V&G Flashcards

(164 cards)

1
Q

Abandon (v)

A

Leave, desert(v), forsake

  • The cruel son abandoned his mom, she’s alone now.
  • The house was abandoned and is empty.
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2
Q

Abundant (adj)

A

More than enough, plentiful, ample

فراوان، بسيار

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3
Q

Acclaim (v)

A

Admire, praise, commend, applaud /əˈploːd/

تحسين كردن

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4
Q

Ambiguous (adj)

A

Vague, not clear, equivocal /ɪ’kwɪvəkl/

‏مبهم، دو پهلو

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5
Q

Articulate (adj)

A

Eloquent, clear, expressive

گويا، رسا، فصيح

  • The boy could not talk very well, his words were not articulate enough.
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6
Q

Champion (n,v)

A

Hero, advocate, to support in a strong way

قهرمان، ‏دفاع كردن، حمايت كردن

  • The old man was going to represent his office. He championed their ideas.
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7
Q

Consolidate (v)

A

Make something strong, strengthen, fortify

مستحكم كردن

  • The house was old and about to collapse. It needed to be consolidate.
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8
Q

Exhaustive (adj)

A

Comprehensive

جامع، كامل

  • You can find exhaustive examples in the book, no other books are needed.
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9
Q

Exaggerate (v)

A

To mention something while making it grander, aggrandize, amplify, overstate

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10
Q

Formidable (adj)

A

Intimidating(هراس انگيز), demanding(سخت), arduous /ˈärjo͞oəs/

مهيب، ترسناك، دشوار

  • The boxer was afraid. His opponent was a formidable.
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11
Q

Illuminate (v)

A

Use light to make visible a dark places, make something clear, clarify, elucidate

  • The room was dark. Then a lamp illuminated it.
  • The question was made easy when illuminated by the teacher.
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12
Q

Insinuate (v)

A

Indirectly say something, imply, indicate

اشاره كردن، به طور ضمنى فهماندن

  • I could not understand answer. It was not direct and was insinuated.
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13
Q

Intrusive (adj)

A

An action that is intruding, affecting someone’s private life or interrupting them in an unwanted and annoying way, nosy, meddlesome

مزاحم،مخل،مداخله‌آمیز

  • My father does not tolerate intrusive behavior. He doesn’t like people who invade someone’s privacy.
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14
Q

Prevailing (adj)

A

Winning, ahead, pioneering, widespread, dominant

رايج، متدامل، غالب

  • My brother was happy at the end of the competition, since he was a fan of the prevailing team.
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15
Q

Prudent (adj) /ˈpruːdənt/

n

A

Thoughtful about future, sagacious /səˈgeiʃəs/, discreet, sensible

محتاط

  • The prudent father thought about his children future.

Prudence (احتياط)

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16
Q

Resist (v)

n
adj

A

Tolerate, bear, withstand, militate

مقاومت کردن، خودداری کردن، تاب آوردن، ایستادگی کردن

  • The army attacked the people but they resisted.

Resistance (مقاومت، ايستادگى)
Resistant (مقاوم، پايدار)

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17
Q

Saturate (v) /ˈsӕtʃəreit/

A

Soak, drench, fill

خيس كردن، اشباع كردن

  • The clothes were saturated with water.
  • Saturate the market (اشباع بازار)
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18
Q

Skeptical of/about (adj)

n

A

Dubious /ˈdjuːbiəs/, full of doubt, accepting something in a difficult way

دير باور

  • He does not trust people easily. He is skeptical.

Skeptic (شكاك)

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19
Q

Sophisticated (adj)

A

Complicated, not easy, complex

مصنوعى، در سطح بالا، غير طبيعى، مشكل و پيچيده

  • sophisticated author (نويسنده فرهيخته)
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20
Q

Successive (adj)

v

A

Respective, sequential, consecutive

پى در پى، متوالى

  • Study the book successively.

