Validity and Reliability

Question 1

What is validity?

Answer 1

The accuracy of a study
The extent in which something measures what its supposed to measure?

Question 2

What is internal validity?

Answer 2

If we measure what’s intended to be measured
Weather we a certain the IV caused the DV
If the answers on the study are low they need to be revisited

Question 3

What is external validity?

Answer 3

The extent to which the findings of a study can be generalised beyond the point of research setting
Sampling method may be under represented so therefor can improve

Question 4

What are the 5 different types of validity?

Answer 4

Face
Content
Concurrent
Construct
Predictive

Question 5

What is face validity?

Answer 5

If the report looks like what we are trying to measure
e.g. if stress q’s are related to stress

Question 6

What is content validity?

Answer 6

Looking at methods of measurement and and deciding if it measure the intended content
Could ask an independent expert on assessment to evaluate measure used, suggesting improvements and therefor dealing with validity

Question 7

What is concurrent validity?

Answer 7

Comparing method used with a previously validated one at same topic, to be done p’s are given measures at the same time then scores are compared
If we have concurrent validity we should expect similar scores on each test

Question 8

What is construct validity?

Answer 8

To assess the extent that a test measures the target construct
e.g. in stress measurement, we look at definition of stress and considered were relevant to this construct

Question 9

What is predictive validity?

Answer 9

Weather scores on a test predicts what your expecting it to
e.g. we would expect people with high stress levels will have high blood pressure

Question 10

What is reliability?

Answer 10

The extent in which a test produces a consistent result

Question 11

What is internal reliability?

Answer 11

if the test is consistent within itself
e.g. weather the test q’s are measuring what the are intended to measure

Question 12

What is external reliability?

Answer 12

The consistency overtime
e.g. if we repeated an IQ test would we expect the same results on different days

Question 13

How do we test reliability in observations?

Answer 13

By interrater reliability, this is when theirs are more then 1 observers in a test who agree at least 80% on the findings

Question 14

How do we deal with issues of reliability in observation?

Answer 14

Observers trained by coding system and behavioural checklist
If its used they can check reliability of the observations

Question 15

What is the split half method?

Answer 15

One group does a test, then the answers are split in half then compared to see if we get same scores
2 scores calculated by looking at the coefficient

Question 16

When is the split half method used?

Answer 16

Internal reliability

Question 17

What is the test retest method?

Answer 17

P’s given a test to answer, once the p’s have forgotten about the test they are given the test again and if its reliable they should get the same score

Question 18

What is the test retest method?

Answer 18

External validity

Question 19

How to deal with issues of reliability in self-report methods?

Answer 19

in the case of low internal validity q’s can be removed in the split half method in order to get a high reliability score
In the case of low external validity- could be the case that questions were badly written , if this is the case the interviewer needs to be retrained