URINALYSIS Flashcards
Provides a simple, rapid means for performing routine chemical tests on urine
Reagent strips
Quality Control of Reagent strips
Running positive and negative control every 24 hours (ideal: every shift)
What are the parameters in reagent strips?
Bilirubin
Glucose
Ketones
Specific Gravity
pH
Protein
Blood
Urobilinogen
Nitrite
Leukocyte Esterase
Principle of Bilirubin
Diazo Reaction
Principle of Glucose
Double Sequential Enzymatic Reaction
Principle of Ketones
Sodium Nitroprusside Reaction
Principle of Specific Gravity
(pKa) Dissociation constant change of a polyelectrolyte
Principle of pH
Double Indicator System
Principle of Protein
Protein Error of Indicator
Principle of Blood
Pseudoperoxidase activity of Hemoglobin
Principle of Urobilinogen
Ehrlich’s Reaction
Principle of Nitrite
Greiss Reaction
Principle of Leukocyte Esterase
Leukocyte Esterase
Bilirubin False Positive Interferences
Highly pigmented urine
Phenazopyridine
Indicant
Metabolites of iodine
Bilirubin False Negative Interferences
Exposure to light
High concentration of nitrite
High concentration of ascorbic acid
Glucose False Positive Interferences
Oxidizing Agents
Detergents
Glucose False Negative Interferences
High levels of ascorbic acid
ketones
High SG
Ketones False Positive Interferences
Highly pigmented red urine
Pthalein dyes
Medications with sulfhydryl groups
Levodopa
Ketones False Negative Interferences
Improperly preserved specimens
Specific Gravity False Positive Interferences
High concentration of protein
Specific Gravity False Negative Interferences
Highly alkaline urine
Protein False Positive Interferences
Highly pigmented specimen
Phenazopyridine
Antiseptics
Chlorhexidine
High SG
Protein False Negative Interferences
Presence of proteins other than albumin
Blood False Positive Interferences
Oxidizing agent
Bacterial peroxidases
Menstrual Contamination
Blood False Negative Interferences
High SG
Formalin
High concentration of nitrite
High concentration of ascorbic acid
Urobilinogen False Positive Interferences
Ehrlich reactive compounds;
porphobilinogen
indicant
sulfonamides
methyldopa
Urobilinogen False Negative Interferences
Old specimen
Preservation with formalin
High concentration of nitrite
Nitrite False Positive Interferences
Oxidizing agent
Formalin
Nitrofurantoin
Nitrite False Negative Interferences
High concentration of ascorbic acid
Presence of antibiotic
High SG
Leukocyte Esterase False Positive Interferences
Oxidizing agents
Formalin
Nitrofurantoin
Leukocyte Esterase False Negative Interferences
High concentration of ;
protein
ascorbic acid
glucose
oxalic acid
gentamicin
