Study Guide Flashcards
(187 cards)
1
Q
Room from Kirtlington Park style
A
Georgian
2
Q
Room from Kirtlington Park date
A
1748, near Oxford, England
3
Q
Room from Kirtlington Park designer
A
John Sanderson
4
Q
Osterley Park Design Style
A
Neo-Classical
5
Q
Osterley Park dates + location
A
Middlesex 1762-1769
6
Q
Osterley Park Designers
A
James and Robert Adam
7
Q
Georgian Town Houses date
A
1730’s-1820’s
8
Q
Georgian Town Houses shape
A
Large row-houses, usually 4-5 stories high
Facing on the square and major streets
9
Q
Georgian Town Houses Servant work spaces location
A
Service spaces (kitchen, laundry, etc.) in the basement
10
Q
Georgian Town Houses public space locations
A
Spaces for the entertainment of guests (Formal reception rooms, dining room) was on the ground floor
11
Q
Georgian Town Houses private space 1 locations
A
Private spaces (master bedroom) on the third
12
Q
Georgian Town Houses important public space locations
A
Even more important public spaces (largest formal entertaining rooms) were located on the second floor
13
Q
Georgian Town Houses private space 2 locations
A
Private spaces (children’s bedrooms, guest bedrooms) on the fourth floor
14
Q
Georgian Town Houses servant living space locations
A
Servants’ living quarters were located at the top of the house
15
Q
Georgian Town Houses back stair use
A
Back stairs to be used by the servants
16
Q
English Baroque and Rococo design styles
A
William and Mary Style 1680s-1700
Queen Anne Style 1700-30s
Georgian Style 1730s-1810s
17
Q
William and Mary Style New chair type
A
Wing-back chair appears
18
Q
William and Mary Style more _____ types appear
A
Various types of desks appear
19
Q
William and Mary Highboy
A
a drawer cabinet raised on legs
20
Q
What continued to be used during the Queen Anne Style from William and Mary Style
A
Wing-back chairs, desks continued to be in use
21
Q
Queen Anne Style new chair
A
The Windsor chair was widely used
22
Q
Georgian house type
A
Modest town houses
23
Q
Modest town houses important
A
Beginnings of middle class
New urban condition
24
Q
Georgian furniture
A
Restrained design
25
Georgian furniture details
Cabriole legs, ball and claw feet, carved lions’ heads were in use.
26
Thomas Chippendale
(1718-1778) Cabinetmaker and designer
27
George Hepplewhite
(1720s-1786) Cabinetmaker, designer
28
James and Robert Adam
James: (1721-1792) Robert: (1728-1792)
Architect, interior designer and furniture designers
29
Design style that the Adam Bros created and when
Early Neo-Classical 1770’s
30
Thomas Sheraton
(1751-1806) Cabinetmaker, designer
31
Pair of George III (Georgian) Giltwood Armchairs designers
James and Robert Adam
32
Pair of George III (Georgian) Giltwood Armchairs made by
Thomas Chippendale
33
Pair of George III (Georgian) Giltwood Armchairs curve types
S and C curves
34
Pair of George III (Georgian) Giltwood Armchairs design features
Cabriole leg
Ball and claw feet
Coquille - shell work
Manchettes on arms
35
Manchettes on arms
upholstered arms
36
American Georgian Houses Features
Built either brick or wood
Renaissance-based European models: Symmetrical planning, ornamental detail, often a Palladian window , scrolled pediments over the doors and mantles
Started to look at Greece and Roman architecture
37
Salt-Box House features
Symmetrical facade
Looks like 2 stories from the front 1 story from the back
38
Ladder back chair
Woven seat
39
High boy cabinet
Curved leg design
40
Gate leg table
Leaves to open for more space if needed
41
Georgian chairs in The Powel House
Bright red textiles
Animal feet on feet of chair
42
Highboy and lowboy
Rococo inspired details
43
Tall-case clock
Shows wealth and value of time
Could have a clock taking up much less space, but chooses to have a larger clock
44
Bed alco
bed in between two spaces
45
How has the parlor changed since we last saw it in Europe
Parlors used to be small informal spaces and now they are large formal meeting spaces
46
dougong
brackets
47
Chinese use of dougong (brackets)
a functional and decorative element; was later adapted by Korea and Japan
48
shoji
sliding doors
49
Japan furniture use
Not as suitable for use of furniture: Spaces are divided with shoji (sliding doors) therefore there is no strict definition of spaces
50
Ondol
(under floor heating)
51
Korea women's space
anchae
52
Korea men's space
sarangchae
53
Tatami
floor mat -3’x6’
54
Tatami floor mat -3’x6’
Made of straw
Determines size of space
55
Japan furniture use
Traditionally no use of furniture (tatami mats) Great mobility of furniture
56
REGENCY
associated with England
1810s-1830 (The transitional period between Georgian and 19th century developments)
Neoclassicism of the late 18th century; draws its form from Greek and Roman precedents with a mixture of elements drawn from more “exotic” sources such as Egypt, Chinese, Moorish.
