VHD Relationships Female Pelvis and Perineum

Question 1

The divisions of the pelvic region are the ____________, __________ and the __________.

Answer 1

greater (false) pelvis, lesser (true) pelvis and perineum

Question 2

The lesser (true) pelvis is located between the _____ and the _________.

Answer 2

pelvic inlet (from the promontory of the sacrum to the pubic symphysis along the arcuate line on the ilium) and the pelvic outlet (pubic symphysis, ischiopubic rami and sacrotuberous ligaments)

Question 3

The ________ contains the abdominal viscera.

Answer 3

greater pelvis

Question 4

The lateral pelvic wall is closed by the ________ and __________ muscles.

Answer 4

piriformis and obturator internus

Question 5

The pelvic outlet is closed by the _________ and ____________.

Answer 5

pelvic diaphragm and urogenital diaphragm

Question 6

What defines the space of the perineum?

Answer 6

diamond shaped region between abducted thighs extending from pubic symphysis to ischial tuberosity and coccyx

Question 7

The perineum is divided into two triangles, the _______ and ____________ triangles by the ________.

Answer 7

anal and urogenital, superficial transverse perineus muscles

Question 8

The _______ and ______ traverse the anal triangle.

Answer 8

anus and anal sphincter

Question 9

The ___________ and ________ traverse the urogenital triangle.

Answer 9

urethra and vagina

Question 10

The pelvic diaphragm is comprised of the _________ and the ________.

Answer 10

levator ani, coccygeus muscle

Question 11

The levator ani includes these 4 muscles _________, ___________, ___________, ________.

Answer 11

puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus and ischioccygeus

Question 12

The function of the muscle of the pelvic diaphragm function to ________ and ________the pelvic viscera (rectum and vagina).

Answer 12

support and compress

Question 13

The urogenital triangle has ________ and ______ perineal spaces.

Answer 13

superficial and deep

Question 14

The superficial perineal space is bounded superiorly by the ____________ and inferiorly by the ________.

Answer 14

perineal membrane, superficial perineal (Colle’s) fascia

Question 15

The superficial perineal space contains the (8) structures.

Answer 15

bulb of the vestibule, crura of the clitoris, bulbospongiosus, ishiocavernousus and superficial transverse perineus muscles, greater vestibular glands, branches of the the pudendal nerve and internal pudendal muscles

Question 16

The muscles of the superficial perineal space function to _______, _____ and ________.

Answer 16

fix the perineal body, compress the vagina, and contribute to erection of the clitoris

Question 17

The deep perineal space is bounded superiorly by the ________ and inferiorly by the __________.

Answer 17

endopelvic fascia and perineal membrane

Question 18

The deep perineal space contains the (7) structures.

Answer 18

deep transverse perineus (if any is present), urethral sphincter (inferior aspect), compressor urethrae, and urethrovaginal sphincter muscles, urethra, and branches of the pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels

Question 19

The muscles of the deep perineal space function to _______ the vagina and urethra.

Answer 19

compress

Question 20

Is the rectum a retro or intraperitoneal structure?

Answer 20

retroperitoneal

Question 21

The external sphincter blends with the ____________ muscle.

Answer 21

levator ani

Question 22

The urinary bladder is positioned __________ to the pubic symphysis when empty.

Answer 22

posterior

Question 23

The anterior apex of the urinary bladder is continuous with the ________.

Answer 23

urachus, and embryonic remnant

Question 24

The inferior neck of the urinary bladder is continuous with the ________.

Answer 24

urethra

Question 25

The ___________ is characterized by a smooth appearing trigone with the orifices of the ureters and urethra at its angles.

Answer 25

fundus of the urinary bladder

Question 26

The internal reproductive viscera are _______, ________ and ______, all surrounded by folds of peritoneum.

Answer 26

uterus, uterine tubes and ovaries

Question 27

The uterus is positioned between the __________ and the _________.

Answer 27

bladder and rectum

Question 28

The parts of the uterus are the ___________, _____ and ___________.

Answer 28

fundus, corpus and cervix

Question 29

The uterine tubes extend ___________ from the uterus near the fundus.

