Upper Limb 2

Question 1

What is the most anterior muscle of the anterior arm?

Answer 1

Biceps brachii

Question 2

What is the origin of biceps brachii?

Answer 2

Short head: coracoid process

Long head: supraglenoid tubercle

Question 3

Where does the biceps tendon insert?

Answer 3

Tuberosity of radius

Question 4

What is the action of the biceps brachii?

Answer 4

Shoulder and elbow flexion, supination at RU joint

Question 5

What is the nerve supplying the anterior compartment of the arm?

Answer 5

Musculocutaneous

Question 6

What is the nerve roots of the musculocutaneous nerve?

Answer 6

C5-7

Question 7

Which two muscles have their origins at the coracoid process?

Answer 7

Coracobrachialis and biceps brachii

Question 8

Where does the coracobrachialis insert?

Answer 8

Medial margin of humerus

Question 9

What is the action of the corachobrachialis?

Answer 9

Flexion and abduction at shoulder

Question 10

Where is the origin of the brachialis?

Answer 10

Humeral shaft

Question 11

Where does brachialis insert?

Answer 11

Coronoid process of ulnar

Question 12

What is the action of brachialis?

Answer 12

Flexion of elbow

Question 13

From which cord of the brachial plexus does the musculocutaneous nerve arise?

Answer 13

Lateral

Question 14

What muscle does the musculocutaneous nerve pierce?

Answer 14

Coracobrachialis

Question 15

After supplying the muscles of the arm, what does the musculocutaneous nerve become?

Answer 15

Lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm

Question 16

What does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm supply?

Answer 16

Sensation to the lateral aspects of the forearm

Question 17

What kinds of injuries may damage the musculocutaneous nerve and what would result from damage to the musculocutaneous nerve?

Answer 17

Penetrating injury to axilla

Would result in paralysis of corachobrachialis, biceps brachii, brachialis and loss of sensation to lateral forearm

Question 18

What is the brachial artery a continuation of?

Answer 18

Axillary artery

Question 19

When does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?

Answer 19

Lateral border of teres major

Question 20

Where does the brachial artery end and what does it become?

Answer 20

In cubital fossa as it splits into radial and ulnar arteries

Question 21

What important branch does the brachial artery give off in the arm?

Answer 21

Profunda brachii

Question 22

From which cords of the brachial plexus does the median nerve arise?

Answer 22

Lateral and medial cords

Question 23

How can you identify the median nerve on a cadaver?

Answer 23

Enters cubital fossa and doesn’t give any branches in arm

Question 24

What does the median nerve supply?

Answer 24

All muscles of anterior forearm apart from flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus

Question 25

From which cord on the brachial plexus does the ulnar nerve arise?

Answer 25

Medial

Question 26

How can you identify the ulnar nerve on a cadaver?

Answer 26

Goes round medial epicondyle and runs along medial head of triceps

Question 27

What does the ulnar nerve supply?

Answer 27

FCU and ulnar 1/2 of FDP

Question 28

Where is the radial nerve vulnerable to damage?

Answer 28

Fracture of radial groove

Question 29

Where is the ulnar nerve vulnerable to damage?

Answer 29

Fracture at medial epicondyle

Question 30

Where is the axillary nerve vulnerable to damage?

Answer 30

Fracture at surgical neck

Question 31

What makes up the borders of the cubital fossa?

Answer 31

Line between epicondyles Medial border: pronator teres Lateral border: brachioradialis

Question 32

What are the contents of the cubital fossa?

Answer 32

Brachial artery (or radial/ulnar artery) Accompanying veins Biceps tendon Median and radial nerves

Question 33

Where is the origin of the triceps brachii?

Answer 33

Long head - infraglenoid tubercle | 2 shorter heads - humerus

Question 34

Where does the triceps tendon insert?

Answer 34

Olecranon of ulnar

Question 35

What is the function of the triceps?

Answer 35

Extension of elbow

Question 36

What nerve supplies the whole posterior compartment of the arm and forearm?

Answer 36

Radial nerve

Question 37

What is the action of the aconeus?

Answer 37

Assists triceps in extending elbow and stabilises elbow joint

Question 38

From which branch in the brachial plexus does the radial nerve arise?

Answer 38

Posterior cord

Question 39

Next to which artery does the radial nerve run in the arm?

Answer 39

Profunda brachii artery

Question 40

What is the root value of the radial nerve?

Answer 40

C5-T1

Question 41

What occurs in radial nerve injury?

Answer 41

Wrist drop

Question 42

What kind of joint is the elbow?

Answer 42

Synovial hinge

Question 43

What actions occur at the elbow joint?

Answer 43

Flexion and extension

Question 44

What are the extensors of the elbow?

Answer 44

Triceps brachii and aconeus

Question 45

What are the flexors of the elbow?

Answer 45

Biceps brachii, brachialis, bracoradialis

Question 46

What are the ligaments of the elbow?

Answer 46

Lateral/radial collateral, medial/ulnar collateral and annular ligament of radius

Question 47

What does the annular ligament of the radius do?

Answer 47

Holds the head of the radius

Question 48

What is student's elbow?

Answer 48

Olecranon bursa becomes inflamed due to injury/infection/repeated friction e.g. leaning on elbow

Question 49

What kinds of joints are the proximal and distal radioulnar joints?

Answer 49

Synovial pivot

Question 50

What movements occur at the radioulnar joints?

Answer 50

Supination and pronation

Question 51

What are the supinators of the forearm?

Answer 51

Mostly biceps brachii | Others: supinator muscle of forearm, extensor pollicis longus, extensor carpi radialis longus

Question 52

What are the pronators of the forearm?

Answer 52

Mostly pronator quadratus | Others: pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, brachioradialis

Question 53

What is the name of the condition where the radial head falls out of the annular ligament?

Answer 53

Elbow subluxation