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AFN Anatomy > Upper Respiratory system part 1 > Flashcards

Upper Respiratory system part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Name the external features of the nose

A

Root, free tip, ala, external nares (nostrils), and septum

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2
Q

Comprise the entrance of nose

A

External nares (nostrils)

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3
Q

Name the cartilage that forms the free tip and external nares of the nose

A

Greater alar cartilage

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4
Q

Name of the structure that bounds to the Anterior ½ of the external nares: Alae-lateral and Septum-medial

A

Greater alar cartilage

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5
Q

Found posteriorly ½ of the external nares bounded by ________

A

Fibrofatty Tissue

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6
Q

External nares (nostrils) comprise the entrance and are separated from each other by

A

Nasal septum

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7
Q

Quadrangular cartilage Hyaline-cartilage

A

Anterior septal cartilage

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8
Q

How many parts does the nasal septum has

A

Four parts

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9
Q

Name the four parts of nasal septum

A
  1. Anterior, cartilaginous part
  2. Posterior and below bony part (vomer)
  3. Posterior and above bony part (perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone)
  4. Inferior (anterior and posterior) bony part (anterior and posterior nasal crests of the maxilla and palatine bones, respectively)
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10
Q

Name the cartilages forming the nose

A
  1. Lateral cartilage
  2. greater alar cartilage
  3. lesser alar cartilage
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11
Q

Name the location of fibrofatty tissue

A

Inferior aspect (below) Greater and Lesser cartilage

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12
Q

Name the bony framework of the nose (forming the “root” or bridge of the nose)

A

Two nasal bones
Two frontal processes-maxillary bone
Two nasal processes- frontal bone

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13
Q

Opening to the nasal cavity, formed mostly by the maxilla. The apex is formed by the nasal bones

A

Nose bony-framework piriform fossa

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14
Q

Name of the muscle that opens the nostrils

A

Nasalis

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15
Q

Name of muscles that stabilizes the septum

A

Depressor septi

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16
Q

a small, triangular muscle of the head that occupies the glabella, which is the region located between the eyebrows

A

Procerus

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17
Q

Dilate the nostrils and elevate the upper lip

A

Levator labii superioris alaque nasi

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18
Q

Circular muscle that surrounds the orifice of the mouth and forms the majority of the lips

A

Orbicularis oris

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19
Q

Extends from the external nares anteriorly to the choanae posteriorly. The nasal septum divides the nasal cavity into right and left chambers

A

Nasal cavity

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20
Q

Compromise the nasal cavity

A
  1. vestibule (chamber of the external nose)
  2. Limen nasi (skin to mucus membrane connection)
  3. olfactory region (where the olfactory receptors are located)
  4. respiratory region ((nasal mucosa that warms and humidifies inhaled air)
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21
Q

Chamber of external nose

A

Vestibule

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22
Q

Just inside the nostril (nose opening) that leads into the nasal cavity

A

Vestibule

23
Q

Separate skin from mucosa within the nose (Skin to mucus membrane connection)

A

Limen nasi

24
Q

Where olfactory receptors are located

A

Olfactory region

25
Q

Nasal mucosa that warms and humidifies inhaled air

A

Respiratory region

26
Q

Name of the paired posterior openings that connect the nasal cavity with the nasopharynx

A

Choanae “back door”

27
Q

Name the internal structures of nasal cavity

A

Floor, root, conchae, meati, ethmoid bulla, hiatus semilunar

28
Q

Name the nasal cavity upper/lower boundaries

A

Upper (roof) cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

Lower (floor) hard palate (Maxilla-palatine process) and palatine bone-horizontal plate

29
Q

Formed by palatine processes of maxillary bone and horizontal plates of palatine bone

A

Floor

30
Q

Formed by cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

A

Roof

31
Q

Name the 3 parts of nasal cavity- Conchae

A
  1. Superior - ethmoid
  2. Middle - ethmoid
  3. Inferior-separate bone
    Also known as turbinate bones found on the lateral walls of the nasal cavity. These bones are covered by a mucous membrane which warms and humidifies air as it passes through the nasal cavity.
32
Q

Superior, middle, and inferior (nasolacrimal duct drainage*)

A

Meati (or passageways)

33
Q

Recess above the superior conchae

A

Sphenoethmoidal

34
Q

What is the pathway for nasolacrimal system

A

lacrimal gland → lacrimal lake (with caruncle) → upper/lower lacrimal papillae with puncta → lacrimal canaliculi → lacrimal sac → nasolacrimal duct → opening of the nasolacrimal duct into the inferior meatus (see Netter:82).

35
Q

Name the structures of the lacrimal apparatus

A

Lacrimal gland, lacrimal Lake, lacrimal caruncle, lacrimal Papillae with the 2 Lacrimal *Puncta, 2 lacrimal canaliculi, lacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct, inferior meatus

36
Q

Where is the opening of the nasolacrimal duct?

A

The inferior meatus below and lateral to the inferior nasal concha

37
Q

____________Formed by indentations in the maxilla, lacrimal bone and Inf. Nasal concha

A

Nasolacrimal canal

38
Q

Bulge lying underneath the middle conchae, caused by the middle ethmoid air cells

A

Ethmoid bulla

39
Q

Cleft lying underneath the middle conchae where the maxillary sinus, frontal sinus, and anterior ethmoidal air cells drain

A

Hiatus semilunaris

40
Q

Nerves that supply the nasal cavity for the sense of smell

A

Olfactory nerves

41
Q

Which nerve supplied by branches is responsible for sensation in nasal cavity

A

Trigeminal nerve

42
Q

Primary blood flow to the nasal cavity is via

A

Posteriorly entering sphenopalatine artery and its posterior septal branch

43
Q

Branches supplying the nose and superior labial branches supplying the nares

A

Anterior Ethmoidal branches

44
Q

Very vascular portion of the nasal cavity and a common site of nosebleeds.

A

Kiesselbach’s area

45
Q

Give resonance to the voice and lighten the skull

A

Paranasal sinuses

46
Q

Sinus that drains into the middle meatus via the hiatus semilunaris

A

Maxillary

47
Q

Sinus that drains into the middle meatus via the hiatus semilunaris

A

Frontal

48
Q

Ethmoid or ethmoidal air cells, of which there may be 3-18 cavities

A
  1. Anterior - drains into the middle meatus via the hiatus semilunaris
  2. Middle - drains into the middle meatus at an opening on the summit of the ethmoid bulla
  3. Posterior - drains into the superior meatus
49
Q

Sinus that drains into the sphenoethmoidal recess

A

Sphenoid

50
Q

Groove that runs from the top of the lip to the nose

A

Philtrum

51
Q

Soft tissue that attaches the upper lip to the anterior surface of the maxillary gingiva.

A

Superior labial frenulum

52
Q

The connecting tissue between the inside lower lip and gums of the bottom teeth

A

Lower labial frenulum

53
Q

Corner of the mouth, where the vermillion border of the superior labium (upper lip) meets that of the inferior labium (lower lip)

A

Labial commissure

54
Q

Name the major muscle surrounding the lips

A

Orbicularis oris

AFN Anatomy (5 decks)

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