Upper Limb part 1

Question 1

What is the upper limb characterized by

Answer 1

mobility
ability to grasp
fine motor skills

** sacrifice stability for mobility

Question 2

what are the segments of the upper limb

Answer 2

shoulder
arm
forearm
hand

Question 3

What is the superior appendicular skeleton

Answer 3

the pectoral girdle and the upper limb

Question 4

What is the pectoral girdle

Answer 4

the shoulder which includes the clavicle and scapula

Question 5

what allows for motion of the upper limb

Answer 5

the icompleteness of the posterior because is it not connnected like the front is

Question 6

what are the joints of the clavicle

Answer 6

sternoclavicular joint

acromioclavicular joint

Question 7

what 4 muscles move the pectoral girdle

Answer 7

1 pectoralis major
2 pectoralis minor
3 subclavius
4 serratus anterior

Question 8

what is the deltopectoral groove

Answer 8

this is between the pec major and the deltoid

contains the cephalic vein and superior to this groove is the deltopectoral triangle

Question 9

what is a test to see if the nerves to the serratus anterior are working ( long thoracic )

Answer 9

by having someone push up against the wall to see the right winged scapula

Question 10

What are posterior axioappendicular mm.

Answer 10

they attach the superior appendicular skeleton tot he axial skeleton

Question 11

what are the posterior should muscles

Answer 11

1 superficial posterior axioappendicular mm.
2 deep posterior axioappendicular mm.
3 scapulohumeral posterior axioappendicular mm.

Question 12

What are the superficial posterior axioappendicular mm.

Answer 12

traps, lats

Question 13

What are the deep posterior axioappendicular mm.

Answer 13

levator scapulae and rhomboids

Question 14

What are the scapulohumeral posterior axioappendicular mm.

Answer 14

deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major, subscapularis

Question 15

superficial posterior axioappendicular the traps

Answer 15

attaches pec girdle to the skull and vertebral column and assist in suspending the upper limb
– weakness in the muscle results in drooping shoulders

Question 16

superficial posterior axioappendicular the lats

Answer 16

inserting tendon twists so fiber originating highest insert lowest
– when paralyzed unable to rise trunk as in chinning

Question 17

what are the rotator cuff muscles

Answer 17

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

Question 18

what is the rotator cuff m. job

Answer 18

reinforce the capsule of the shoulder joint to prevent dislocation fo the humerus

Question 19

when does the middle delt start abducting

Answer 19

this will happen after about 30 degree which is when the angle of pull is parallel to the humerus. so the supraspnatus does the earlier stages

Question 20

why is the teres major a landmark

Answer 20

this is because the axillary a move through the m. and after it does it is called the brachial artery

Question 21

What is pecoral fascia

Answer 21

invests pectoralis major continuous with abdominal fascia

Question 22

what is axillary fascia

Answer 22

helps form the floor of the axilla

Question 23

what is clavipectoral

Answer 23

encloses subclavius and pec minor

Question 24

what is the costocoracoid membrane

Answer 24

this is part of the clavipectoral

– it occupies the interval between the pec minor and subclavius, and protects the axillary vessels and nerves

Question 25

what is the suspensory ligament of axilla

Answer 25

this is part of the clavipectoral | -- connects pec minor to axillary fascia and indirectly connecting clavopectoral fascia to axillary fascia

Question 26

what is antebrachal

Answer 26

this contains.. extensor retinaculum flexor retinaculum palmar aponeurosis

Question 27

What are the deep fascia

Answer 27

``` pectoral axillary clavpectoral deltoid brachrial ( ant and posterior ) antebrachial ```

Question 28

What is in the antebrachial fascia

Answer 28

- palmar carpal ligament - flexor retinaculum - palmar aponeurosis - extensor retinaculum

Question 29

what is the axilla

Answer 29

this is the armpit which is a fat filled pyramindal space lateral to the thoracic wall and anterior to scapula

Question 30

what are the borders of the axilla

Answer 30

apex- cervicoaxillary canal base- skin anterior wall- pec M/m w/ pec and clavipectoral fascia posteiror- scapula and subscap medial- thoracic wall lateral - boney wall of intertubercular groove

Question 31

what are the 2 spaces in the axilla

Answer 31

- quadrangular space - triangular space ** which are formed by the 3 T's triceps, teres M/m

Question 32

what is found in the quadrangular space of the axilla

Answer 32

posterior circumflex humeral a | axillary nerve that wraps aroudn surgical neck of the humerus

Question 33

what is found in the triangular space of the axilla

Answer 33

circumflex scapular artery the branch of the | subscapular

Question 34

What can be found in the axilla

Answer 34

``` axillary arteries and branches axillary veins and branches axillary lymph nodes axillary vessesl and ... cords of the branches of the brachial plexus ```

Question 35

where does the axillary artery begin

Answer 35

at later border of 1st rib

Question 36

where does the axillary artery stop

Answer 36

at inferior border of teres major then become the brachail a

Question 37

what are the parts of the axillary artery

Answer 37

part 1 - btwn lateral border of 1st rib an the medial border of the pe minor part 2- posterior to pec minor part 3- from the lateral border of pec minor to inferir border of teres major

Question 38

what is in the 1 part of the axillary artery

Answer 38

superior thoracic a | -- supplies primarily the 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces

Question 39

what is in the 2nd part of the axillary artery

Answer 39

1 thoracoacromial a | 2 lateral thoracic a

Question 40

what is found in the thoracoacrominal a of the 2nd part of the axillary artery

Answer 40

- acromial a -- supplies delts - deltoid a-- supplies pec major and detls - pectoral a -- supplies both pecs - clavicular a- sternoclavicular joint and subclavius m

Question 41

what is found in the lateral thoracic a of the 2nd part of the axillary artery

Answer 41

supplies primarly serratus anterior, fascia of anterolateral wall, lateral brest and axillary lymp nodes ** can also come from the thoracromial a, 3rd part of axillary, suprascapular , subscapular

Question 42

what is in the 3rd part of the axillary artery

Answer 42

1 subscapular a 2 anterior circumflex humeral a 3 posterior circumflex humeral a

Question 43

What does the sbscapular a divide into from the 3rd part of the axillary artery

Answer 43

1 circumflex scapular a- teres M/ and infraspinatus mm. | 2 thoracodorsal a - lats and runs with n

Question 44

where does the axillary vein begin

Answer 44

at inferior border of teres major at the union of the basilic and brachail veins

Question 45

where does the axillary vein end

Answer 45

later border of the 1st rib where it become the subclavina vein ** and it will receive a lot from the cephalic vein

Question 46

what is made up of the brachial plexus

Answer 46

``` roots trunks divisions cords branches ```