer 13

adhesive is able to sink into the surface very quickly and
easily due to them being absorbent
Non flammable,non toxic,solvent free

Question 14

What are VOCs

Answer 14

Volatile organic compounds

Question 15

Water based adhesive

Answer 15

Non toxic,white glue that dries clear
Needs to be applied thin to prevent wrinkling

Question 16

Solvent based adhesive

Answer 16

Dissolves the surface of a material allowing parts to be fussed together
Toxic

Question 17

Hot melt adhesive

Answer 17

Quick dries quick not suitable for heat sensitive materials

Question 18

Spray adhesive

Answer 18

Gives thin and even coverage
Can be difficult to control
Doesn’t give wrinkles

Question 19

Contact adhesive

Answer 19

Applied to both surfaces and left to go
tacky – it bonds on contact
Clamps are not needed
Can bond dissimilar materials but not thinner
paper/board due to being too wet
Difficult to apply discreetly due to thick yellow colour
Some adhesives are brittle once dry but contact

Question 20

Adhesive tape

Answer 20

Various widths,colours,strengths,transparencies and finishes
Most cause damage

Question 21

Fixing with components

Answer 21

Paper and board fixings allow dissimilar materials
to be joined instantly e.g. rivets and eyelets
They can create spinning parts and add
reinforcement
Rivets also add an aesthetic accent to key
features

Question 22

CMYK

Answer 22

cyan
magenta
yellow
key(black)

Question 23

RGB

Answer 23

red
green
blue

Question 24

spot colours

Answer 24

coulours that come as pre-mixed paints
don’t qualify in the CMYK

Question 25

what is screen printing

Answer 25

versitlie process ideal for short print runs used for posters,tshirts,tote bags

Question 26

advantages of screen printing

Answer 26

can be set up at home jigs used to speed up process set up costs are fairly low can be used on any substrate

Question 27

how does screen printing work

Answer 27

fine mesh screen is coated with photo emulsion and left to dry in the dark monochrome transparency is placed on top light used to fix the exposed photo emulsion tot the screen excess rinsed away

Question 28

advantages of offset

Answer 28

cost effective for high volume rapid, high quality used in magazines

Question 29

how does offset work

Answer 29

printing plate installed on cylinder ink/water added to printing plate ink is offset onto smooth blanket cylinder print created when substrate is passed between blanket and impression cylinder

Question 30

how does flexographic pricing work

Answer 30

ink collected from reservoir and transferred to anilin roller tiny cells on surface of anilox collect ink doctor blade controls how much ink reaches plate

Question 31

advantages of digital printing

Answer 31

set up costs are low no need to make printing plates quick

Question 31

inkjet printing

Answer 31

deposits ink directly onto the substrate

Question 31

laser printing

Answer 31

drums are posivitly charged with electrostatic energy then a laser(negative)

Question 32

disadvantages of digital

Answer 32

colour cannot be matched perfectly surface damage more common not cost effective for high volume fewer compatible substrates

Question 33

embossing and debossing

Answer 33

raise/indent the surface of substrate to add functionality e.gbraille

Question 34

how is embossing/debossing made

Answer 34

substrate stamped between 2 shaped steel plates under heat and pressure filers shift into given shape without ripping/cutting

Question 35

foil backing

Answer 35

decorative dry process applies coloured metallic foils to papers/boards

Question 36

how is foil backing made

Answer 36

metal die heated to 100-200c can be flatbed or rotary

Question 37

lamination

Answer 37

adds durable tear proof and wipe clean film to packaging/posters,books polymer film bonded to front/back of substrate to cover entire surface

Question 38

encapsulation

Answer 38

form of lamination carried out using a desktop laminator

Question 39

how does encapsulation work

Answer 39

paper sheet placed in plastic pouch and fed into laminator using heat/pressure plastic fuses to paper

Question 40

varnishes and spot varnishes

Answer 40

add protective barrier applied in liquid form and printed onto substrate like an ink

Question 41

water based varnish

Answer 41

dry quick more eco friendly

Question 42

solvent based varnish

Answer 42

half the price of water but toxic

Question 43

uv varnish

Answer 43

cures under uv light is glossy

Question 44

creasing

Answer 44

compresses cellulose fibers allow paper to fold more easily

Question 45

scoring

Answer 45

makes a particle cut