Upper Extremity (UE)

Question 1

Name the four segments of the Upper extremities

Answer 1

Shoulder
Arm
Forearm
Hand

Question 2

What structures make up the shoulder?

Answer 2

scapula
clavicle
manubrium of the sternum

Question 3

What part of the UE lies proximally to the hand?

Answer 3

forearm

Question 4

What is the only place where the bones of the Upper limb articulate with the axial skeleton?

Answer 4

Sternoclavicular joint

Question 5

What is the most superficial bone?

Answer 5

Clavicle

Question 6

Name the two ends of the clavicle and what they articulate with?

Answer 6

sternal end (manubrium)
acromial end (acromion)

Question 7

The medial 2/3 of the clavicle is:
A- convex anteriorly
B- convex posteriorly

Answer 7

convex anteriorly

Question 8

The lateral 1/3 of the clavicle is:
A- concave anteriorly
B- concave posteriorly

Answer 8

concave anteriorly

Question 9

Is the posterior surface of the scapula covex or concave?

Answer 9

Convex

Question 10

Is the costal surface of the scapula concave or convex?

Answer 10

concave

Question 11

Name the three important structures on the lateral end of the scapula that are involved in articulations.

Answer 11

Acromion
Glenoid fossa
Coracoid

Question 12

What articulates with the scapula laterally?

Answer 12

Humerus

Question 13

What structure separates the greater and lesser tubercle of the distal end of the humerus?

Answer 13

The bicipital groove

Question 14

A patient presents with a dislocated shoulder. What type of dislocation would you most likely suspect?

Answer 14

Anterior (95% of dislocations)

Question 15

Name the articular structures on the condyle of the humerus

Answer 15

Trochlea
Capitulum
Olecranon fossa
Coronoid fossa
Radial fossae

Question 16

How do you test for the radial nerve function?

Answer 16

By extending or touching the back of the wrist

Question 17

Which one is the stabilizing bone of the forearm

Answer 17

Ulna

Question 18

what forms the trochlear notch at the proximal end of ulna

Answer 18

olecranon and coronoid process

Question 19

Does the ulna reach the wrist?

Answer 19

No.

Question 20

What part of the humerus does the head of radius articulate with?

Answer 20

Capitulum

Question 21

What separates the proximal end of the radius from the shaft? What attaches here?

Answer 21

radial tuberosity. Biceps

Question 22

Name the carpal bones

Answer 22

Some Lovers Try Positions That They Cannot Handle)
Scaphoid
Lunate
Ttriquetrum
Pisiform
Ttrapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate

Question 23

How many metacarpals in one hand?

Answer 23

5

Question 24

Three parts of a metacarpal

Answer 24

base , shaft, head

Question 25

| What does a metacarpal articulate with proximally and distally?

Answer 25

| carpals (proximally) proximal phalanges (distally)

Question 26

T or F? all digits have 3 phalanges.

Answer 26

F. Thumbs has 2.

Question 27

``` Define the following joints MCP PIP DIP IP ```

Answer 27

MCP - metacarpophalangeal PIP - Proximal interphalangeal joint DIP - Distal Interphalangeal joint IP- interphalangeal joint

Question 28

Name the main superficial veins of upper limb and specify which one is medial/lateral.

Answer 28

Cephalic (lateral) | Basilic (medial)

Question 29

Name the anterior axioappendicullar muscles.

Answer 29

Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Subclavius Serratus anterior

Question 30

Name the posterior axioappendicullar muscles.

Answer 30

``` Superficial: -trapezius -latisimus dorsi Deep: Levetor scapulae Rhomboids ```

Question 31

Name the muscles that make up the rotator cuff and what does it surrounds.