Succeed (موفق شدن، جايگزين شدن)

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21
Q

Abrupt (adj)

adv

A

Sudden, unexpected, short and rude

  • An abrupt change
  • An abrupt answer

Abruptly (ناگهان)

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22
Q

Bizarre (adj) /biˈzaː/

adv

A

Strange, weird, odd, peculiar /pəˈkyo͞olyər/, outlandish

Bizarrely

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23
Q

Coincide (v)

n

A

Happen at the same time, concur, coexist

Coincidence (تصادف، توافق، انطباق)

  • His entry to the party coincide with his marriage.
  • what a coincidence.
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24
Q

Commence (v) tr,int

… + v + ing
N

A

Start, initiate

  • Work will commence on the new building immediately.
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25
Disinterested (adj)
Unbiased, impartial, neutral بى غرض، بى طرف - Disinterested judgment/advice/observer
26
Distort (v) n
Misstate, misrepresent تحريف كردن، ناهموار كردن، از شكل طبيعى انداختن Distort the truth/idea/the reality/statement(بيانيه، اعلاميه) Distortion (تحريف)
27
Elaborate (adj) v ... n
Complex, intricate /ˈintrikət / (having a lot of details/parts) - Elaborate dress/system/design ``` Elaborate on (با دقت/جزئيات شرح دادن) Elaboration (جزئيات، پيچيدگى) ```
28
Engender (v)
To be a cause of a situation or feeling, create, generate, give rise to به وجود آوردن، موجب شدن، سبب شدن - The changes in society engendered by the war. - relationships that engender trust in children.
29
Fragile (adj) n
Breakable, brittle, delicate شكننده، ترد، ضعيف - fragile bones/dishes/economy Fragility (تردى، شكنندگى)
30
Intensify (v) tr,int n adj1 adj2
Heighten /'haɪtn/, escalate /ˈeskəleit/, strengthen تشدید کردن، سخت کردن، شدید شدن Intensification (تشديد، افزايش) Intense (سخت، قوى، شديد، مشتاقانه) Intensive (شديد، تند، متمركز)
31
Lucrative (adj)
Profitable, rewarding پر درآمد، سودآور - Lucrative job/business/contract
32
Massive (adj) adv
Huge, enormous, immense /ɪ'mens/, giant, gigantic Massively (به شدت) - On a massive scale
33
Obsolete (adj) Become obsolete
Outdated, outmoded منسوخ - Obsolete weapons/words
34
Plague (v) /pleig/ n
Annoy repeatedly, torment, harass /həˈras/ آزار رساندن، به ستوه آوردن - He was plagued by eye troubles. Plague (طاعون)
35
Presumably (adv) n v
Probably, apparently (ظاهراً) احتمالاً - he hasn’t eaten all day and he is presumably hungry. Presumption (فرضيه، احتمال) Presume (فرض كردن، عقيده داشتن) = suppose, assume /əˈsjuːm/
36
Secluded (adj) /siˈkluːdid/ n v
Remote, isolated, private بكر، دنج - A secluded spot/beach/forest Seclusion (انزوا) Seclude (جدا كردن) = separate
37
Shortcoming (n) Shortcoming of something
Fault, flaw /flɔː/, defect, deficit قصور، كمبود، كاستى
38
Suppress (v) /səˈpres/ n
Repress, subdue Prevent and stop سركوب كردن، متوقف كردن، مانع شدن Suppression /sə'preʃn/ (جلوگيرى، توقيف، سركوب) - Suppress people/demonstration /demən'streɪʃn/ تظاهرات/feelings
39
Surmount (v) /sɜr'maʊnt/
Overcome, conquer /ˈkoŋkə/ برطرف كردن، فائق آمدن، از ميان برداشتن - Surmount a problem/difficulty/barrier /ˈbӕriə/ (مانع)
40
Susceptible (adj) /səˈseptəbəl/ Susceptible to n
Prone, vulnerable حساس، مستعد چيزى بودن Susceptibility (حساسيت) - Older people are more susceptible to infections.
41
Aggravate (v) n
Worsen, exacerbate بدتر كردن، اضافه كردن Aggravation (تشديد)
42
Catastrophic (adj) n
Disastrous فاجعه انگیز، مصیبت بار Catastrophy (فاجعه) = disaster, calamity - Catastrophic effects/consequences
43
Confirm (v) n
Approve, verify, corroborate /kəˈräbəˌrāt/ تأييد كردن Confirmation (تأييد)
44
Corrode (v) /kə'rəʊd/ n