Playful, and decorative style
Eclectic languages: Chinese wallpaper, bamboo furniture, Moorish style domes, etc.
19th century victorianism was very important to england and us
57
DIRECTOIRE DATE
1795-1799
58
DIRECTOIRE definition
The post-revolutionary style named for the form of government that in 1794 followed the Reign of Terror
59
DIRECTOIRE features
Sparse detailing in interiors and furniture modeled after Roman design elements
60
Regency FURNITURE
Strongly influenced by French Directoire and Empire styles
Inspiration from Greek, Roman, Egyptian, Indian, medieval Gothic.
Mahogany and rosewood were favorite species; used usually as veneers
Decorative inlays and ornamental details in brass
Black and gilded finishes
61
The Panthéon (Ste. –Geneviève) DATE + LOCATION
Paris 1758-1790
62
The Panthéon construction
Construction started by the order of Louis XV
Jacques-Germain Soufflot (Architect)
63
The Panthéon building style and what precedents
Neo-classical Building
Roman and Greek precedents
64
What was The Panthéon’s original purpose
Initially housed relics and was used as a church.
Dechristianized and converted into the purest expression of the radical Enlightenment in stone
65
Why was The Panthéon changed
Architecture is highly political and post revolution they needed it changed to match the new ideas of the time
66
new use of the Panthéon
Dedicated to the great men of France –a secular temple, a shrine to human reason and human progress
67
The Panthéon symbol
symbolized an entire approach to modernity.
68
Three legged table =
Roman
69
Busts =
roman
70
Swan =
Empire
71
Gilded and crimson/saturated colors =
Empire
72
Das Altes Museum (Old Museum), Date
1824-30
73
Das Altes Museum (Old Museum) designer
Karl Friedrich Schinkel (1781-1841)
74
Korean seating
No use of chairs, elevated tables or beds
75
Korean furniture
Use of low shelves, writing tables, and storage units
76
Korean Gendered furniture
Furniture for use of men tend to be austere, functional but not ornamented, with natural wood finishes whereas women’s furniture is more colorful, lacquer finishes, more colorful wood species, ornamental knobs, handles, etc.
77
Changdeok Palace furniture location
The visible furniture pieces were placed in subsidiary room and used there
78
Kings Folding Chair
used by the royal family for special events
colored with red lacquer
portable folding chair
handles and back has embellished decorations
79
During Ming and Qing dynasties furniture was…
elevated from being merely a functional object to an art form
80
Chinese furniture
Attention to wood grain patterns, innovation in joinery
negotiates the balance between human body and space
Raised seating conveyed a an impression of authority
Use of softwoods and lacquer or hardwoods + fine grain = no lacquer
Structure exposed - can see exactly how it is constructed
81
Chinese Furniture types
Folding Horseshoe chair
Three-Seater Folding Settee
82
Chinese furniture size
No mobility of furniture: Larger pieces with hand-carved details
83
Korean Furniture
Furniture is lifted up off the floor with short legs
Some mobility of furniture
84
VICTORIAN TASTE
Sense of fantasy
Favored vertical emphasis
Eclectic
Abundance of fabrics
Plethora of objects being displayed
Asymmetry rather than symmetry
Emphasis on interior
85
Thonet Chair
In Austria, the Thonet brothers developed the technique of using steam in pressure chambers that made it possible to to bend thin strips of solid wood into curved forms
86
Thonet Chair features
Strong
Light
inexpensive
Supported more leisure
Good for public spaces such as cafe and restaurants
Also used in informal residential interiors
87
Sofa in Rococo revival style attributed to
John Henry Belter
88
Sofa in Rococo style features
Proportions
Victorians favored verticality
Detailing
Enlongated
Ribbed details
More voids
Carvings stretched
89
William Morris
(1834-1896)-graphic designer, textile designer, design firm owner
90
Philip Webb
(1831-1915)-architect
91
Christopher Dresser
(1834-1904)-graphic artist, industrial designer
92
Edward W. Goodwin
(1833-1886)-furniture designer
93
Charles Francis Annesley Voysey
(1857-1941)-architect, furniture designer, graphic designer
94
Red House location + date
London, 1859-1860
95
Red House architect and owner
Philip Webb designed for William Morris
96
Red House features
House was deigned from inside out
Function of interiors drive design
Not concerned about arch shell
Understand how roof works
Architecture revealed
97
Red House Result
BOTH THE FORMALITIES OF CLASSICISM AND THE PICTURESQUENESS OF THE GOTHIC HAVE BEEN REJECTED
98
Red House exterior features
Plain exterior: Red brick walls and red tiled roof with no ornamentation
Placement of windows and doors are strictly the result of internal function
The pointed arch of an opening is a real arch
The chimneys serve actual fireplaces
Large and small windows relate to the spaces within
The well house on the lawn serves a real water well
Irregular floor plan is a result of functional realities
99
Gamble House location + date
Pasadena, California, 1908
100
Gamble House
Greene & Greene
101
Design philosophy of Gable House
Victorian spaces had an emphasis on the vertical
Now transitioning to the horizontal
Some ornamentation, but it has to be meaningful
Entire house reveals how it is constructed - very honest and clear design
102
Cabinet, 1861 Designers
Philip Webb (British, 1831–1915),
Designer; Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co.,
Maker; Sir Edward Burne-Jones (British, 1833–1898), Painter
103
Cabinet, 1861 made in + materials
Made in England
Painted pine, oil paint on leather, brass, copper
104
Mortise and tenon joint
A mortise and tenon joint connects two pieces of wood or other material. mainly when the adjoining pieces connect at right angles.
