V2 Unit 1-Data Management

Question 0

What must you do to data for it to become meaningful to the end user?

Answer 0

process and organize it prior to sending

Question 1

What are the four classes of information in a cognitive hierarchy?

Answer 1

1. Data
2. Information
3. Knowledge
4. Understanding

Question 2

how is metadata used?

Answer 2

to describe how data is structured by using a subscribed syntax and to associate data with semantics.

Question 3

what is cognition?

Answer 3

the act of learning of integrating from various pieces of information (allows commanders and staff to generate knowledge)

Question 4

what is the objective of transparency?

Answer 4

to ensure the process of transforming data into information used for decision making is traceable

Question 5

content, delivery services deliver information assets to end users. these services can be of two types, what are they?

Answer 5

1. core data

2. aggregation services

Question 6

What does SOE (Services Oriented Enterprise) provide?

Answer 6

a meaning of achieving IT agility and flexibility to support rapidly evolving mission processes and changing goals and objectives

Question 7

how are data elements obtained?

Answer 7

from data models and represent DOD info systems

Question 8

what is a standard?

Answer 8

something that is measurable and repeatable

Question 9

what is data structure?

Answer 9

a specialized format for organizing and storing data

Question 10

how are data structures organized?

Answer 10

designed to organize data to suit of specific programming purpose so you can access them later and use them in appropriate ways to produce a desired output

Question 11

what is a schema?

Answer 11

a structured description of records

Question 12

what are physical data structures concerned with?

Answer 12

how data resides in a database

Question 13

explain the difference between using linked and sequential lists.

Answer 13

Linked is a group of ordered items or lists while sequential(or ordered) is a list arranged in the order the items are read.

Question 14

what do logical structures allow users to do?

Answer 14

view stored data in the database

Question 15

how do tables and views differ?

Answer 15

views are also relational data tables, the only difference though is their data is calculated at query time.

Question 16

What is the definition of parent node?

Answer 16

the node above all other nodes besides the root node

Question 17

define the child node?

Answer 17

located under all other nodes at the bottom end of a node branch.

Question 18

define the root node.

Answer 18

the node at the top of the hierarchical tree.

Question 19

what is special about having a network data structure?

Answer 19

the relationship from parent-child node and child-parent node can be one to many.

Question 20

what must you ensure before installing any software product on an operational Air Force computer?

Answer 20

appropriate actions have to been taken to ensure the security of the system cannot be degraded by the addition of the new software.

Question 21

what security features should security software implement?

Answer 21

should detect and respond to unauthorized attempts to change, circumvent, or otherwise violate security features.

Question 22

what restrictions apply to maintenance activities?

Answer 22

authorize software only to authorized maintenance personnel with appropriate security clearance

Question 23

why should you perform a security audit trail?

Answer 23

to determine if your security features on your database system are working

Question 24

what events are auditable?

Answer 24

1. use of id and authentication 2. user actions to create, modify, or delete programs/files 3. actions taken by cpu operators, system admins, and system security admins 4. any event that attempts to change the security profile of the system 5. any event that attempts to violate the security policy of the system

Question 25

what information should be recorded during the audit?

Answer 25

1. type of event 2. date and time of event 3. unique identifier of the user or device generating the event 4. success or failure of the event 5. origin of the request for id and authentication events 6. name of program/file introduced, accessed, or deleted

Question 26

how can you protect critical data agains tampering?

Answer 26

control physical access of the AIS itself by installing keyboard locks or other security mechanisms on the cpu

Question 27

what access controls can you apply to a database?

Answer 27

access to files, segments, software, and devices so only authorized users, based on need-to-know, can use the system and data resources

Question 28

what is the main purpose of a database?

Answer 28

make data independent of the programs that use it

Question 29

define normalization

Answer 29

process of organizing data into tables in such a way that the results of using the database are unambiguous as intended

Question 30

describe the first normal form

Answer 30

an entity is in the first normal form if each attribute of the entity occurs only once or twice and there are no repeating groups of data

Question 31

describe the second normal form

Answer 31

an entity is in the second normal form if its in first normal form and each attribute is dependent on its entire primary key.

Question 32

describe third normal form

Answer 32

an entity is in third normal form if its in second normal form and no attribute of the entity is dependent on another non-key attribute

Question 33

what is data denormalization?

Answer 33

the process of deliberately violating data normalization techniques

Question 34

who is responsible for the technical implementation and maintenance of the database?

Answer 34

the database administrator

Question 35

what permission can the dba grant?

Answer 35

access, insert, delete, or modify existing data

Question 36

name four functions a dba performs.

Answer 36

1. managing database structure 2. managing data activity 3. managing the DBMS 4. maintaining the data repository

Question 37

what is the DBA's final responsibility when managing database structure?

Answer 37

updating the system documentation

Question 38

what are the symptoms of data base fragmentation?

Answer 38

when unused gaps begin forming in between the remaining records

Question 39

list the three steps of reorganization

Answer 39

1. all the records must be removed from the database. when the records are unloaded, the file containing them is stored on a disk or other media. 2. the old database must be initialized. remove all pointers and reinitializing the partitioned database 3. reload the database from the file created in step one.

Question 40

in an effort to combat situations we have little control over, what should a dba be considering?

Answer 40

using an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) for the server or mainframe that is running the database

Question 41

to minimize database destruction, how often should the database be backed up?

Answer 41

never let more than two updates pass without backing up the database.