Ruin, destroy, erode, spoil خورده شدن، زنگ زدن، پوسيدن Corrosion /kəˈrōZHən/ (خوردگى)
45
Erode (v) n
فرسوده شدن، ساييدن، خورده شدن Erosion (فرسايش)
46
Derive (v)
Obtain, attain, extract مشتق شدن، نتيجه گرفتن، كسب كردن - Derive sth from sth/pleasure/prestige/benefit/information
47
Diminish (v) tr,int n
Decrease,reduce,lessen, curtail /kərˈtāl/ كم شدن، كاستن، خرد كردن، ضعيف كردن Diminution (كاهش، تقليل)
48
Famine (n)
Hunger, starvation قحطى، گرسنگى - A million people are facing famine.
49
Flourish (v)
Grow, prosper, burgeon /'bɜːdʒən/, thrive /θraiv/ شكوفا شدن، رشد كردن - Most plants will flourish in the rich deep soils here.
50
Mitigate (v) n
Pacify, relieve, alleviate تخفيف دادن، تسكين دادن، سبك كردن Mitigation (تخفيف، كاهش)
51
Penchant (n)
Tendency, inclination, predilection ميل، علاقه، ذوق - Have a penchant for something
52
Predatory (adj) n ~=
Wolfish, exploitative درنده - Predatory animals/websites/company Predator (شكارچى) Prey (شكار، طعمه)
53
Refute (v)
Reject, repudiate, decline رد كردن، تكذيب كردن - Refute a claim/a theory/an argument
54
Relic (n) /'relɪk/ Relic of something
Remnant, vestige /'vestɪdʒ/, an old object or custom that reminds people of the past or that has lived on from past time اثر، عتيقه، يادگار، بقايا
55
Scrutinize (v) n
Inspect, examine /ɪg'zæmɪn/, investigate بررسى خيلى دقيق كردن، موشكافى كردن Scrutiny /ˈskruːtəni/ (تحقيق، بررسى، موشكافى) - Scrutinize something carefully/closely
56
Shortage (n) of
Dearth /dɜːrθ/, Paucity كمبود، كسرى
57
Solemn (adj)
Serious, sad, sombre, very serious and not happy جدي و با ابهت، موقر، رسمى - A solemn expression/face/music/voice/promise
58
Spurious (adj) /'spjʊrɪəs/
Fake, counterfeit جعلى، قلابى - Spurious documents/statements
59
Subside (v) int
Abate /əˈbeit/, dwindle نشست كردن، فروكش كردن - The pains in his head had subsided, but still felt dizzy and sick.
60
Superfluous (adj) /suː'pɜrflʊəs/ n
Extra, redundant, unneeded زيادى، زائد Superfluity (افراط، زيادى) /suːpə(r)'flʊətɪ/ - A superfluity of stuff - Superfluous detail
61
Transient (adj) /'træʃnt /-nzɪənt/
Temporary, ephemeral /əˈfem(ə)rəl/ ناپايدار، كوتاه، زودگذر، موقتى
62
Anomaly (n) /əˈnɒməli/ anomaly in sth
Aberration, abnormality خلاف قاعده، ناهنجارى، غيرمتعارف - In those days, a woman professor was still an anomaly. - Various anomalies in the tax system
63
Apex (n)
Climax, peak, summit, pinnacle /ˈpinəkl/, zenith /ˈzeniθ/ اوج، نوك، بالاترين نقطه، قله - The apex of mountain/game/career
64
Consequence (n)
Outcome, repercussion /ˌriːpərˈkʌʃən/ نتیجه، عاقبت، نتیجه منطقی، پى آمد، اثر - Catastrophic/tragic/adverse/grave/immediate consequences
65
Deception (n) /diˈsepʃən/ v adj
Fraud, duplicity /duːˈplɪsəti/ فريب، نيرنگ Deceive (فريب دادن) Deceitful (فريبكار، مكار) - Obtain something by deception
66
Detractor (n) v
Opponent, adversary بدگو، منتقد بى انصاف Detract (to make sth seem bad, كم كردن، كاستن)
67
Discrete (adj)
Separate, distinct مجزا - Discrete category/unit/identity
68
Desolate (adj) /ˈdesələt/ n
Sad and lonely Isolated, deserted /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/, empty متروك، ويران/تنها، بى كس Desolation (دلتنگى، بدبختى، پريشانى)
69
Eligible (adj) /ˈelidʒəbl/ Eligible for something Eligible to do something
Qualified, entitled مناسب، شايسته، واجد شرايط بودن - Over 500,000 18-year-olds will become eligible to vote this year.
70
Far-fetched (adj) /fetʃ/
Implausible, unrealistic دور از دسترس، بعيد - At the time, his ideas were considered far-fetched.
71
Headway (n)
Progress, breakthrough /ˈbreɪkθruː/ (پیشرفت غیرمنتظره) پيشرفت، پيشروى Make headway in something = make a progress in something
72
Humiliate (v) n
