Urinary/Rep Org - General Info Flashcards
(49 cards)
The adrenal cortex produces…
cortisol – metabolism
aldosterone – blood pressure
The adrenal medulla produces…
adrenaline & noradrenaline
The top of the right kidney is found bw ribs ___ and ___ and the top of the left kidney is found at rib ___.
right – 11 & 12 (sits lower bc of liver)
left – 11
Name the layers of coverings of the kidney from deep to superficial (4)
renal capsule, adipose capsule (perirenal fat), renal fascia, pararenal fat
Rapid weight loss is dangerous pertaining to the kidneys. Why? What condition is it associated with?
– hydronephrosis: excess fluid in kidney due to backup of urine
– lose weight too fast, kidneys are unsupported and drop lower, kink ureter, block drainage of urine, urine accumulates and exerts pressure on tissue
– may lead to kidney necrosis and renal failure
Flow of urine
renal cortex, renal tubule, medullary/renal pyramid, papilla of renal pyramid, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter, ureteral orifice, bladder, internal urethral sphincter, prostatic urethra, membranous urethra/external urethral sphincter, spongy urethra, external urethral orifice
Thick muscular wall of the bladder is composed of what muscle that also forms the internal urethral sphincter?
detrusor muscle
What is the area between the openings of the ureters and the neck of the urethra?
trigone (a triangular region or tissue, particularly the area at the base of the urinary bladder, between the openings of the ureters and urethra)
NS control of internal vs external urethral sphincters?
internal – involuntary, ANS control
external – voluntary
Parts and borders of male urethra?
prostatic – from IUS through prostate gland to sup aspect of EUS
membranous – from EUS to bulb of penis (bulbourethral glands on each side)
spongy – start of corpus spongiosum to external urethral orifice
Where is the female external urethral orifice located?
– bw labia minora
– just ant and sup to vaginal orifice
– inferoposterior to clitoris
Coverings of penis? (3)
– superficial (Dartos) fascia
– deep (Buck’s) fascia
– tunica albuginea (covers corpora cavernosa)
The corpora cavernosa are on what aspect of the penis?
dorsal side
(*so spongiosum is ventral, reference for penis position is as if it was erect)
Is there fat in the scrotum?
No, no fat. This is important for temperature regulation.
What is just inferior to the scrotum (thin layer of skin covering testes?)
dartos fascia (superficial)
Innervation of scrotum?
2 bb anterior – genital b of genitofemoral, ant scrotal b of ilioinguinal
2 bb posterior – post scrotal b of perineal b of pudendal n, perineal b of PFC n
What is the tunica vaginalis?
– double serous membrane (parietal and visceral layers) derived from abdominal peritoneum
– continuous into the testes
Contents of spermatic cord? (8)
***VTCDTGT
vas (ductus) deferens, testicular aa, cremasteric aa, deferential aa, testicular vv/pampiniform plexus, genital b of genitofemoral n, testicular sympathetic pathway
Fascia of spermatic cord (3)
– external spermatic fascia (continuation of EO muscle)
– cremasteric fascia (contains cremaster m)
– internal spermatic fascia (continuation of TA muscle)
Layers of scrotum? (7)
skin, superficial (Dartos) fascia, ESF, cremasteric fascia, ISF, tunica vaginalis (parietal and visceral layers)
Function of epididymis? (2)
– maturation, storing, propulsion of sperm
– contains fructose for nutrition of sperm
Epididymis innervation?
both parts of autonomic system (symp and parasymp)
Borders of vas deferens?
tail of epididymis to ejaculatory duct
Function and location of seminal vesicles?
– at the base of the bladder
– secrete a thick secretion that mixes with sperm
– seminal fluid contains fructose to help nourish sperm
