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3rd Year > Urology > Flashcards

Urology Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

What is an Ureteral pain

A

Acute obstruction
Back pain from the renal capsular distention combined with severe colicky pain that radiates from the costovertebra, and,e down toward the lower anterior abdominal quadrant

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2
Q

Upper ureter stone

A

Radiation in testicle

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3
Q

Mid ureter stone right

A

Radiation to the mc burneys point

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4
Q

Mid ureter stone in the left

A

Radiation to the left lower quadrant

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5
Q

Distal ureter stone causes

A

Lower urinary tract stones

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6
Q

Varicocele

A

Dull testicular pain increased after heavy excecise first symptom of an indirect inguinal

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7
Q

Continues incontinence

A

An ectopic ureter that enters urethra or female genitalia, tract

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8
Q

Stress incontinence

A

Sudden leakage of urine in coughing sneezing or excercise

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9
Q

Urgency incontinence

A

Loss of urine by a strong urge cyctitis

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10
Q

Paradoxical incontinence

A

Urine dribbles out in small amounts

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11
Q

Enuresis nocturna

A

Occurs during sleep up to 3 years old children
All children other than 5 years of and 1% at age 15

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12
Q

URINARY TRACT OBSTRUCTION

A

Mechanical or functional blockage that inhibits the outflow of urine

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13
Q

What is hydronephrosis

A

Dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces

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14
Q

Types of the Antenatal hydrobeohrosis

A

Transient hydroneohrosis 40~50%
UPJo
Vesicoureteral reflux
Megaureter
PUV

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15
Q

UTEROPELVIC JUNCTION OBSTRUCTION

A

The junction between the ureter and pelvic is narrowed with a palpable abdominal mass to hydroneohrosis in neonates or large amount of diursis in older children

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16
Q

IntiAl evaluation of UTO

A

CBC
BMP
URINALYSIS

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17
Q

Imaging of UTO

A

USG
MAG3

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18
Q

MAG 3 scintigraphy

A

Dosage
Timing of furosemide
Hydration fo the patient
Bladder empty

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19
Q

UVJO MEGAURETER

A

Dilation of the ureteral lumen
Distal ureterak diameter >7mm
Normal balder outlet

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20
Q

Post urethral valves

A

Membranous folds within the urethra obstruct the outflow of urine a developmental condition
Dilation of the ureteral lumen

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21
Q

Common complication of PUV

A

Vesicouretral reflux
Recurrent Uti
Bladder dysfunction

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22
Q

Diagnosis for PUV

A

> 24 th gestational week
Keyhole sign
Increased bladder thickness
Bilateral or unilateral HN
OLIGOHYDROAMNIOSIS

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23
Q

UTO COMMON ETIOLOGIES

A

Congenital anamolie. = PUV
YOUNG CHILDREN NEPHROLITIASIS
OLDER ADULTS prostatic enlargement BPH

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24
Q

Ureterocele

Study These Flashcards
A

Cystic dilation of the distal ureter at the bladder level
1 year male
Recurrent uti
Bilateral HN
SERIAL US DEMONSATRTE INCREASED HN BILAT

25
Bacteiriuria
Bacteria in urine
26
Pyuria
Presence of WBCS in the urine Infection and inflammation in the urothelium
27
Uncomplicated UTI
Normal urinary tract Majority are women Healthy patient Acute pyelonephritis Recurrent bacterial cystitis
28
Complicated uti
Men majority Abnormal urine Bacteria maybe have increased virulence
29
Golden standard for uti
Quantitative culture of urine
30
Acute pyleonephritis
Infection of the renal pelvis and paracnhyma bacterial infection of the bladder Flank pain Costovertebra, angle Fever Pyuria and bacteria
31
Symptoms of Acute cyctitis
Suprapubic oain Dysuria Frequency Urgency
32
Acute cystitis
Infection the bladder More common in women
33
Acute bacterial prostatitis
Inflammation of the prostate Third most coo in men older then 50 yrs Fever perineal pain Myalgia E. Coli is the most common cause
34
Urethritis
Urethral inflammation from infections Dysuria Urethra pruritus Urethral discharge
35
Epididymitis
Sexually active men < 36 years Inflammatory hydrocele and palpable swelling of the epididymis Unilateral he is royal pain and tenderness
36
Most frequently seen benign renal lesion
Renal cysts
37
Renal cysts
Male HT Renal failure 70% asymtomatic
38
Most common cause of perirenal hemorrhage among renal masses 25%
Angiomyolipoma
39
Most frequent solid lesion
Renal cell carcinoma
40
RCC
90% renal malignancies 60-70 years of age Comprises 2-3% of all cancers
41
RCC ETIOLOGY
Smoking Obesity Hypertension
42
What are the familia RCC SYNDROMES
Von hippel lindue Hereditary papillary rcc Familial leiomyomztosis Birt Hogg dube
43
What’ is important for good prognosis
Fuhrman grading Size Ashley and nucleiolar feature
44
Pathological subtypes RCC
Clear cell RCC 80%-90% Papillary RCC 10-15% Chromiphobe RCC 3%-5
45
Diagnosis
Palpable abdominal mass Palpable cervical LAP NON DAIRNALBLE RIGHT SIDED VARICocele and lower extremity edema
46
Wilms tumor
Childhood tumor Comprises 10% of all childhood malignancies Rare in Adults Most diagnosed at the age 3,5 yrs
47
Urothiliasis
Formation of urinary calculi Renal bladder and urethral Common types are calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate
48
Urinary stones are most commonly composed of
Calcium oxalate
49
Les common stones
Uric acid Struvite Calcium phosphate Cystine
50
Risk factors for stone formation
Low fluid intake High sodium High purine Low potassium diets raise ca Uric acid and oxalate which lead to stone formation
51
Which patients have 70% Chances of stones
RTA TYPE 1 Urine acidification
52
Diagnosis of urotheliais
CT ABDOMEN AND PELVIS WITHOUT CONTRAST
53
Presentation of stones
Flank pain Hematuria Recurrent UTI INFECTIVE COMPLICTAION FEVER Vomiting
54
Which drug is contraindicated in the colic pain
Pethidine
55
Shock wave lithotripsy contraindications
Pregnancy Bleeding diathesis Untreated uti Morbid obesity Arterial aneurism Severe musculoskeletal malformations
56
Types of renal abscess’s
Perinephric ruptures out into the perineohric space Paraneohric extends beyond the gerotas fascia Renal abscess from heamatigenkus spread of staphylococci from infected skin lesion
57
What is a pynoneohrosis
Air- fluid levels in a dilated pelvicalceyal system Pis filled kidney Percutaneous nephrostomy tube is preferable for the drainage of the infected portion
58
How long does the uncomplicated cases take for medical treatment and complicated cases
Uncomplicated cases 6 months Complicated cases 9-12 months
59
TYPES OF STIS
Urethitis and Cervictis Epididymitis Genitalia ulcers HOV HIV

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