Belittle /biˈlitl/, denigrate تحقير كردن Humiliation (تحقير، احساس حقارت) - Her boss humiliated her in front of all her colleagues.
73
Indolent (adj) /ˈindələnt/ n
Slothful, lazy, idle تنبل، سست Indolence (سستى، تنبلى)
74
Loathsome (adj) /ˈloʊθsəm/ adj To be reluctant/unwilling to do something
Detestable, disgusting, repulsive منزجر كننده، نفرت انگيز Loath (بيزار) /ləʊθ/ - A loathsome person/crime/activity/movie
75
Longevity (n) /lonˈdʒevəti/ Longevity of
Length of life, long life, durability طول عمر
76
Retreat (v) Retreat from something ~= ~=
Withdraw, pullback عقب نشينى كردن، كناره گيرى كردن Advance (پیش رفتن) Deposit (سپرده گذارى كردن، قرار دادن) - Retreat from the city/your promise/plans/ideas/dreams
77
Savvy (adj,n) Have savvy Political savvy Business savvy
Shrewd /ʃruːd/, astute زرنگ، دانا، خبره، ادراك - He’s obviously got a lot of political savvy. - You knew he was smart about cars; he was savvy about life too. - A savvy person/student شم سياسى شم اقتصادى
78
Surge (n) in Surge (v) int ~=
Boost, increase, increment,a sudden increase in amount or number, a sudden movement of a lot of people To suddenly move very quickly in a particular direction موج، موج زدن، ناگهان زياد شدن - A surge in food costs. - A wave surged up towards them. Plunge, drop
79
Life expectation
اميد به زندگى
80
Tangible (adj)
Clear and real , perceptible, palpable /ˈpalpəbəl/ ملموس، غير مجازى - Tangible evidence/benefits
81
Thaw (v,n) tr,int
Melt, unfreeze Become friendly آب شدن، گرم شدن، سردى رابطه را برطرف كردن
82
Violation (n) v
Infringement /ɪn'frɪndʒmənt/, breach /briːtʃ/ نقض، تجاوز، تعدى Violate (نقض كردن، تجاوز كردن) = break
83
Capacious (adj)
Spacious, commodious /kəˈmoʊdiəs/ جادار، وسیع - A capacious suitcase
84
Contradictory (adj) n v
Conflicting, inconsistent مغایر، مخالف، متناقض Contradiction (تناقض) between Contradict (نقض كردن) sb/sth
85
Depict (v) Depict sb/sth as Depict sb/sth n
Portray, show, delineate, illustrate نمایش دادن، مجسم کردن، شرح دادن، به تصوير كشيدن Depictions (نمایش، ترسیم، نگارش)
86
Deplete (v) tr n
Exhaust, drain, reduce تهی کردن، خالی کردن، به ته رسانیدن، تحليل بردن، فرسودن Depletion (تقلیل، تخلیه، نقصان، تهی سازی) - The depletion of the ozone layer - Salmon populations have been severely depleted.
87
* Detract (v) from
Devalue, trivialize /ˈtrɪviəlaɪz/ کاستن، کم کردن، گرفتن، کسر کردن، کاهیدن، كم جلوه دادن/كردن - Detract from sb‘s/sth’s beauty/value/achievement/joy - I think this is a very convenient sort of way to detract attention from much more serious problems.
88
Subtract (v)
کاستن، کم کردن، تفریق کردن، منها کردن، تفریق شدن - If you subtract 30 from 45, you get 15.
89
* Distinguish (v) adj adj Distinguish between A and B Distinguish A from B
Differentiate, discriminate (تبعیض قائل شدن) Distinguished (مشخص، متمايز) Distinguishing (متمايز كننده)
90
Fluctuate (v) int n
Oscillate, change نوسان داشتن، نوسان کردن، ثابت نبودن Fluctuation (نوسان، تغيير، بي ثباتى)
91
Germinate (v) int n
Grow, sprout /spraʊt/ جوانه زدن، سبز شدن، شروع به رشد کردن Germination (جوانه زنی، رویش) - Sth germinated in my mind/head
92
Inaugurate (v) /ɪˈnɒːɡjəreɪt/
Initiate, launch افتتاح كردن، شروع (به كار) كردن - inaugurate one’s presidency - inaugurate sb as sth
93
Intermittent (adj) adv
Occasional, periodic, on and off متناوب - Intermittent rain/noise Intermittently (بطور متناوب، بنوبت)
94
Mutually exclusive
دو به دو ناسازگار Contradictory
95
Retain (v)
Maintain, keep, preserve نگاه داشتن، حفظ کردن
96
Relinquish (v) sth to sb
Give, submit, give up, renounce /rɪ'naʊns/ ترک کردن، ول کردن، دست کشیدن (از)، رهاکردن، صرف نظرکردن، واگذار کردن - relinquish control/power/claim
97
Scanty (adj) /'skæntɪ/ Scanty amount of sth
