Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Renal > Urinary Continence and Renal System Pain > Flashcards

Urinary Continence and Renal System Pain Flashcards

(80 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Give 3 uses of motor function in the renal system?

A

Internal and external urethral sphincters

Bladder wall contraction by detrusor muscles

Ureteric peristalsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pain from the kidneys, ureters and bladder is sensed by what type of nerve fibres?

A

Visceral afferents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Urinary continence:

a) does it involve sensory or motor fibres or both?
b) is it voluntary or involuntary?

A

a) Both
b) Voluntary (control of urine from the bladder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where and what type of nerve fibres does the lumbosacral plexus supply?

A

Sensory and motor to the perineum and lower limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which urethral sphincter is voluntary?

A

External

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of nerve fibre is:

A) Afferent?

B) Efferent?

A

A) Sensory

B) Motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sensations from our body wall are conveyed to the CNS via what type of nerve fibres?

A

Somatic sensory fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sensations from our organs are conveyed to the CNS by what nerve fibres?

A

Visceral afferents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Motor responses to the body wall are conveyed from the CNS via what nerve fibres?

A

Somatic motor fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do somatic motor fibres do?

A

Stimulate skeletal muscles (voluntary) to contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Motor responses to our organs are conveyed from the CNS via which nerve fibres?

A

Autonomic: sympathetic and parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do autonomic nerves stimulate?

A

Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Any nerve supplying a skeletal muscle is what type of nerve?

A

Somatic motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What nerve fibres are responsible for bladder contraction and ureteric peristalsis?

A

Sympathetics and parasympathetics (autonomic nerves)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of nerve fibres control:

A) The internal urethral sphincter?

B) The external urethral sphincter and levator ani muscle?

A

A) Sympathetic/parasympathetic (autonomics)

B) Somatic motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pain from the urethra is sensed by what nerve fibres?

A

Visceral afferent in the pelvis, somatic sensory in the perineum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of nerve fibres do the lumbar and sacral plexus’ supply?

A

Somatic motor and sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pain from the testis is sensed by what nerve fibres?

A

Mostly visceral afferents (small part somatic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The only means by which any type of nerve fibre can communicate with the central nervous system is what?

A

By being carried in cranial or spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which types of nerve fibres are carried the entire length of their run (from origin to destination) within cranial or spinal nerves?

A

Somatic sensory and motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which types of nerve fibres are only carried by cranial/spinal nerves for a small part of their journey, to get into/out of the CNS?

A

Autonomics (sympathetics and parasympathetics), visceral afferents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Sympathetic fibres leave the CNS where?

A

Within spinal nerves, between spinal cord levels T1-L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How do sympathetic nerves reach smooth muscle/glands of the body wall?