Answer 31

``` Rotator cuff SITS around the glenohumeral joint Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor Subscapularis ```

Question 32

Name the borders of the axilla

Answer 32

Apex (1st rib, clavicle, superior edge of scapula) Base (skin, fascia, subQ tissue) Anterior wall (pectoralis major/minor) Posterior wall (scapula,subscapularis, teres major) Medial wall (1-4 ribs, intercostals) Lateral wall (humerus)

Question 33

Which muscle is the only pure flexor of the elbow?

Answer 33

Brachialis

Question 34

Main extensor of the elbow

Answer 34

Triceps Brachii

Question 35

Main arterial supply to the arm is via this artery

Answer 35

Brachial

Question 36

Name two superficial and one deep veins of the arm

Answer 36

Cephalic and basilic (superficial) | brachial (deep)

Question 37

Name the nerves of the arm

Answer 37

Median Ulnar Musculocutaneous Radial

Question 38

Ulnar nerve arises from which cord of the brachial plexus?

Answer 38

Medial

Question 39

Musculocutaneous nerve arises from which cord of the brachial plexus?

Answer 39

Lateral

Question 40

Flexors and pronators are served mainly by this nerve

Answer 40

median

Question 41

Extensors and supinators are served mainly by this nerve

Answer 41

radial

Question 42

All flexors are attached proximally by a common tendon on the ............ epicondyle of humerus

Answer 42

medial

Question 43

Divide the Flexor-pronator muscles of the forearm into three main groups and name the muscles in each.

Answer 43

Superficial: (Pronator teres, Flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris, palmaris longus) Intermediate: (Flexor digitorium superficialis) Deep: (Flexor digitorium profundus, Flexor pollicis longus, Pronator quadratus)

Question 44

Divide the extensor muscles of the forearm into 2 main groups and name the muscles in each.

Answer 44

``` Superficial: Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digitorium Extensor digiti minimi Deep: abductor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis extensor pollicis longus extensor indicis ```

Question 45

What muscles form the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 45

Abductor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis extensor pollicis longus

Question 46

Whats the clinical application of the snuff box?

Answer 46

scaphoid fracture location

Question 47

You are a PA in the ER. A new resident is working with you and is treating a patient with a deep laceration on the anterior aspect of the forearm involving the muscles and resident decides to repair them. You are assisting him. Whats the correct procedure to repair this injury and why?

Answer 47

You would advise the resident that the correct procedure is to transfer the patient to the OR and have a hand surgeon to perform the procedures due to the involvement of the flexor muscles. Only the extensors may be repaired in the ER.

Question 48

Nerves of the forearm

Answer 48

Median Radial Ulnar

Question 49

Which nerve crosses the roof of the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 49

Radial

Question 50

What is AC joint?

Answer 50

Acromioclavicular Joint

Question 51

What is Luxatio erecta

Answer 51

Uncommon, inferior shoulder dislocation

Question 52

What is nursmaid's elbow, presenting signs and treatment?

Answer 52

Subluxation of the radial head. Presents with extended or slightly flexed elbow and pronated forearm. treatment: Push on the radial head, supinate and flex the elbow.

Question 53

Define Skier's thumb and give cause

Answer 53

Rupture of the chronic laxity of the ulnar collateral ligament of 1st metacarpophalangeal ligament. Caused by hyperextension of joint.

Question 54

what helps stabilize the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 54

triceps brachii

Question 55

how many muscle compartments are in the hand?

Answer 55

5

Question 56

What nerve is damaged when the stuff box is damaged?

Answer 56

radial nerve

Question 57

Other than flexion of the digits, what does the long flexors of digits also flex?

Answer 57

metacarpophalanges and wrist joints

Question 58

what stabilizes the scapula?

Answer 58

pectoralis minor

Question 59

what helps flexes and adducts the arm?

Answer 59

coracobrachialis

Question 60

what helps moves the pectoral girdle?

Answer 60

sternoclavicular joint

Question 61

what anchors the scapula?

Answer 61

serratus anterior

Question 62

what rotate and retracts the scapula?

Answer 62

rhomboids

Question 63

what are the compartments of the hands?

Answer 63

``` THICKA thenar hypothenar interosseous central adductor ```