Meager /ˈmiːɡər/, insufficient, scarce, scant ناکافی، ناچيز، كم، اندک Scanty information/evidence/clothing
98
Spontaneous (adj) adv
Impromptu (فی البداهه) /imˈpromptjuː/, extemporaneous (فی البداهه، بی آمادگی) /ɪkˌstempəˈreɪniəs/ خود بخود، بی اختیار، خودجوش Spontaneously (خود به خود) - spontaneous demonstration/speech/applause /ə'plɔːz/ (تحسين، تشويق، تمجيد)
99
Stimulate (v) Stimulate sb to do sth n
Motivate, encourage,provoke, arouse /əˈraʊz/, galvanize /ˈgӕlvənaiz/ بر انگیختن، تحریک کردن، انگیختن، تهییج کردن، تشويق كردن Stimulation (تحریک، انگیزش، برانگیختن) - Her interest in art was stimulated by her father.
100
Surpass (v)
Excel, exceed, outstrip پيشى گرفتن، جلو زدن - Surpass one’s expectations (فراتر از حد انتظار كسى ظاهر شدن)
101
Tenacious (adj) /təˈneɪʃəs/ n
Persistent, determined سفت، محکم، سر سخت، استوار، مستحکم، مصمم، با اراده - A tenacious negotiator/politician Tenacity (سختی، سفتی، سر سختی، اصرار)
102
Underestimate (v)
Underrate, understate ناچیز پنداشتن، دست کم گرفتن - Underestimate one’s/sth importance/value/power
103
Undermine (v) ~=
Weaken, sap سست کردن، آسیب رساندن، صدمه زدن، تحليل بردن Consolidate (مستحکم کردن، پابرجا کردن یا شدن، تقویت کردن یا شدن) Undermine one’s chances/ability/health/confidence
104
Unprecedented (adj)
Unparalleled /ʌnˈpærəleld/, exceptional بى سابقه - Unprecedented event/step/negotiations
105
Abstruse (adj) /əbˈstruːs, æb-/
Obscure /əbˈskjʊr/, recondite, ponderous مشكل، پيچيده، سخت آموز، دشوار، بيخودى سخت
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Casualty (n)
death,fatality /fəˈtæləti/ کشته یا زخمی، تلفات - Heavy/light/high casualties - The number of casualties
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Condense (v) Condense sth to/into ... n
Compress Summarize, abridge /ə'brɪdʒ/ متراکم کردن، منقبض کردن، مختصر و مفیدکردن، چگالیدن - This whole chapter could be condensed into a few paragraphs. - The gaseous metal is cooled and condenses into liquid zinc. Condensation (خلاصه، تراكم، چگالش)
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Deficient (adj) n
Insufficient, inadequate دارای کمبود، ناقص، معیوب، ناکامل - Iron/vitamin deficient - Be deficient in sth Deficiency (كمبود، نقص، كاستى)
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Expertise (n) /ˌekspɜrːˈtiːz/ Expertise in sth
Mastery, skill تخصص، خبرگى، کاردانی، کارشناسی، مهارت - Expertise in the management of hotels - An area of expertise - a wide range of expertise
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Hamper (v)
Hinder, impede /imˈpiːd/ دشوار كردن، با مشكل رو به رو كردن، مانع شدن، از کار بازداشتن - She tried to run, but was hampered by her heavy suitcase.
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Interplay (n) Interplay of/between sth
Mutual influence, reciprocation /rɪ‚sɪprə'keɪʃn/, interaction تأثير متقابل، فعل و انفعال، اثر متقابل - the interplay of ideas - the interplay between military and civilian populations
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Mainstay (n) The mainstay of
Pillar /ˈpilər/ (ستون), backbone نقطه اتکاء، تکیه گاه اصلی، وابستگی عمده، نگه دار اصلی، حامی اصلی - Tourism has long been the economic mainstay of Kashmir.
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Meticulous (adj) /məˈtɪkjələs/ adv
Fastidious /fæˈstɪdiəs/, scrupulous /ˈskruːpjələs/, painstaking باریک بین، خیلی دقیق، وسواسی، موشکاف، دقیق و پایبند جزئیات Meticulously (با دقت زیاد) - He has always been so meticulous about his appearance. - Meticulous care/work/research/person
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Compromise (n) v