A

Within spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
How do sympathetic nerve fibres reach smooth muscle/glands of the body (internal environment)?
Within cardiopulmonary or abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves
26
How do sympathetic nerve fibres reach smooth muscles or glands in the head and neck?
By 'hitching a ride' with arteries which supply the same structures
27
What is a ganglion?
A collection of nerve cell bodies outwith the CNS (where the synapse takes place)
28
Where do the sympathetic chains run?
The whole length of the vertebral column
29
Sympathetic nerves travel between the sympathetic chain and where else?
The anterior rami of spinal nerves
30
Where are sympathetic ganglions found?
There is one at pretty much every vertebral level
31
Once sympathetic nerves to the kidneys, ureters and bladder have left the CNS, what happens to them?
Enter sympathetic chains but do not synapse Leave the sympathetic chains within abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves Synapse at the abdominal sympathetic ganglia which is around the abdominal aorta
32
Once sympathetic nerve fibres to the kidneys, ureters and bladder have synapsed at the abdominal sympathetic ganglion, where do they go?
Pass onto the surface of arteries which are running to the structure they need to innervate
33
What is the collection of nerve fibres found on the outside of arteries known as?
Periarterial plexus
34
Which types of nerve fibres take part in periarterial plexuses?
Sympathetics, parasympathetics and visceral afferents
35
Where do parasympathetic nerve fibres leave the CNS?
CNs III, VII, IX and X and sacral spinal nerves
36
Do parasympathetics innervate any structures in the body wall?
No
37
How do parasympathetics reach the smooth muscles and glands of the head and body?
Via cranial nerves
38
How do parasympathetic nerve fibres reach the smooth muscles and glands of the hindgut and pelvic organs?
Pelvic splanchic nerves
39
How do parasympathetic nerve fibres reach the kidneys and ureters?
Within the vagus nerve (CNX)
40
How do parasympathetic nerve fibres reach the bladder?
Pelvic splanchnic nerves
41
What are the only parts of the renal system that are supplied by somatic motor fibres?
Those within the perineum i.e. the distal urethra and its external sphincter/levator ani
42
Where is pain from the kidneys felt?
“loin”: posterior aspect of the flank region, on the affected side
43
Where is pain from the bladder usually felt?
Suprapubic region (midline)
44
Pain from a calculus obstructing a ureter can be felt where?
Radiating from 'loin to groin' on the affected side
45
Pain from the perineal part of the urethra is felt where?
Localised to the perineum
46
How do visceral afferent nerve fibres get from the kidneys to the CNS?
Run alongside sympathetic fibres to the spinal cord Enter the spinal cord between T11 and L1
47
Pain from the kidneys is felt in what pattern?
Dermatomal 'T11-L1' posteriorly
48
What is the main differential diagnosis of loin pain?
Muscular
49
How do visceral afferent fibres get from the ureters and the part of the bladder which is touching the peritoneum to the CNS? Where will pain from the ureters be felt?
Run alongside sympathetic fibres back to the spinal cord Enter between T11 and L2 Pain can be felt anywhere along this path
50
What are some differentials of groin pain?
Hernias Lymphadenopathy Testicular origin
51
52
How do visceral afferent fibres get from the part of the bladder which is not touching the peritoneum and the superior part of the urethra to the CNS?
Alongside parasympathetic fibres in spinal cord levels L2, 3, 4
53
What part of the renal system crosses the pelvic pain line?
Bladder
54
How are somatic sensory nerve fibres from the distal urethra carried to the CNS?
Within the pudendal nerve through S2, 3, 4
55
How do visceral afferent nerve fibres get from the testes to the CNS?
Alongside sympathetic fibres to spinal cord levels T10, 11
56
Pain from the testes can be felt where?
Suprapubic region and also in the groin
57
Pain from which stuctures of the urinary tract will cause a dull achy pain?
Kidneys, bladder
58
Pain from the distal urethra will be what type?
Sharp
59
The nerve fibres entering and leaving the spinal cord at what levels are responsible for urinary continence?
S2, 3, 4
60
What nerve fibre types from S2, 3, 4 play a role in urinary continence?
Parasympathetics, somatic sensory and motor, visceral afferents
61
What nerve carries somatic sensory and motor nerve fibres from S2, 3, 4?
Pudendal nerve
62
As the bladder fills, this is sensed by stretch receptors in the detrusor muscles. What nerve fibres are responsible for this?
Visceral afferents
63
Once visceral afferent nerve fibres have passed to the CNS to signal that the bladder is full a reflex takes place. What does this reflex involve?
Stimulation of the detrusor muscles to contract and inhibition of the internal urethral sphincter (in males)
64
Once it is an appropriate time to pee, there is contraction of various muscles. What nerve fibres allow this: A) Detrusor muscle? B) Internal urethral sphincter? C) External urethral sphincter and levator ani? D) Anterolateral abdominal wall muscles?
A) Parasympathetics B) Parasympathetics C) Somatic motor D) Somatic motor
65
It is the role of what nerve fibres to maintain the bladder in a relaxed state?
Sympathetics
66
The sciatic nerve arises from where? What are its nerve roots?
Sacral plexus L4-S3
67
What nerve roots form the pudendal nerve?
S2-4
68
From superior to inferior, give the 6 named nerves of the lumbar plexus?
Iliohypogastric nerve Ilioinguinal nerve Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh Genitofemoral nerve Femoral nerve Obturator nerve
69
What is the corresponding nerve root for the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves?
L1
70
What are the corresponding nerve root values for the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh?
L2, L3
71
What are the corresponding nerve root values for the genitofemoral nerve?
L1, L2
72
What are the corresponding nerve root values for the obturator and femoral nerves?
L2-L4
73
Where does the genitofemoral nerve arise from? Where does it supply?
From teh psoas major Supplies the medial aspect of the thigh
74
Where are the following nerves in relation to the psoas major muscle: A) Femoral? B) Obturator?
A) Lateral B) Medial
75
The femoral nerve passes under where to enter where?
Under the inguinal ligament to enter the anterior compartment of the thigh
76
The obturator nerve passes through where into where?
Through the obturator foramen into the medial compartment of the thigh
77
The sciatic nerve passes via where to reach where?
Via the gluteal region to enter the posterior compartment of the thigh
78
The superficial fibular nerve supplies where?
Lateral compartment of leg
79
The deep fibular nerve supplies where?
Anterior compartment of the leg
80
The tibial nerve supplies where?
The posterior compartment of the leg and intrinsic muscles of the foot

Renal (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions