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History of Interiors Final > USA Modernism > Flashcards

USA Modernism Flashcards

(95 cards)

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1
Q

MODERNISM IN AMERICA

A

Eclectic historicism based on the concepts of Paris Ecole des Beaux Arts

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2
Q

Knoll, Herman Miller

A

Modern furniture manufacturers

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3
Q

The work of Sullivan and Wright was…

A

ignored in the turn of the century

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4
Q

Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer were…

A

invited to Harvard University in 1937 Gropius became the head of the Graduate School

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5
Q

Mies van der Rohe became…

A

Director of Architecture at Armour Institute (1938)

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6
Q

Large architectural firms…

A

(Skidmore, Owings, and Merril) founded in 1936

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7
Q

IRVING GILL

A

(1870-1936)

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8
Q

IRVING GILL work

A

His work attracted little contemporary attention

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9
Q

IRVING GILL Interiors

A

with modern sensibilities
Simple, unornamented interiors
White walls, smooth wooden panels without moldings
Sometimes arched openings

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10
Q

Scripps House location + date

A

La Jolla, 1917

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11
Q

Scripps House designer

A

Irving Gill

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12
Q

Barnsdall House (Hollyhock) House date and location

A

Los Angeles, 1916-21

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13
Q

Barnsdall House (Hollyhock) House designer

A

Frank Lloyd Wright

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14
Q

Frank Lloyd Wright design ideas

A

Relies on geometry
Focus on horizontal more verses vertical
Designed everything relating to the building

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15
Q

Falling water date and location

A

Bear Run, Pennsylvania, 1936

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16
Q

Falling Water designer

A

Frank Lloyd Wright

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17
Q

Falling Water features

A

Retreat for wealthy family
Works with nature not fighting with it
Removes walls as much as possible
Emphasis on the views

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18
Q

Taliesen date + location

A

Spring Green, Wisconsin, 1925

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19
Q

Johnson Wax Building location + date

A

Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9

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20
Q

Taliesen designer

A

Frank Lloyd Wright

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21
Q

Johnson Wax Building Designer

A

Frank Lloyd Wright

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22
Q

Johnson Wax Building features

A

Experiments with structural elements
Columns are shaped almost mushroom like
Starts to design modern office spaces like cubicles