Agreement,settlement مصالحه، كوتاه آمدن، توافق، سازش، مدارا - make/reach a compromise - The two sides negotiated for several days before reaching a compromise. Compromise (مصالحه کردن، سازش کردن)
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Obliterate (v) /əˈblɪtəreɪt/
Destroy,exterminate, annihilate /əˈnaɪəleɪt/, eradicate (ريشه كن كردن) محو کردن، زدودن، نابود كردن، ناپدید ساختن - Nothing could obliterate the memory of those tragic events. - obliterate one’s memories/feeling
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Potent (adj)
Powerful, influential غنى، قوی، پر زور، نیرومند، مؤثر A potent drug/weapon/force/source
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Preposterous (adj) /prɪˈpɑːstərəs/ Preposterous to
Ridiculous, absurd, foolish, inane /ɪ'neɪn/ مضحک، نامعقول، مهمل، چرند، احمقانه - The whole idea sounds absolutely preposterous!
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Pristine (adj) /'prɪstɪːn/
Original, pure, intact (بی کم و کاست، دست نخورده), clean, fresh تر و تازه، اولی، طبیعی و دست نخورده، نو - A pristine shirt/snow/forest - in pristine condition (شرايط خيلى خوب) - The used car had hardly any mileage on it and was in pristine condition.
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Prohibit (v) Prohibit sb from doing sth n
Ban, forbid,boycott (تحريم كردن), proscribe (بازداشتن از) ممنوع ساختن، منع کردن، تحریم کردن، اجازه ندادن، ممانعت کردن Prohibition (ممنوعيت، تحريم) on sth - They are prohibited from revealing details about the candidates.
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Ratify (v) n
Approve, verify, endorse (officially) تصویب کردن، رسمیت دادن، قانونی کردن Ratification (تصدیق، قبول، تصویب)
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Repudiate (v) /rɪˈpjuːdieɪt/
Reject, refuse,refute, gainsay, rebut انکار کردن، منکر شدن، رد کردن - repudiate a statement/claim
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Rudimentary (adj) /ˌruːdəˈmentəri/
Basic, elementary, primitive /'prɪmɪtɪv/ ابتدایی، بدوی، اولیه، اصولی، بنیادی، پایه ای Rudimentary knowledge/equipment
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* Sustainable (adj) v
Practical, viable /'vaɪəbl/ able to continue without causing damage to the environment able to continue for a long time قابل تحمل، تاب آوردنی Sustainable use/agriculture/economy/development Sustain (تاب آوردن، نگه داشتن) = maintain, keep
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Transmute (v) tr,int Transmute sth into sth
Transform, convert تبدیل کردن، تغییر شکل دادن
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Avarice (n) /ˈævərɪs/ adj
Greed, insatiability /ɪn‚seɪʃə'bɪlətɪ/ (سیری نا پذیری) آز، طمع، حرص Avaricious /‚ævə'rɪʃəs/ (آزمند، حريص، خصيص)
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* Camouflage (v,n) tr /ˈkæməflɑːʒ/
Conceal,hide, disguise /dɪsˈɡaɪz/ پوشش، استتار، پنهان کردن وسایل جنگی، مخفی کردن، پوشاندن، استتار كردن
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Candor (n) /ˈkændər/ adj
Honesty, rectitude, veracity /və'ræsətɪ/ خلوص، رک گویی، صفا، صداقت، صميميت Candid (رک، صميمى، صادق)
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Collude (v) /kəˈluːd/ collude ... sb
Plot, conspire /kənˈspaɪr/ سازش کردن، تبانی کردن، توطئه کردن - Several customs officials have been accused of colluding with drug traffickers. Collude with sb
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Despondent (adj) /dɪˈspɑːndənt/ Despondent ... sth
Sad, hopeless, disappointed, dejected دلمرده، اندوهگین، نومید و مرعوب، افسرده، نااميد - Gill had been out of work for a year and was getting very despondent. Despondent about sth
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* Detrimental (adj)
