Unit 7 Evolution

Question 1

the study of how living things change over time

Answer 1

evolution

Question 2

when nature determines the variety of traits, but humans choose which traits are desirable

Answer 2

Artificial selection

Question 3

An inheritable characteristic that increases an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce is called a

Answer 3

adaption

Question 4

The eyes of a blind cavefish are an example of a

Answer 4

vestigial structure

Question 5

Who developed the theory of evolution that includes natural selection?

Answer 5

Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace

Question 6

Who wrote On the Origin of Species and conducted most of his research on the Galapagos Islands , which lie off of the coast of Ecuador, South America

Answer 6

Charles Darwin

Question 7

who should also be credited with the theory of natural selection, and was a contemporary of Darwin

Answer 7

Alfred Wallace

Question 8

Change over time

Answer 8

evolution

Question 9

Inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s chance of survival

Answer 9

adaptation

Question 10

Preserved remains of an ancient organism

Answer 10

fossil

Question 11

The process by which organisms with variations most suited to their environment survive and leave more offspring than others

Answer 11

natural selection

Question 12

Ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in a specific environment

Answer 12

fitness

Question 13

bat wing and mouse arm

Answer 13

homologous structure

Question 14

reptile foot and bird food

Answer 14

homologous structure

Question 15

dolphin fin and fish tail

Answer 15

analogous structure

Question 16

our ways in which fossils can be formed are

Answer 16

Amber
Ice/Snow
Sedimentary Rock
Bogs or quicksand

Question 17

The method of dating fossils by comparing amount of radioactive atoms to nonradioactive atoms is known as

Answer 17

radiometric/radioactive dating

Question 18

The amount of time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay is called its

Answer 18

half-life

Question 19

Describe Darwin’s 4 basic assumptions

Answer 19

In nature there is a tendency towards overproduction

There is a struggle for existence; not all organisms produced survive

.In every population there exists variations which can be inherited

The “fittest” survive. (Natural Selection)

Question 20

Use it or lose it!

Answer 20

L

Question 21

If you lift weights your children will be born with large muscles

Answer 21

D

Question 22

Organisms compete for survival

Answer 22

D

Question 23

When drought comes, only those plants that are drought resistance will survive

Answer 23

D

Question 24

The fittest individuals survive to reproduce

Answer 24

D

Question 25

Early bird-like creature wanted to fly, so they developed wings

Answer 25

L

Question 26

If an organism desires a trait, they acquire the trait to survive

Answer 26

L

Question 27

Variations naturally exist in a population

Answer 27

D

Question 28

Overproduction and competition bring about evolutionary change

Answer 28

D

Question 29

Giraffes with long necks survived and reproduced, while short-necked giraffes dies off because they couldn’t reach the leaves on trees

Answer 29

D

Question 30

The Earth is approximately

Answer 30

4.5 billion years old

Question 31

Which compounds/gases were present in the early earth’s atmosphere?

Answer 31

Methane, ammonia, hydrogen gas, water vapor

Question 32

Which compounds were used in Miller and Urey’s experiment in 1953?

Answer 32

Methane, ammonia, hydrogen gas, water vapor

Question 33

What did the electric current represent in the experiment?

Answer 33

Lightning

Question 34

Which substances were produced at the end of the experiment?

Answer 34

Amino acids

Question 35

The first organisms found in the earth’s oceans were

Answer 35

Anaerobic

Question 36

an inherited trait or set of traits that aids the chances of survival and reproduction of an organism in a particular environment

Answer 36

Adaptation

Question 37

A spider spinning a web is an example of a

Answer 37

physiological adaptation

Question 38

the different beaks of birds are examples of

Answer 38

morphological adaptations

Question 39

Migration of birds and caribou and the storing of nuts by squirrels are examples of

Answer 39

behavioral adaptations

Question 40

The evolution of a new species is known as

Answer 40

speciation

Question 41

When a single species evolves into several different forms that live in different ways, this is known as

Answer 41

adaptive radiation.