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Bio 4: Microbiology > UNIT I > Flashcards

UNIT I Flashcards

1
Q

The science of small life

A

Microbiology

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2
Q

Father of modern taxonomy

A

Carolus Linnaeus

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3
Q

two-name method for identifying plants and animals

A

binomial nomenclature

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4
Q

composition of Binomial nomenclature

A

Genus+specific epithet

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5
Q

simple, single-celled organisms that has cell walls made of peptidogycan

A

bacteria

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6
Q

microorganisms often found in extreme environment

A

Archaea/Extremophiles

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7
Q

Eukaryotic organisms that obtains nourishments by absorbing solutions of organic materials in their environment; has cell walls made of chitin

A

Fungi

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8
Q

Photosynthetic eukaryotes that has cell walls made of cellulose

A

Algae

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9
Q

Unicellular eukaryotic microbes that moves by using pseudopods, flagella, or cilia

A

Protozoa

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10
Q

acellular organisms that are only considered to be living when they multiply within host cells they infect

A

Virus

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11
Q

hypothesis stipulating that living organisms arise form nonliving matter

A

Spontaneous generation

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12
Q

introduced the concept of Biogenesis

A

Virchow

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13
Q

killing microorganisms in the process of heating then rapidly cooling.

A

pasteurization

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14
Q

He developed a synthetic arsenic drug called salvarsan

A

Ehrlich

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15
Q

treatment of disease by using chemical substances; chemical treatment of non-infectious diseases.

A

Chemotherapy

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16
Q

Chemotherapeutic drug produced naturally by bacteria and fungi

A

Antibiotics

17
Q

chemotherapeutic agents prepared from chemicals in the laboratory.

A

Synthetic drugs

18
Q

study of bacteria

A

bacteriology

19
Q

study of fungi, including medical, agricultural, and ecological branches.

A

Mycology

20
Q

study of protozoa and parasitic worms.

A

Parasitology

21
Q

study of an organism’s genes.

A

Genomics

22
Q

study of immunity

A

Immunolgy

23
Q

Slimy layers on surfaces formed by bacterial communities

A

Biofilms

24
Q

ability of the lenses to distinguish fine detail and structure

A

Resolution/Resolution Power

25
Q

measure the light bending ability of a medium

A

refractive index

26
Q

coloring the microorganisms with a dye that emphasizes certain structures.

A

Staining

27
Q

Dye does not bind to the specimen, but rather around the specimen.

A

Negative stains/anionic dye

28
Q

Dyes that binds to the specimen

A

Positive stains/ cationic dyes

29
Q

Cells that retain a basic stain in the presence of acid-alcohol

A

acid-fast

30
Q

special resistant, dominant structure form within a cell that protects a bacterium from adverse environmental conditions

A

Endospore

31
Q

an additive chemical added to the solution to intensify the stain; used to improved bonding between the stain and the specimen

A

Mordant/Iodine

32
Q

Decolorizing agent in gram staining

A

Alcohol

Bio 4: Microbiology (5 decks)

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