Injurious /ɪnˈdʒʊriəs/, harmful, pernicious /pərˈnɪʃəs/ دردناک، مضر، زیان آور، خسارت آور - Detrimental effect
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Incongruous (adj) /ɪnˈkɑːŋɡruəs/ Incongruous ...
Inappropriate,improper, incompatible ناهمخوان، ناهماهنگ، ناسازگار، نامناسب - The new theatre looks utterly incongruous in its setting. Incongruous with
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Mollify (v) /ˈmɑːlɪfaɪ/ n
Pacify, calm, appease /əˈpiːz/ آرام کردن، دلجويى كردن، تسکین دادن، فرو نشاندن Mollification (تسكين، دلجويى)
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Panacea (n) Panacea ... sth
Cure-all نوش دارو، علاج عام، داروی همه ی دردها، حلال مسائل Panacea for sth
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Precede (v) adj ~=
Predate, preface Preceding (ماقبل، سابق) =previous ~= next, following Follow
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Surrender (n,v) /səˈrendər/ Surrender ...
Give in, capitulate واگذاری، تسلیم، صرف نظر، تحویل دادن، رها کردن، تسلیم شدن/كردن، واگذار کردن - He immediately surrendered himself to the authorities. Surrender to
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Deprive (v) +of n adj
Strip, divest محروم کردن، بی بهره کردن - Deprive sb of sth - Be deprived of sth - A lot of these children have been deprived of a normal home life. Deprivation (محرومیت) Deprived (محروم)
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Dormant (adj) n
Inactive, potential, latent /ˈleɪtənt/ ساکت، خوابیده، غیرفعال - Dormant volcano/talent Dormancy (رکود)
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Equilibrium (n)
Balance, symmetry تعادل، ثبات - Mental/spiritual (روحى، فكرى)/economic equilibrium
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Flaw (n) +in
Fault, defect, deficiency, shortcoming عیب، رخنه، شکاف، درز - A slight flaw in the glass
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Indigenous (adj) /ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs/
Local,native بومی، ذاتی، طبیعی، فطری - Indigenous people/plants/language
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Lethal (adj) /ˈliːθəl/ +to
Fatal,mortal, deadly مهلک، مرگ آور، مرگبار، كشنده - These chemicals are lethal to fish.
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Perish (v) Non-perishable
Die, pass away نابود کردن، مردن، تلف شدن، هلاک شدن - Hundreds perished when the ship went down. فاسد نشدنى
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Proliferation (n) /prə‚lɪfə'reɪʃn/
Propagation /ˈprɑːpəɡeɪt/, multiplication, surge تکثیر، ازدیاد Proliferate (تكثير شدن، زياد شدن) int Prolific (بغرور، حاصلخيز)
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Triumph (n,v) /ˈtraɪəmf/ Triumph .../...
Victory, success, conquest (پیروزی) پیروزی، فتح، غالب شدن، پیروز شدن - The triumph over hardship - A diplomatic/military/personal/major triumph Triumph over/against
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Accord (v,n) /əˈkɔːrd/ ``` In accord(n) with Accord(v) with sth ```
Agreement, match هماهنگ كردن، به هم آمدن، اصلاح کردن، توافق، پیمان، سازش، مطابق کردن، سازگار بودن - These results are in accord with earlier research. - You will not be accorded any special treatment.
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Adept (adj) at doing sth /əˈdept/
Skillful, adroit, dexterous استاد، ماهر، زبر دست - Adept liar/performer
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Compulsory (adj) n
Mandatory, obligatory اجبارى Compulsion (اجبار، فشار) - Car insurance is compulsory.
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Encompass (v) +of
