Unit 7

Question 1

What does Mollusca mean in English?

Answer 1

Soft

Question 2

How many species of molluscs are there?

Answer 2

85,000

Question 3

Do all molluscs have a radula?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

What makes the shells of molluscs and what is the material of the shell made out of?

Answer 4

Made using the Mantle-Material is CaCO3

Question 5

What are some common shared characteristics between molluscs?

Answer 5

Mantle-Mantle Cavity-Foot-Radula-Open Circulatory System MMFRO

Question 6

Define Mantle

Answer 6

Muscular bag that surrounds the gills and most organs and is used to circulate water.

Question 7

Define Mantle Cavity

Answer 7

The open internal space surrounded by the mantle (contains the guts).

Question 8

Define Foot

Answer 8

Muscular structure used for movement.

Question 9

Define Radula

Answer 9

Used to scrap up food, modified to bore holes in the shells, and form separate poison darts.

Question 10

Define Open Circulatory System

Answer 10

Hemolymph (general body fluid that bathes organs) dumped on organs; cephlapods are the only molluscs that don’t have an open circulatory system.

Question 11

What are the Molluscan Classes?

Answer 11

Polyplacophora-Gastropoda-Bivalvia-Cephalopoda PGBC

Question 12

What are examples of Polyplacophora?

Answer 12

Chiton PC

Question 13

What are examples of Gastropoda?

Answer 13

Snails-Nudibranchs G-SN

Question 14

What are examples of Cephalopods?

Answer 14

Octopus-Squid C-OS

Question 15

What are examples of Bivalves?

Answer 15

Clams-Mussels B-CM

Question 16

Do Bivalves have a radula?

Answer 16

No

Question 17

Define Shell

Answer 17

Valves

Question 18

Define Muscles

Answer 18

Two muscles close to the shell: the posterior and the anterior adductor; the muscles pull the shells together to defend themselves from predators.

Question 19

Define Circulation and Gas Exchange

Answer 19

Water comes in through the incurrent siphon, goes over gills, exits through the excurrent siphons; oxygen in the water goes to the clam and CO2 from the clam goes into the water.

Question 20

Define Reproduction

Answer 20

Marine mussels release sperm and egg in the water.

Question 21

Define Digestion

Answer 21

Most bivalves are suspension feeders, trapping fine mucus that coat the gills; they’re sessile and wait for food to come for them.

Question 22

Where do Bivalves live?

Answer 22

Rocky Intertidal Zones- Sandy/Muddy Beaches

Question 23

What eats bivalves?

Answer 23

Birds-Walrus-Sea Star-Sea Otter BWSS

Question 24

How do oysters make pearls?

Answer 24

Made from nacres, a chemical made in all bivalves; a pearl is the result of having something that irritates the insides of oysters.

Question 25

Define Shells of Gastropods

Answer 25

Spiral pattern-Made from CaCO3

Question 26

Define Nervous System and Senses of Gastropods

Answer 26

Complex nervous system that can detect light, chemicals in water (rhinophores)

Question 27

Define Defenses in Gastropods

Answer 27

Aposematic: most brightly colored to ward off predators; hard shell, toxins for killing prey, cerata in nudbranch have nematocysts.

Question 28

Define Digestive Systems in Gastropods

Answer 28

Complete Digestive system w/ mouth and anus and a radula.

Question 29

What habitats to Gastropods live in?

Answer 29

Tropical and Cold Waters- Sandy and Muddy Beaches

Question 30

What is the difference between arms and tentacles?

Answer 30

Arms have suction cups all over but tentacles only have suction cups on the end.

Question 31

How do Cephalopods move?

Answer 31

Jet Propulsion

Question 32

Define Jet Propulsion

Answer 32

Filling body cavities with water and forcefully squirting it out to propel forwards and backwards.

Question 33

List some characteristics of octopuses.

Answer 33

8 Arms 9 Brains No Shell

Question 34

List some characteristics of Squid.

Answer 34

8 Arms 2 Longer Tentacles Internal Shell Include largest invertebrate

Question 35

List some characteristics of Cuttlefish

Answer 35

8 Arms 2 Tentacles Internal Shell

Question 36

List some characteristics of Nautiluses

Answer 36

External Shell Can have as many as 90 arms No suckers or hooks, but can hold prey w/ sticky secretion.

Question 37

What are chromatophores?

Answer 37

Color changing cells.

Question 38

Define Ink

Answer 38

Ink is made of a chemical named melanin; octopus, squid, and cuttlefish release ink from their siphons.

Question 39

Define Benthic

Answer 39

Occurring on the bottom of a body of water.

Question 40

Define Pelagic

Answer 40

Inhabiting the upper layers of the water.