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23
Q

Lovell House location + date

A

Los Angeles, 1927-9

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24
Q

Lovell House designer

A

Richard Josef Neutra

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25
Lovell House features
The first clear example of the International Style in the United States Detachment from the context in which it existed What that means to the design
26
Showroom, Andrew Geller Shoe Factory date + location
Brooklyn, 1928
27
Showroom, Andrew Geller Shoe Factory designer
William Lescaze
28
Reconstruction of Kurt Schwitter’s Merzbau by
Peter Bissenger
29
Original Merzbau date
ca. 1930-37
30
Merzbau dates
destroyed 1943, reconstruction 1981-83
31
Reconstruction of Kurt Schwitter’s Merzbau location
Sprengel Museum , Hanover
32
MUSEUM OF MODERN ART location + date
New York, 1939
33
MUSEUM OF MODERN ART designer
Philip Goodwin (1885-1958)
34
MUSEUM OF MODERN ART opening
The museum was opened in 1931 and became a strong influence
35
Philip Goodwin
(1885-1958)
36
Gropius House location + date
Lincoln, Massachusetts, 1937
37
Gropius House Designer
Walter Gropius
38
Terrace Plaza Hotel date + location
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1945
39
Terrace Plaza Hotel designers
Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill
40
First Christian (Tabernacle) Church date + location
Columbus, Indiana, 1942
41
First Christian (Tabernacle) Church designers
Eilel and Eero Saarinen
42
First Christian (Tabernacle) Church feature
Light and shadow influences the interior
43
TWA Terminal, Kennedy Airport, date + location
New York, 1956-62
44
TWA Terminal, Kennedy Airport desinger
Eero Saarinen
45
TWA Terminal, Kennedy Airport features
More “plastic” forms Reinforced concrete Curves reminiscent
46
Furniture designed by Charles & Ray Eames
1940s-1950s Making future comfortable without the need of fabric Fiberglass molded curved chairs Shelving Could be unique and changed custom for the user
47
Florence Knoll
Established the knoll furniture company Simple modern furniture mainly for the office environment
48
Tulip Chair
1953 Eero Saarienen Forms represented speed and movement Welcoming to the human body
49
Eero Saarienen
Son of Finnish architect Eliel Saarinen. Was educated at Cranbrook Academy of Art. Eliel became the president of Cranbrook in 1932
50
Cranbrook Academy of Art
Michigan
51
Joe Colombo
Furniture designer 1970s
52
Joe Colombo furniture details
Modular in design and can be changed by the user Colors are representative of the 70’s Shipping of the forms is very compact Making it more affordable
53
The Great Depression dates
(1929-1941)
54
What affected Art Deco
Fascination with progress and future fueled Art Deco Interest in means of transportation and aerodynamic forms
55
World War II dates
(1939-1945)
56
World War II effects to design
The war limited design activity in US and brought it to a virtual stop in Europe Following war: New buildings to be built, existing spaces to be remodeled (The expansion of programs in colleges, hospitals, etc. created an extensive need for interior design work
57
Modernism with a basis in the International style became...
the norm of professional design work.
58
modernism post ww2
Modernism with a basis in the International style became the norm of professional design work.
59
modernism post ww2 materials
A willingness to move beyond the vocabulary of flat roof lines, white walls, and maximal glass Suburban sprawl (in the United States) Synthetic materials became available: Plastics, synthetic fiber carpets, vinyl flooring, melamine, fiberglass, etc. Dry-wall (sheet rock), and acoustical ceiling panels (suspended panels) became widely used.
60
modernism post ww2 mechanical
Traditional dependence on natural climate systems (cross ventilation, orientation, etc.) was replaced by mechanical air conditioning systems. Fluorescent lighting came into acceptance in business interiors, kitchens, and bathrooms
61
modernism post ww2 worldwide
Design became truly international: an increasing flow of information Italy became a leading center for post-war design (especially furniture)
62
modernism post ww2 restaurants
Restaurant design has become a specialized aspect of interior design
63
modernism post ww2 interior designer
Mario Buatta (b. 1935), Mark Hampton (1940-98), and Angelo Donghia (1935-85) –American interior designers known for their lush interiors (eclectic design language)
64
Mario Buatta
(b. 1935) interior designer
65
Mark Hampton
(1940-98) interior designer
66
Angelo Donghia
(1935-85) interior designer
67
modernism dates
1920s Emergence of Modernism 1930s-1940 its rise 1960s-1980s Dominance of Modernism
68
failures of modernism
Modern design was accused of ignoring the needs and desires of occupants and users in pursuit of abstract ideals that has more significance among professionals than among a wider public (avant-garde) Failure of vast housing projects
69
SAS Royal Hotel date + location
Copenhagen, 1956-61
70
SAS Royal Hotel designer
Arne Jacobsen (1902-71)
71
Arne Jacobsen
(1902-71) leading Danish Architect
72
Guggenheim Museum date + location
New York, 1949-1960
73
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum designer
Frank Lloyd Wright
74
Pirelli Tower date + designer
1955-9 Gio Ponti
75
Villa Arreaza date + location
Caracas, 1956
76
Villa Arreaza designer
Gio Ponti
77
MIT Chapel date + location
Cambridge, 1955
78
MIT Chapel designer
Eero Saarinen
79
The Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Assumption date + location
San Francisco, California, 1971
80
The Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Assumption designers
Pier Luigi Nervi, Pietro Belluschi
81
National Airlines Terminal, John F. Kennedy International Airport date + location
Queens, NY, 1972
82
National Airlines Terminal, John F. Kennedy International Airport designers
I. M. Pei & Partners
83
Queen Elizabeth II Great Court, British Museum date + location
London, 2001
84
Queen Elizabeth II Great Court, British Museum designers
Nigel Young/Foster and Partners
85
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library date + location
Yale University, 1963
86
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library designer
Gordon Bunshaft (SOM)
87
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library features
Exterior material allows very little light in due to the need to avoid direct light on the books
88
Exeter Library date + location
New Hampshire, 1967-72
89
Exeter Library designer
Louis I. Kahn Designed buildings so that no brick needed to be cut
90
LATE MODERNISM
Does not imitate the Modern pioneers Rejects post-modernism
91
LATE MODERNISM designers
I. M. Pei Richard Meier Philippe Starck Rem Koolhaas
92
East Wing, National Gallery of Art date + location
Washington D.C., 1968-78
93
East Wing, National Gallery of Art
I. M. Pei
94
Pyramid, Louvre Museum date + location
Paris, 1983-9
95
Pyramid, Louvre Museum
I. M. Pei

History of Interiors Final (12 decks)

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