Unit IV

Question 1

Rooting Reflex

Answer 1

An infant’s response toward the source of touching that occurs anywhere around her mouth. The baby can suck, breath, and swallow milk but doesn’t get confused.

Question 2

Moro reflex

Answer 2

A newborn will fling her arms and legs out and then rapidly closes them to the center.

Question 3

Piaget 0-2

Answer 3

Sensorimotor thought: object permanence; assimilation; accommodation.

Question 4

Piaget 2-7

Answer 4

Preoperational: egocentrism; representational thought.

Question 5

Piaget 7-11

Answer 5

Concrete operational: conservation is developed (a given quantity does not change); ability to classify into sets and subsets, ability to understand role reversals.

Question 6

Piaget 11-15

Answer 6

Formal operational: thinking becomes more abstract, idealistic and logical.

Question 7

Freud 0-18 months

Answer 7

Oral Stage: An infant associates pleasure with the mouth, chewing, sucking and biting are chief sources of pleasure that reduces tension in the infant. Either overstimulated or in denial. Development of id.

Question 8

Freud 18-36 months

Answer 8

Anal Stage: Defecation brings pleasure. Development of ego. Anal v. expulsive.

Question 9

Freud 3-6 years

Answer 9

Phallic Stage: Children associate sexual pleasure with their genitals. Super ego begins to develop.

Question 10

Freud 6-Puberty

Answer 10

Latency Stage: Sexual desires are pushed into the background and the child becomes involved in exploring the world and learning new skills. Ego is CRITICAL at this stage.

Question 11

Freud Puberty-Adulthood

Answer 11

Genital Stage: Sexual pleasure can be obtained outside of family, it is as important to give sexually as it is to receive.

Question 12

Erikson 0-1.5

Answer 12

Trust vs. Mistrust: Infant develops a sense of security.

Question 13

Erikson 1.5-3

Answer 13

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt: The infant achieves a sense of independence.

Question 14

Erikson 3-5

Answer 14

Initiative vs. Guilt: Child finds a balance between spontaneity and restraint.

Question 15

Erikson 6-Puberty

Answer 15

Industry vs. Inferiority: The child attains a sense of self confidence.

Question 16

Kohlberg 2-3

Answer 16

Punishment and obedience orientation in which moral behavior serves to avoid punishment.

Question 17

Kohlberg 3-8

Answer 17

Moral behavior serves to get rewards or favors in return.

Question 18

Kohlberg 9-10

Answer 18

Child assumes that moral behavior is desirable because it gains social approval, especially from parents.

Question 19

When does the baby become attached to the mother figure?

Answer 19

6 months

Question 20

When does the baby become attached to others?

Answer 20

18 months

Question 21

Displacement

Answer 21

Reading a book can put you in another time or place.

Question 22

Infinite generativity

Answer 22

You can generate countless, limitless sentences using a finite set of words and rules.

Question 23

Phonology

Answer 23

Study of the sound system of language

Question 24

Phonemes

Answer 24

Basic units of speech, 40 in english lang, 869 in human speech. Used to build MORPHEMES

Question 25

Morphemes

Answer 25

Meaning unit of sound that contain NO SMALLER MEANINGFUL PARTS

Question 26

Syntax

Answer 26

The way words are combined to form acceptable phrases and sentences.

Question 27

Semantics

Answer 27

Meaning of words and sentences, structure of a language.

Question 28

Pragmatics

Answer 28

Use of appropriate conversation and the study of the rules underlying the use of language in social context.