Unit 9: Sampling in Research

Question 1

population is ____ restricted to human subjects

Answer 1

not

Question 2

eligibility criteria

Answer 2

the criteria used to designate the specific attributes of the target population, and by which people are selected for particpation

Question 3

the target population

Answer 3

is the entire population in which a researcher is interested

Question 4

accessible population

Answer 4

comprises cases from the target population that are accessible to the researcher as a pool of subjects

Question 5

sampling

Answer 5

is the process of selecting a portion of the population to represent the entire population

Question 6

sample

Answer 6

is a subset of the population

Question 7

elements

Answer 7

the entities that make up the samples and population

Question 8

sampling bias

Answer 8

is the systematic over-representation or under-representation of some segments of the population in terms of a characteristic relevant to the research questions

Question 9

strata

Answer 9

are mutually exclusive segments of a population

Question 10

nonproability sampling

Answer 10

used in quantitative research. use three methods convenience, quota and purposive

Question 11

convenience sampling

Answer 11

entails using the most conveniently available people as participants

Question 12

snowball sampling

Answer 12

a type of convenience sampling when early sample members are asked to refer others who meet eligibility criteria

Question 13

quota sampling

Answer 13

researcher identify strata of the population and hen determine how man participants are needed from each stratum to meet a quota

Question 14

purposive sampling

Answer 14

is based on the belief that researchers’ knowledge about the population can be used to hand pick the cases to be included in the sample

Question 15

advantages of non-probability

Answer 15

convenient and cost effective

Question 16

probability sampling

Answer 16

involves random selection of elements from the population

Question 17

random selection

Answer 17

process is one in which each element int he population has an equal, independent chance of being selected

Question 18

simple random sampling

Answer 18

more complex probability sampling designs incorporates features of simple random sampling, the procedures are briefly described so that you can understand what is involved

Question 19

sampling frame

Answer 19

the technical name for the actual list of population elements

Question 20

stratified random sampling

Answer 20

he population is divided into homogeneous subset from which elements are selected at random

Question 21

cluster sampling

Answer 21

there is a successive random sampling of units

Question 22

systemic sampling

Answer 22

involves the selection of every kth case from a list of group such as every 100th person on a patient list

Question 23

sampling error

Answer 23

is the diff between population values and sample values

Question 24

power analysis

Answer 24

a procedure for estimating either the likelihood of committing a type II error or sample size requirement

Question 25

types of qualitative sampling

Answer 25

convenience and snowball sampling >> volunteer sample purposive sampling >> max variation sampling-involves purposefully selecting cases with a range of variation on dimension of interest >>homogeneous sampling involves a deliberate reduction of variation to permit a more focused inquiry >> extreme deviant care sampling provides opportunities for learning from the most usual and extreme informants >>typical case sampling involves selecting participant who will illustrate or highlight what is typical or average Theoretical sampling- is a method of sampling used in a grounded theory study defined this sampling approach as "the process of data collection for generating theory where by the analyst jointly collects, codes, and analyzes his data and decided what data to collect next and where to find them, in order to develop his theory as it emerges

Question 26

ethno

Answer 26

make numerous sampling decisions these decisions are often aided by key informants who serve as guides and interpreters

Question 27

phenomenlogist

Answer 27

typically work with a small sample of people who met the criteria of having lived the experience under study

Question 28

GT

Answer 28

uses theoretical sampling and work with samples of about 20 to 30 people