105
Coquille
shell work
106
Palais Stoclet DATE + LOCATION
Brussels, 1905-11
107
Palais Stoclet Designer
Josef Hoffmann
108
Palais Stoclet art work on walls by
Gustav Klimt
109
Palais Stoclet features
not too curvilinear
starting art deco + modernism
straight lines
110
Casa Batlló Floor Plan
traditional in some ways
some angles make space difficult to use
111
Casa Batlló DATE + LOCATION
Barcelona, 1904-06
112
Casa Batlló designer
Antoni Gaudi
113
Casa Batlló features
highly animated spaces
curves
114
Masson House DATE + LOCATION
Nancy, France, 1903-14
115
Masson House designer
Eugène Vallin
116
Masson House features
Intricate ironwork, floral motifs, and curves
stained glass as a decorative element
curvilinear forms - curved walls, arches, and other organic shapes
delicate carvings
117
Art Nouveau Furniture
strange looking
spaces these pieces were in are most likely gone, but museums collect the furniture left
118
Kolomon Moser When and Who
(1868-1918)
Austrian-Hungarian artist, Vienna Secession
pieces look art nouveau and art deco/modernism
119
Dining Room DATE + DESIGNER
1900
Hector Guimard
120
Chaise “Escargot” DATE + DESIGNER
1902
Carlo Bugatti
121
Bentwood Morris Chair Designer
Josef Hoffmann
122
Gesamtkunswerk
(Total work of art)
123
The Dadaist felt that…
reason, logic, and Western ideals of progress had led to the disaster of world war, and that the only way forward was through political anarchy, the natural emotions, the intuitive, and the irrational.
124
Dada was first and foremost a…
response to the brutal, mechanized madness of war.
125
More distantly, dada can be seen as a descendant of…
Romanticism and Symbolism,
which themselves were proceeded by a thousand years or more of individuals and
movements concerned with some sort of personal, eccentric , unorthodox, mystical,
or supernatural expression.
126
Neoplasticism
(the superiority of abstract values of form and color (the primaries and black) over all naturalistic and subjective values in art)
color/contrast
no objects what so ever
127
SUPREMATISM
“the supremacy of pure feeling in creative art.”
“the visual phenomena of the objective world are, in themselves, meaningless, the significant thing is feeling, as such, quite apart from the environment in which it is called forth.
128
Villa Savoye date + location
France, 1929-31
129
Villa Savoye designer
Le Corbusier
130
Villa Savoye features
Complex, surprising, and dramatic relationships between various spaces
Modular space (Golden section)
Purist in its forms and use of color and texture
Non-traditional transitional spaces: ramp leads up to the main living spaces
Pilotis: leaving the ground under the building open
131
Pilotis
leaving the ground under the building open
132
Schröder House date + location
the Netherlands, 1924
133
Schröder House architect
Gerrit Reitveld (1888-1964)
134
Schröder House / De Stijl House features
notions of steel
sliding panels
primary colors, black, grey
windows open up interiors to exterior
natural light / views
fluid transition
135
Rue de Lota apartment features
not modern
many of her designs are modern (objects) like furniture
interiors are ART DECO
inspiration from Africa
136
Rue de Lota apartment designer
Eileen Gray
137
Rue de Lota apartment date + location
Paris 1920
138
Whitney Museum of American Art date + location
New York, 1966
139
Whitney Museum of American Art designer
Marcel Breuer
140
Rise of the museum in modernism
Ex. contemporary art museums become important
Shows society beginning to accept contemporary art
141
Although Cubist pictures may represent…
highly abstracted interpretations of the material world, they were not in themselves abstract.
