Vasculature of Head and Neck Powerpoint

Question 1

Right and left common carotid arteries

Answer 1

Derived from: Right from brachiocephalic trunk and left from aortic arch
Travel superiorally into the anterior triangle of the neck ending at the 4th cervical vertebra
Empty into: Internal and external carotid arteries

Question 2

Carotid sinus

Answer 2

Thickened region at the terminal part of the common carotid artery or beginning of internal carotid artery, functions to regulate BP and pulse, has thin tunica media but thick tunica adventitia and has nerve endings to send afferent signals from glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 3

External carotid artery

Answer 3

Derived from: common carotid arteries
Travels superiorally at the upper boarder of the thyroid cartilage and gives rise to superior thyroid artery, ascending pharyngeal artery, facial artery, occipital artery, posterior auricular artery, lingual artery
Empties into: superficial temporal and maxillary arteries at the parotid gland

Question 4

Superior thyroid artery

Answer 4

Derived from: 1st branch off external carotid artery

Travels inferiorally toward the upper pole of the thyroid gland

Question 5

Ascending pharyngeal artery

Answer 5

Derived from: 2nd branch off external carotid artery

Travels superior and deep on the wall of the pharynx

Question 6

Lingual artery

Answer 6

Derived from: 3rd branch of external carotid artery
Travels superiorally into the submandibular region to supply structures of the floor of the mouth and tongue with hypoglossal nerve crossing it

Question 7

Facial artery

Answer 7

Derived from: 4th branch of external carotid artery

Travels upward deep to the submandibular salivary gland to supply the face

Question 8

Occipital artery

Answer 8

Derived from: 5th branch of external carotid artery
Travels from posterior face opposite facial artery, upward reaching the back of the scalp by entering the posterior triangle of the neck

Question 9

Posterior auricular artery

Answer 9

Derived from: 6th branch of external carotid artery

Travels from the upper border of the posterior belly of digastric to enter a groove between auricle and back of scalp

Question 10

Maxillary artery

Answer 10

Derived from: terminal branch of external carotid artery

Travels from the parotid gland anteriorally

Question 11

Superficial temporal artery

Answer 11

Derived from: terminal branch of external carotid artery

Travels from parotid gland superiorally along the temporal bone

Question 12

Inferior thyroid artery

Answer 12

Derived from: thyrocervical trunk artery

Travels superiorally behind the thyroid to supply it

Question 13

Thyroid ima artery

Answer 13

Derived from: brachiocephalic trunk (right) or aortic arch (left)
Travels superioraly in front of the trachea to supply the isthmus, some have it some do not!!!

Question 14

Acronym for branches of external carotid

Answer 14

sally anne likes food on philadelphias main street

Question 15

Supratrochlear artery

Answer 15

Derived from: opthalmic artery

Travels medial superiorally from the orbit over the forehead

Question 16

Supraorbital artery

Answer 16

Derived from: opthalic artery

travels superiorally from orbit over the forehead

Question 17

Internal carotid artery

Answer 17

Derived from: common carotid artery
Travels superiorally entering the carotid canal (giving off NO branches in the neck) within the carotid sheath, gives rise to opthalmic artery near termination
Empties into: anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and posterior communicating artery

Question 18

Carotid sheath

Answer 18

Bundle of nerve and vessels entering the carotid canal in the temporal bone, includes internal jugular vein, vagus nerve, and internal carotid artery

Question 19

Vertebral artery

Answer 19

Derived from: 1st branch of subclavian artery
Travels superiorally in front of the 7th cervical vertebra and into the cervical foramen at c6, travels thru foramen magnum
Empties into basilar artery

Question 20

Basilar artery

Answer 20

Derived from: Left and right vertebral arteries
Travels on the anterior surface of the pons, supplying cerebellum, internal ear
Empties into right and left posterior cerebral arteries

Question 21

Posterior cerebral artery

Answer 21

Derived from: basilar artery

Travels to supply the posterior cerebrum, giving off posterior communicating artery branches on each side

Question 22

Opthalmic artery

Answer 22

Derived from: Internal carotid artery
Travels anteriorally to supply the orbit
Empties into supraorbital and supratrochlear arteries

