Urinary Casts

Question 1

cast that is normally seen in urine

Answer 1

Hyaline Casts

Question 2

Normal value of hyaline casts in urine

Answer 2

0-2/LPF

Question 3

Hyaline Casts Normally increased in:

Answer 3

strenuous exercise, dehydration, heat exposure, emotional stress

Question 4

Hyaline Casts Pathologically increased in:

Answer 4

Acute glomerulonephritis, Pyelonephritis, Chronic renal disease, CHF

Question 5

color of Unstained Hyaline Casts

Answer 5

colorless

Question 6

color of Sternheimer-Malbin stain in hyaline cast

Answer 6

pink

Question 7

Greater stasis of urine

Answer 7

Blood Cast

Question 8

under LPO, Blood cast can seen as ___ ____ color

Answer 8

orange red color

Question 9

Blood casts that orange red color is indication of __________

Answer 9

bleeding within in the nephron

Question 10

RBC Casts seen in healthy body with strenuous exercise is __

Answer 10

Physiologic/normal

Question 11

associated with proteinuria and dysmorphic erythrocytes

Answer 11

Glomerular damage (glomerulonephritis)

Question 12

Usually neutrophil may appear as granular

Answer 12

WBC Casts

Question 13

Non-Bacterial Inflammation

Answer 13

Acute interstitial Nephritis *RBC casts

Question 14

Bacterial inflammation

Answer 14

Pyelonephritis *with bacteria

Question 15

Signifies infection or inflammation within the nephron

Answer 15

WBC Casts

Question 16

(upper UTI)

Answer 16

pyelonephritis

Question 17

(lower UTI)

Answer 17

cystitis

Question 18

Associated with pyelonephritis and are primary marker for distinguishing pyelonephritis (upper UTI) from cystitis (lower UTI)

Answer 18

WBC Casts

Question 19

Bacterial casts containing bacilli both within and bound to the protein matrix

Answer 19

Pyelonephritis

Question 20

Pure bacterial cast or mixed with WBCs

Answer 20

Pyelonephritis

Question 21

May resemble granular cast

Answer 21

Bacterial Casts

Question 22

Confirmation stain used to diff. bacterial casts to granular casts

Answer 22

Gram stain

Question 23

Significant Epithelial Casts

Answer 23

Cast containing RTE cells

Question 24

Indication of Significant Epithelial Casts

Answer 24

Advance tubular obstruction

Question 25

Fatty casts + Oval fat bodies + Free fat Droplets =

Answer 25

Lipiduria

Question 26

Fatty Casts Frequently associated with:

Answer 26

Nephrotic syndrome

Question 27

Fatty Casts can also be seen in:

Answer 27

toxic tubular necrosis, DM and crush injuries

Question 28

Casts containing multiple cell types

Answer 28

Mixed Cellular Casts

Question 29

Mixed Cellular Casts in glomerulonephritis

Answer 29

RBC and WBC casts

Question 30

Mixed Cellular Casts in pyelonephritis

Answer 30

WBC and RTE cell casts or WBC and bacterial casts

Question 31

Result of cellular disintegration

Answer 31

Granular Casts

Question 32

If left for a longer time in the tubules it will resemble as waxy cast

Answer 32

Granular Casts

Question 33

Increase cellular metabolism occurring during periods of strenuous exercise accounts for the transient increase of granular casts that accompany the increased hyaline cast

Answer 33

Granular Casts

Question 34

Fragmented with jagged ends and have notches on sides

Answer 34

Waxy Casts

Question 35

Waxy Casts Indication of Extreme urine stasis

Answer 35

Extreme urine stasis (Chronic renal failure)

Question 36

Supravital stain in Waxy Casts will appear___

Answer 36

Homogenous dark pink

Question 37

“Renal failure casts”

Answer 37

Broad Casts

Question 38

Presence of Broad Casts will indicate as ____

Answer 38

Destruction “widening” of the tubular walls