Upper Limb: Arm

Question 1

what nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm

Answer 1

musculocutaneous nerve

Question 2

the musculocutaneous nerve is a terminal branch of what

Answer 2

lateral cord of brachial plexus

Question 3

the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm ___ the shoulder or elbow joints

Answer 3

flex

Question 4

the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm cross the ____ surface of the glenohumeral or elbow joints

Answer 4

anterior

Question 5

what muscles are found in the anterior compartment of the arm

Answer 5

biceps brachii
coracobrachialis
brachialis

Question 6

what is the most anterior muscle of the anterior compartment of the arm

Answer 6

biceps brachii

Question 7

the 2 heads of biceps brachii originate from where

Answer 7

scapula

Question 8

the short head of biceps brachii attaches to the

Answer 8

coracoid process

Question 9

the long head of biceps brachii attaches to the

Answer 9

the supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Question 10

how does the long head of biceps brachii attach to the supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Answer 10

forms a tendon that creates a groove at the proximal end of the humerus before attaching

Question 11

where does the biceps brachii insert

Answer 11

radial tuberosity

Question 12

what are the actions of biceps brachii

Answer 12

supination and flexion of elbow when supine
weak flexion of arm at shoulder

Question 13

what is the requirement for a muscle to be involved in supination or pronation of the forearm

Answer 13

muscle must attach to the radius

Question 14

what happens in supination and pronation

Answer 14

radius moves around the ulna

Question 15

biceps brachii rotates the radius to create ____

Answer 15

supination

Question 16

what is the most powerful supinator of the forearm

Answer 16

biceps brachii

Question 17

both heads of biceps brachii help to what

Answer 17

support glenohumeral joint to resist dislocation

Question 18

which head of biceps brachii assists in flexing the arm at the shoulder

Answer 18

short head - passes across anterior surface of glenohumeral joint

Question 19

which head of biceps brachii prevents head of humerus moving superiorly

Answer 19

long head

Question 20

which head resists dislocation of shoulder

Answer 20

short head - also long helps

Question 21

what is the innervation of biceps brachii

Answer 21

musculocutaneous nerve (C5 6)

Question 22

where does the coracobrachialis originate

Answer 22

coracoid process of scapula

Question 23

where does the coracobrachialis insert

Answer 23

medial mid-shaft humerus

Question 24

what are the actions of coracobrachialis

Answer 24

flexion of arm at shoulder
assists in adduction of arm

Question 25

what is the innervation of coracobrachialis

Answer 25

pierced and innervated by musculocutaneous nerve (C5 7)

Question 26

does coracobrachialis act on the elbow joint

Answer 26

no it doesnt cross elbow joint

Question 27

what is a landmark for coracobrachialis

Answer 27

as the musculocutaneous nerve divides from the lateral cord it usually pierces coracobrachialis

Question 28

where does brachialis originate

Answer 28

distal half of anterior surface of humerus

Question 29

where does brachialis insert

Answer 29

ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process

Question 30

what is the action of brachialis

Answer 30

flexion of elbow

Question 31

is brachialis involved in pronation or supination

Answer 31

no, it attaches to the ulna not radius

Question 32

what is the most powerful flexor of the elbow

Answer 32

brachialis

Question 33

what is the innervation of brachialis

Answer 33

mainly musculocutaneous nerve (C5 6) but some of lateral fibres of muscle are supplied by radial nerve (C7)

Question 34

brachialis is ____ biceps brachii

Answer 34

under

Question 35

what muscles are found in the posterior compartment of the arm

Answer 35

triceps brachii

Question 36

what nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the arm

Answer 36

radial nerve (C6-8)

Question 37

the long head of the triceps brachii originates where

Answer 37

infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Question 38

the medial head of the triceps brachii originates where

Answer 38

posterior surface of shaft of humerus (inferior to radial groove)

Question 39

lateral head of triceps brachii originates where

Answer 39

humerus - superior to radial groove

Question 40

the triceps brachii inserts where

Answer 40

olecranon of ulna

Question 41

what is the action of triceps brachii

Answer 41

extends elbow

Question 42

which head of the triceps brachii resists dislocation of shoulder

Answer 42

long head

Question 43

the brachial artery is a continuation of the axillary artery at what point

Answer 43

once axillary artery has crossed the inferior border of teres major

Question 44

what are the branches of the brachial artery

Answer 44

- deep brachial artery (profunda brachii) which forms radial collateral artery - superior and inferior ulnar collateral branches - radial artery - ulnar artery

Question 45

where does the brachial artery divide into its terminal branches of the radial and ulnar arteries

Answer 45

in or close to the cubital fossa

Question 46

the radial and ulnar collateral arteries also supply blood to an anastomosis around

Answer 46

the elbow joint

Question 47

what forms the anastomoses around the elbow joint

Answer 47

the radial and ulnar collateral branches from the brachial and profunda brachii arteries join with recurrent arteries from radial and ulnar nerves

Question 48

the ulnar artery goes onto form what to supply what

Answer 48

a common interosseous branch that forms anterior and posterior interosseous branches to supply deep structures of the forearm

Question 49

what structures cross the anterior surface of the humerus to enter the cubital fossa

Answer 49

brachial artery and median nerve

Question 50

what nerve lies under the biceps brachii

Answer 50

musculocutaneous nerve

Question 51

the radial nerve passes through what to reach the forearm

Answer 51

lateral intermuscular septa

Question 52

the ulnar nerve passes through what to reach the forearm

Answer 52

medial intermuscular septa

Question 53

what is the main tributary of the axillary vein

Answer 53

basilic vein

Question 54

the cephalic vein travels _____ as it passes to the deltopectoral groove

Answer 54

superficial

Question 55

what is the attachment site for muscles of the anterior compartment of forearm

Answer 55

medial epicondyle

Question 56

what is another name for the medial epicondyle and why

Answer 56

common flexor origin - attachment site for muscles of anterior compartment of forearm - the flexors of the wrist and digits

Question 57

what is the attachment site for many of the extensors of the wrist and digits - common extensor origin

Answer 57

lateral epicondyle

Question 58

what is the articulation at the elbow between

Answer 58

between the rounded capitulum of the humerus and the head of the radius and with the trochlea of the humerus with the ulna

Question 59

where does the anconeus attach

Answer 59

posterior surface of distal humerus

Question 60

what is the action of anconeus

Answer 60

extends the elbow

Question 61

what is the innervation of anconeus

Answer 61

radial nerve (C7 - C8 (T1))

Question 62

what compartment is anconeus

Answer 62

included either in posterior compartment of arm or forearm as is somewhere in between