Question 23

Posterior communicating arteries

Answer 23

Derived from: posterior cerebral arteries
Travels to connect the internal carotid with the posterior cerebral
Empties into internal carotid artery

Question 24

Middle cerebral artery

Answer 24

Derived from: Internal carotid artery

Travels to supply the lateral cerebrum

Question 25

Anterior cerebral artery

Answer 25

Derived from: internal carotid artery | Travels to supply the anterior cerebrum, has branch of anterior communicating artery

Question 26

Anterior communicating artery

Answer 26

Connects left and right anterior cerebral arteries

Question 27

Saccular/berry aneurysms

Answer 27

Weakening of an arterial wall to create a bulge that is asymptomatic but may be at risk for rupture, associated with many congenital diseases including PKD and coartation of aorta, risk factors include smoking, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia

Question 28

Most likely place for berry aneurysms to occur in the brain

Answer 28

Anterior or posterior communicating artery, bifurcation of middle cerebral artery from internal carotid

Question 29

Hematoma

Answer 29

Pooling of blood outside of vessel, sometimes caused by the rupturing of an aneurysm

Question 30

Choroidal artery

Answer 30

Derived from: middle cerebral artery | Travels posteriorally to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle to supply the choroid plexus

Question 31

Posterior auricular vein

Answer 31

Travels in the posterior auricular groove empties into the external jugular vein aat the parotid gland after combining with posterior division of retromandibular gland

Question 32

Posterior division of retromandibular vein

Answer 32

Derived from: superficial temporal vein and maxillary vein Travels inferiorally down the temporal bone in front of the ear Empties into the external jugular vein at the parotid gland after combining with the posterior auricular vein

Question 33

External jugular vein

Answer 33

Derived from: posterior auricular vein and posterior division of retromandibular vein Travels from the parotid gland behind the angle of the mandible obliquely across sternocleidomstatoid into the posterior triangle Empties into the subclavian vein

Question 34

Supratrochlear and supraorbital veins

Answer 34

Travel to the medial margin of the orbit | Empty into: the facial vein

Question 35

Superficial temporal vein

Answer 35

Travels inferiorally down the temporal area | Empties into the posterior division retromandibular vein at the parotid gland

Question 36

Maxillary vein

Answer 36

Travels inferiorally from the maxilla of the face | Empties into the posterior division of retromandibular vein at the parotid gland

Question 37

Internal jugular vein tributaries from inferior to superior

Answer 37

``` Middle thyroid vein Superior thyroid vein Lingual vein Facial vein Pharyngeal vein Inferior petrosal sinus ```

Question 38

Internal jugular vein pneumonic

Answer 38

Med schools let fun people in

Question 39

Internal jugular vein

Answer 39

Derived from: sigmoid sinus Travels thru jugular foramen descending through neck in carotid shealth, receiving 6 tributaries Empties into brachiocephalic vein

Question 40

Inferior thyroid veins

Answer 40

Travel from isthmus of thyroid, anastamose together, descend in front of trachea Empty into brachiocephalic veins of thorax

Question 41

Veins of the brain lack ____. They lie in the ____

Answer 41

valves, subarachnoid space

Question 42

Anterior jugular vein

Answer 42

Travels down the neck close to midline, united by a jugular arch Empties into the external jugular vein

Question 43

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Answer 43

Cause of 5-10% of strokes, onset is sudden headache with severity never previously experienced, followed byimpairment of consciousness and eventual coma and death, as well as nuchal rigidity and other signs of meningeal irritation

Question 44

Preferred method of screening to confirm a subarachnoid hemorrhage, back up if results inconclusive?

Answer 44

CT scan, if negative spinal tap,

Question 45

Epidural hemorrhage

Answer 45

Tear in meningeal artery, vein, or dural sinus leading to hematoma visible on CT scan, leading to headache, cofusion, seizures, respiratory depression, and death

Question 46

Acute subdural hematoma

Answer 46

Hematoma rom tear in veins from cortex to superior sagital sinus from cerebral laceration, onset of symptoms is longer