Flashcards in Urological/STD/Men and Women's Health Deck (57)
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1
Most common UTI bacteria
e. coli, p mirabilis, k pneumoniae, enterobacter, s. saprophyticus
2
Midstream bacterial count for UTI
100,000 organisms
3
Nitrites indicate what type of bacteria in sample?
Usually gram - nitrate producers
4
Hyaline cast
most common, low urine flow, dehydration, vigorous exercise
5
Type of cast - crystals
No clinical significance
6
Type of cast - RBC
Always pathological, consider glomeruloneephritis, urinary tract injury
7
Type of cast - WBC
Consider inflammation or infection such as pyelonephritis. Not a UTI
8
Type of cast - epithelial
Acute tubular necrosis (poisoinng), hepatitis
9
How long tx an uncomplicated UTI
3 days
10
What should you always do before tx pylonephritis?
Get a culture
11
Kegal exercises - How many?
3 sets of 8-12 3-4 times weekly for 15-20 weeks
12
Hallmark finding on urolithiasis (stone formation)
Severe pain waxes and wanes, may radiate to groin, testicles, suprapubic area, and labia
13
What is the gold standard for dx of urolithiasis?
Helical CT
14
Dx HIV
Establish dx with EIA or ELISA, confirmed with Western Blot
15
What live vaccines should you never give with HIV?
shingles, chicken pox, MMR
16
Lab testing with HIV
CD4 counts and viral load at dx and every 3-4 months, screen for Hep A, B, C. Glucose and lipid panel, STD assessment
17
When is HIV considered AIDS?
CD4 count less than 200
18
Bacterial vaginosis
Polymicrobial clinical syndrome resulting from replacement of natural flora with high concentrations of anaerobic bacteria
19
Hallmark sx of bacterial vaginosis?
Profuse grayish-white malodorous vaginal discharge
20
Gold standard for dx of bacterial vaginosis
gram stain absence or decreased lactobacilli
21
Treatment of bacterial vaginosis
metronidazole 500mg BID 7 days
22
Chlamydia associated with
PID, infertility, ectopic pregnancy
23
What age is Chlamydia most common in?
under 25 years old
24
Sx Chlamydia
often asymptomatic, mucopurulent cervicitis, friable cervix with pain on movement
25
What is important to do with dx of Chlamydia?
Retest in 3 months
26
Dx studies Chlamydia
NAAT with urine or vaginal swabs, DNA probe, culture
27
Tx Chlamydia
Doxycycline 100mg BID 7 days OR azithromycin 1 gram once
28
Gonorrhea sx in males
purulent urethral discharge, dysuria, testicular pain, or no symptoms
29
Gonorrhea sx in females
Often asymptomatic, endocervical discharge, dysuria, bartholins gland abcess
30
