Unit C: Outcome 2 Topics 1-3 Flashcards
What is an aqueous solution?
A solution where water is the solvent.
Define ‘solute.’
The substance that is dissolved in a solution.
Define ‘solvent.’
The substance that does the dissolving in a solution.
What is dissociation?
The separation of ions when an ionic compound dissolves in water.
What type of substances dissociate in water?
Ionic compounds.
What is ionization?
The process of forming ions from a molecular compound in solution.
What substances ionize in water?
Acids (like HCl) and some molecular compounds.
What is electrolytic conductivity?
The ability of a solution to conduct electricity due to the presence of ions.
Which types of solutions conduct electricity well?
Strong electrolytes (e.g. strong acids, strong bases, soluble salts).
What is a nonelectrolyte?
A substance that does not produce ions in solution and does not conduct electricity.
What is a strong electrolyte?
A compound that completely dissociates into ions in water.
What is a weak electrolyte?
A compound that partially ionizes in water.
What is solubility?
The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given quantity of solvent at a specific temperature.
What are the three types of solubility for ionic compounds in water?
Soluble, slightly soluble, and insoluble.
How can you tell if a compound is soluble?
Use a solubility chart.
What is the unit used for concentration in chemistry?
Molarity (mol/L).
What is the formula for concentration?
c = n/V, where c is concentration, n is moles, and V is volume in liters.
What does ‘aqueous’ mean in a chemical equation?
The substance is dissolved in water.
What happens when a strong acid is placed in water?
It completely ionizes, releasing H⁺ ions.
What does a conductivity apparatus test in aqueous solutions?
The presence and amount of ions (electrolytic strength).