142
It was Cubist art that was characterized by…
abstract, geometric forms and a technique in which various materials, often industrial in nature, are assembled rather than carved or modeled.
143
Cubism definition
an early 20th-century style and movement in art, especially painting, in which perspective with a single viewpoint was abandoned and use was made of simple geometric shapes, interlocking planes, and, later, collage.
144
Ic4 Chaise Lounge,
1929
Le Corbusier & Perriand
145
Chrysler Building location + date
1928
New York City
146
Chrysler Building Designer
William Van Alen
147
Most famous art deco building
Chrysler Building
148
Chrysler Building features
Fan designs everywhere
Stepping forms and triangle patterning
Shiny gold and marble surfaces
149
Art deco objects designer
Raymond Loewy
150
Tableware, 1939
Russel Wright
151
Skyscraper furniture, 1930s
Paul T Frankl (1878-1958)
152
Paul T Frankl
(1878-1958)
art deco furniture designer
153
Art deco furniture features
Very architectural in form - replicating what was going on in the field
Stepped forms
furniture followed architecture
Skyscraper like
Utilized zig zag patterns or other exotic patterns
Uses a lot of texture
Shows sense of skill in design
Relationship to the ground
154
Gilbert Rohde
(1894-1944)
art deco furniture designer
155
Gilbert Rohde Chest of drawers features
Orientation of veneer changes per shelf
Creates a pattern
Dresser pulls are in a fanning motion
Triangular leg
156
Kem Weber Desk features
Desk looks heavy but is attached to the ground in a light way
Triangle handles and sides
157
Kem Weber
(1889-1936)
art deco furniture designer
158
Dressing table
Jacques-Emile Ruhlmann
Feminine
Place to get ready
159
Safari Chair
1933
Kaare Klint
160
Cabriole
a curved, tapering leg curving outward at the top and inward farther down so as to end in a round pad, the semblance of an animal's paw, or some other feature: used especially in the first half of the 18th century
161
German (Barcelona) Pavilion date + location
Barcelona,
1929
162
German (Barcelona) Pavilion designer
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
163
German (Barcelona) Pavilion features
lack of privacy
164
City Library date + location
Viipuri, Finland, 1927
165
City Library designer
Alvar Aalto
166
Florence Knoll
Established the knoll furniture company
Simple modern furniture mainly for the office environment
167
Tulip Chair
1953
Eero Saarienen
Forms represented speed and movement
Welcoming to the human body
168
Joe Colombo
Furniture designer 1970s
169
Joe Colombo furniture details
Modular in design and can be changed by the user
Colors are representative of the 70’s
Shipping of the forms is very compact
Making it more affordable
170
Who is Josephine?
Napoleon’s wife
170
Josephine’s Bedroom features
Lots of textiles
Tent-like in design
Shape of room is a unique form and shape
Bed is lifted on a base
171
Why is Josephine’s Bedroom tent shaped
Reminiscent of Egyptian expeditions that Napoleon would take
Also looks like Ottoman empire
Famous for tents
Very large and luxurious
172
Josephine’s Bedroom hierarchy
Bed is lifted on a base
Hierarchical and shows importance of person sleeping there
173
Josephine’s Bedroom dishonesty
Dishonest space because the building the room is in is not a tent
Changes later with architecture being more honest
174
Library, Malmaison designers
Charles Percier & Pierre-François Léonard Fontaine
175
Josephine de Beauharnais (1763-1814) in Malmaison painter
Baron François Gérard, ca. 1801
176
what does the painting Josephine de Beauharnais in Malmaison show us
Dresses are no longer structured as much
Fabrics are looser and more comfortable
Fabrics are also thinner in material
She is sitting more relaxed
177
gapura
a massive tower, an entry gate
178
Gopura, Meenakshi Temple, Madurai features
A gapura
Thousand Pillar Hall
179
maru
Wooden floor used to store grains (Traditional Korean Houses)
180
Shinto
Japan’s oldest and native religion (the way of the Gods)
181
Shinto concept
Pureness is the single most important concept
182
Ordinary people were… (Japanese culture)
not allowed in Shinto shrines but only high priests and member of the imperial family
183
Lovell House date + Location
Los Angeles, 1927-9
184
Lovell House architect
Richard Josef Neutra
185
Lovell House importance
The first clear example of the International Style in the United States
Detachment from the context in which it existed
186
Lovell House importance: What that means to the design?
design aimed for a timeless quality that could be appreciated regardless of its location or historical period.
designing a residence that fulfilled the needs of its inhabitants without being bound by stylistic conventions of the past.
concepts such as open floor plans, indoor-outdoor living, and the integration of technology into the design
