Unit 7 pt1 Flashcards
What are the two domains of Monera?
Bacteria (monera) and archea
Bacteria (monera)
Larger domain, very diverse, everywhere
Archaea
Smaller domain, live in extremely harsh environments
What type of monera is rod shaped?
Bacillus
What type of monera is spherical?
Coccus
What type of monera is bent?
Vibrio
What type of monera is spiral?
Spirilla
What type of monera is two?
Diplo
What type of monera is chain?
Strepta
What type of monera is clump?
Stathla
Bacteria Characteristics
- Have thick, strong peptidoglycan cell wall that protects
- Flagella/pilus helps them move around
Archea characteristics
- Has a cell wall, but it lacks peptidoglycan
- Membranes contain different lipids
Gram Negative Stain
Pink meaning the cell wall is thinner
Gram Positive Stain
Purple/blue meaning the cell wall is thicker
What are the Reproductive Strategies of Kingdom Monera
binary fission, conjugation, endospores
Binary Fission
Monera replicates its own DNA and splits in two, creating two identical daughter cells (asexual reproduction)
Conjugation
How Monera pass genetic information to promote diversity and improve fitness, like they may pass on genes for drug resistance
Endospores
- Thick internal wall that surrounds the DNA of a cell and protects it
- This usually happens in unfavourable, harsh conditions to help the cell survive
Glycocalyx
Gelatinous capsules that prevents pathogenic bacteria from being detected by macrophages (immune system)
Broad-spectrum antibiotics
Work against a wide range of bacteria, gram - and gram +
Narrow-spectrum antibiotics
Target a specific group/type of bacteria, like only gram - or gram +
Superbugs
Pathogenic bacteria that are hard for us to handle as a species because it is made up of multiple different resistant plasmids
Bactericidal
Antibodies that kill bacteria, action is irreversible
Bacteriostatic
- Bacteria that inhibits bacterial growth and keeps things the same, and the effect of this can be reversed
- It’s like a pause, start, and rewind button