Include, incorporate /ɪn'kɔrpəreɪt/ محاصره کردن، احاطه کردن، دور گرفتن، شامل بودن، دارا بودن، در بر گرفتن - The houses encompassed about 100 square metres.
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Frigid (adj)
Very cold, arctic, frosty (یخ زده) Unfriendly خنک، منجمد، بسیار سرد، دارای اندکی تمایل جنسی
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Overestimate (v)
Overrate, overstate, magnify غلو کردن، دست بالا گرفتن، زیاد برآورد کردن
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Recur (v) adj
Reoccur, reappear دوباره رخ دادن، تکرار شدن، باز رخدادن - symptoms/problem recur - There is a danger that the disease may recur. - Love is a recurring theme in the book. Recurring (مكرر) —> recurring dream/theme /θiːm/ Recurred (تكرارى)
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Ritual (n) adj
Rite, ceremony, habit تشریفات، وابسته به رسوم و تشریفات، مراسم - the daily ritual of mealtimes - perform a ritual Ritualistic (تشريفاتى، آيينى)
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Solitude (n) /ˈsɑːlɪtuːd/ adj
Loneliness تنهایی، خلوت - To be in solitude - Seek (طلب كردن)/enjoy/prefer solitude Solitary(تنها، منزوى)
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Trigger (v)
Cause, ignite, give rise to ماشه کشیدن، راه انداختن، موجب شدن، ماشه - trigger sth - Certain forms of mental illness can be triggered by food allergies.
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Alliance (n) /əˈlaɪəns/ v,n
Coalition /ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən/, union اتحاد، پیوستگی، معاهده، پیمان بین دول، همبستگی، ائتلاف Ally (متحد شدن، متحد) - Britain’s military alliance with her NATO partners - form an alliance with - in alliance with/against
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Animosity (n) /ˌænəˈmɑːsəti/
Dislike, hatred, hostility دشمنى، خصومت، ستيز،كينه - feel animosity towards - animosity between - There is no personal animosity between the party leaders. - She felt a certain amount of animosity towards him.
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Bulky (adj) n
Too large, enormous بزرگ، گنده، حجیم Bulk (حجم، توده، اكثريت) = majority - The bulk of people (توده ى مردم)
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Constitute (v) n
Form, compose, comprise, make up Establish تشکیل دادن، تاسیس کردن Constitution (قانون اساسى، تشكيل، تأسيس)
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Ingenious (adj) /ɪnˈdʒiːniəs/ n
Clever, innovative, creative با هوش، دارای قوه ابتکار، نابغه - an ingenious method/way/approach Ingenuity (نبوغ، استعداد، هوش)
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Insulate (v) /ˈɪnsəleɪt/ n
Protect, shield عايق كردن، جدا کردن، مجزا کردن - insulation sth against/from - Pipes may need insulating against the cold. Insulation (عايق بندى)
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Perplex (v) adj1 Adj2
Confuse, bewilder, baffle, puzzle گیج کردن، سردرگم کردن، بهت زده کردن Perplexed (گيج شده) Perplexing (گيج كننده)
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Surmise (v) +that
Guess, speculate, assume, conjunction,postulate, presume حدس، گمان، حدس زدن، گمان بردن - When she came in, he didn’t look up, so she surmised that he was in a bad mood.
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Veracity (n) +of /vəˈræsəti/
Candor, honesty, truthfulness صحت، صداقت، راستی، راستگویی - Has anyone checked the veracity of these allegations (اتهامات)?
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Waver (v) + in doing sth +between
Vacillate, doubt, hesitate نوسان کردن، دو دل بودن، متزلزل شدن، مردد شدن - Harris never wavered in his loyalty. - The party wavered between free trade and protectionism.