Universal Precaution Flashcards
(34 cards)
– A set of practices used to prevent contamination of the bloodstream and surrounding tissues during venipuncture.
ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
– The practice of cleaning hands to remove microorganisms and prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene is critical before and after performing venipuncture to minimize the risk of cross-contamination.
HAND HYGIENE
– Equipment worn by healthcare professionals to protect themselves and patients from exposure to infectious agents.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
– Accidental puncture of the skin by a needle used during venipuncture, which can expose healthcare workers to bloodborne pathogens, leading to infections.
NEEDLESTICK INJURY
– Microorganisms present in blood that can cause disease when transmitted to another person. Common bloodborne pathogens include hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
– The process of killing or inactivating microorganisms on surfaces or equipment to prevent the spread of infection.
DISINFECTION
– Devices designed to minimize the risk of needlestick injuries by covering or retracting the needle after use.
NEEDLE SAFETY DEVICES
– Procedures used to maintain sterility and prevent contamination of equipment and supplies during venipuncture.
STERILE TECHNIQUE
– The inadvertent introduction of microorganisms into blood culture bottles during venipuncture, leading to false-positive results.
BLOOD CULTURE CONTAMINATION
– Guidelines recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to prevent the transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings. Standard precautions include hand hygiene, the use of PPE, safe injection practices, and environmental cleaning and disinfection.
STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
acquired in the course of medical care
Nosocomial
infections contracted in an acute care hospital, patients in extended care facilities, outpatient clinics & behavioral health institutions.
Nosocomial
cannot be present at admission; rather, it happens within 48 hours after you’ve entered the hospital.
Nosocomial
also called as Hospital Acquired Infection
Nosocomial
A nosocomial infection that results from a particular treatment or therapeutic procedure.
Iatrogenic
may lead to physical, mental, or emotional problems or, in some cases, even death.
Iatrogenic
: exo- “outside”, -genous “born from”
infection or disease originates outside the body
-When a commensal organism enter places it should not be
-When a pathogen comes from other source.
EXOGENOUS
: endo- “within”, -genous “born from”
-infection or disease originates within body
-disease can occur when microbes included in normal bacterial flora enter a sterile area of the body such as the brain or muscle.
Endogenous
refer to infectious illnesses that can be transmitted from person to person through various means, including direct contact, droplets, or contaminated surfaces.
Communicable diseases
Communicable Diseases
Key Preventive Measures:
Vaccination
Hand Hygiene
Respiratory Hygiene
Safe Food Handling
Environmental Sanitation
are microorganisms that cause disease.
Pathogens
Four major groups of microorganisms are known to produce diseases are:
bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites
If a microorganism is known to produce disease, it is called a _____
pathogenic microorganism
are one-celled organisms with a typical nucleus. They both contain DNA and RNA. They come in various shapes and sizes and can cause disease through toxin production or direct tissue invasion
Bacteria