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GENBIO > UNIT I: HOMEOSTASIS AND FEEDBACK MECHANISM > Flashcards

UNIT I: HOMEOSTASIS AND FEEDBACK MECHANISM Flashcards

1
Q

I: LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF UNITS CALLED?

A

Cells

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2
Q

A. EVERY ORGANISM IS COMPOSED OF AT LEAST ONE CELL

A

Single-celled and many-celled

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3
Q

SINGLE-CELLED

A

Unicellular

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4
Q

MANY-CELLED

A

Multicellular

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5
Q

B. THERE ARE TWO BROAD CATEGORIES OF CELLS

A

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

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6
Q

NO ORGANIZED NUCLEUS NOR MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES

A

Prokaryotic

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7
Q

HAVE AN ORGANIZED NUCLEUS AND MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES

A

Eukaryotic

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8
Q

II: LIVING THINGS REPRODUCE

A

Asexual and Sexual

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9
Q

A. ONLY ONE PARENT AND ALL OFFSPRING ARE IDENTICAL

A

Asexual

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10
Q

B. TWO CELLS FROM DIFFERENT PARENTS UNITE TO PRODUCE THE FIRST CELL OF A NEW ORGANISM

A

Sexual

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11
Q

III: LIVING THINGS GROW AND DEVELOP

A

Single-celled organisms and Multicellular organisms

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12
Q

A. SINGLE-CELLED ORGANISM, GROWTH IS MOSTLY?

A

Increase in size

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13
Q

B. MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS GO THROUGH A PROCESS CALLED?

A

Development (where cells divide and differentiate into various kinds of cells)

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14
Q

IV: LIVING THINGS ARE BASED ON A UNIVERSAL GENETIC CODE (DNA)

A

A. The directions of inheritance are found in deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA.
B. The genetic code is basically the same for all organisms on Earth

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15
Q

V: LIVING THINGS OBTAIN AND USE MATERIALS AND ENERGY

A

A. Metabolism
B. Autotrophs
C. Heterotrophs

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16
Q

A. ORGANISM BUILDS UP OR BREAKS DOWN MATERIALS IS CALLED?

A

Metabolism

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17
Q

BUILD UP OF COMPLEX MOLECULES

A

Anabolism

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18
Q

BREAK DOWN OF COMPLEX MOLECULES

A

Catabolism

19
Q

B. ALSO CALLED PRODUCERS AND OBTAIN THEIR ENERGY DIRECTLY FROM THE SUN THROUGH PHOTSYNTHESIS

A

Autotrophs

20
Q

C. ALSO CALLED CONSUMERS AND RELY ON THE ENERGY STORED DURING PHOTOSYNTHESIS

A

Heterotrophs

21
Q

4 TYPES OF HETEROTROPHS

A
  1. Herbivores (plants)
  2. Carnivores (animals)
  3. Omnivores (plants and animals)
  4. Decomposers (break down dead)
22
Q

VI: LIVING THINGS RESPOND TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT (IRRITABILITY)

A

A. Organisms detect and respond to stimuli from their environment

23
Q

B. A SIGNAL TO WHICH AN ORGANISM RESPONDS

A

Stimulus

24
Q

C. EXTERNAL STIMULI INCLUDE OF WHAT?

A

Temperature and light

25
Q

D. INTERNAL STIMULI COME FROM WITHIN?

A

Blood sugar level or feeling thirsty

26
Q

VII: TAKEN AS A GROUP, LIVING THINGS CHANGE OVER TIME

A

Adaptation and Evolution

27
Q

VIII: LIVING THINGS MAINTAIN A STABLE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT (MAINTAINING AS STABLE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT IS?)

A

Homeostasis

28
Q

IS A PROCESS OF NERVOUS AND HORMONAL REGULATION BY WHICH THE BODY MAINTAINS LEVELS

A

Feedback mechanism

29
Q

TYPE OF FEED BACK MECHENISM

A

Negative feedback and Positive feedback

30
Q

IS THE PROCESS WHEN THE RECEPTOR DETECT CHANGE AND INITIATE RESPONSE THAT WILL GO AGAINST THE CHANGE

A

Negative feedback

31
Q

IS THE PROCESS BY WHICH STIMULUS CAUSES A RESPONSE WHICH WILL INCREASE THE STIMULATION

A

Positive feedback

32
Q

COMPONENTS OF FEEDBACK LOOPS

A
  1. Stimulus
  2. Receptor
  3. Relay
33
Q

IT IS SOMETHING IN THE ENVIRONMENT THAT CAUSE CHANGE

A

Stimulus

34
Q

IT IS A CELLS OR TISSUES THAT RECEIVES STIMULUS

A

Receptor

35
Q

IT IS A TRANSMITTER OF MESSAGE VIA NERVES OR HORMONES OR BOTH TO THE EFFECTOR

A

Relay

36
Q

THE STATE OF BALANCE IN THE BODY IS KNOWN AS?

A

Homeostasis

37
Q

THE THREE COMPONENTS INTERACT NAMELY

A
  1. Receptor
  2. Integrator
  3. Effector
38
Q

SUCH AS FREE NERVE ENDING IN THE SKIN

A

Receptor

39
Q

SUCH AS THE BRAIN

A

Integrator

40
Q

SUCH AS A MUSCLE OR A GLAND

A

Effector

41
Q

SPERM

A

Spermatogenesis

42
Q

GAMETES

A

Gametogenesis

43
Q

EGG CELLS

A

Oogenesis

GENBIO (8 decks)

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