Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence (USMI)

Question 1

Forsee, JAVMA, 2013:
Prevalence of urinary incontinence in spayed female dogs

1. Prevalence of urinary incontinence in spayed female dogs?
2. Dogs over what weight were 7 times as likely to develop acquired urinary incontinence?

Answer 1

Forsee, JAVMA, 2013:

1. Prevalence of urinary continence in spayed female dogs: 5%
2. Dogs >15kg were 7 times as likely to develop acquired urinary incontinence

Question 2

Reeves, Vet Surg, 2013:
Artificial urethral sphincter placement

What % of dogs developed partial urethral obstruction post-op?

Answer 2

Reeves, Vet Surg, 2013:

7% developed partial urethral obstruction post-op

Question 3

Currao, Vet Surg, 2013:
Urethral hydraulic occluder

1. What % of dogs did not require inflation to achieve continence?
2. What % of dogs developed urethral obstruction as a complication?

Answer 3

Currao, Vet Surg, 2013:

1. 33% did not require inflation to achieve continence
2. 17% developed urethral obstruction as a complication

Question 4

Martinoli, Vet Surg, 2014:
Combined urethropexy and colposuspension

1. What % of dogs had an excellent mid-term outcome?
2. What % of dogs had a good mid-term outcome?
3. What % of dogs had mild transient dysuria post-op?
4. Location of the sutures?

Answer 4

Martinoli, Vet Surg, 2014:

1. 70% excellent outcome
2. 27% good outcome
3. 10% had mild transient dysuria post-op
4. Sutures were placed: urethra to linea alba, urethra to prepubic tendon, vagina to prepubic tendon

Question 5

Wilson, JAVMA, 2016:
Hydraulic occluder

Complications?

Answer 5

Wilson, JAVMA, 2016:

Complications: cystoscopy-associated urethral tear, constipation, stranguria, hematuria, UTI

Question 6

Byron, JVIM, 2017:
USMI in neutered female dogs

1. Were heavier or lighter dogs at increased risk of USMI?
2. Neutering bitches later in the first year may decrease the hazard of developing USMI in dogs expected to be over what weight as adults?

Answer 6

Byron, JVIM, 2017:

1. Heavier dogs were at increased risk of USMI
2. Neutering bitches later in the first year may decrease the hazard of developing USMI in dogs expected to be >25kg as adults

Question 7

Hamon, Vet Surg, 2019:
Transobturator vaginal tape inside out

1. 1-year post-op continence rate?
2. Recurrence rate?

Answer 7

Hamon, Vet Surg, 2019:

1. 1-year post-op continence rate: 58%
2. Recurrence rate: 50% at a median of 2 months post-op