Answer 29

laterally

Question 30

The ovaries are positioned _______ to the uterine tubes and are suspended by the ________ and ________ ligaments.

Answer 30

posterior, ovarian (to the uterus) and suspensory (to the pelvic wall) ligaments

Question 31

The __________ and its subparts surround the internal reproductive viscera.

Answer 31

broad ligament (subparts are mesosalpinx – uterine tube, mesovarium – ovary and mesometrium – cervix)

Question 32

The female external genitilia are the _______, __________, ________ and _______.

Answer 32

labia majora, labia minora, clitoris and vagina

Question 33

The clitoris consists of the _______, _______ and _____.

Answer 33

glans, corpus and two crura

Question 34

The crura of the clitoris are attached to ________.

Answer 34

inferior pubic rami

Question 35

The _________ muscles surround the crura,

Answer 35

ischiocavernosus muscles

Question 36

The vagina is positioned between the _____________ and the __________ and surrounded by the ____________.

Answer 36

external urethral meatus, perineal body, two vestibular bulbs

Question 37

The __________ muscles surround the vestibular bulbs and vagina.

Answer 37

bulbospongiosus

Question 38

The greater vestibular glands drain into the ____________.

Answer 38

lower aspect of the vagina

Question 39

__________ are the spaces between the vaginal wall and the cervix.

Answer 39

Fornices

Question 40

Branches of the ___________ and __________ arteries are the primary blood supply of the uterus, uterine tubes and ovaries.

Answer 40

internal iliac and ovarian

Question 41

Branches of the ____________ and _____________ are the primary blood supply of the rectum.

Answer 41

inferior mesentaric and internal iliac

Question 42

Branches of the __________ are the primary blood supply of the bladder, distal ureters and urethra.

Answer 42

internal iliac

Question 43

Branches of the ____________ are the primary blood supply of the external genitilia.

Answer 43

internal pudendal

Question 44

The sacrotuberous ligament passes _________ to the sacrospinous ligament.

Answer 44

superficial

Question 45

The pudendal nerve and internal pudendal artery and vein pass ________ to the sacrospinous ligament.

Answer 45

posterior-lateral (superficial)

Question 46

The bulbospongiosus muscle is positioned directly __________ to the bulb of the vestibule.

Answer 46

superficial (lateral)

Question 47

The ischiocavernosus muscle is positioned directly _______ to the crus of the clitoris.

Answer 47

superficial

Question 48

The rectum is positioned __________ to the vagina and cervix and directly ___________ to the rectouterine pouch.

Answer 48

posterior, posterior

Question 49

The _______ is positioned posterior to the vagina and cervix and directly posterior to the rectouterine pouch.

Answer 49

rectum

Question 50

The uterus (body and fundus) is positioned _______ to the bladder.

Answer 50

posterior-superior

Question 51

The uterus (body and fundus) is positioned posterior-superior to the _______.

Answer 51

bladder

Question 52

The uterus is positioned directly ________ to the rectouterine pouch.

Answer 52

anterior

Question 53

The uterus is positioned directly anterior to the ___________.

Answer 53

rectouterine pouch

Question 54

The ovary is typically positioned _______ to the broad ligament of the uterus and ___________ to the uterine tube.

Answer 54

posterior, posterior-inferior

Question 55

The ovary is typically positioned posterior to the __________ of the uterus and posterior-inferior to the ____________.

Answer 55

broad ligament, uterine tube

Question 56

The urethra is positioned _______ to the vagina.

Answer 56

anterior

Question 57

The urethra is positioned anterior to the _______.

Answer 57

vagina

Question 58

The left common iliac vein is positioned ____________ to the common iliac artery.

Answer 58

posterior-medial

Question 59

The external iliac vein is positioned _________to the external iliac artery.

Answer 59

posterior-medial

Question 60

The obturator artery, vein and nerve pass _______ to the superior pubic ramus.

Answer 60

inferior

Question 61

The ureter passes __________ and _________ to the uterine artery.

Answer 61

posterior and inferior

Question 62

The ureter passes _______ and __________ to the vaginal artery.

Answer 62

superior and anterior

Question 63

The lumbosacral trunk passes _______ to the sacrum (ala).

Answer 63

anterior

Question 64

The pelvic diaphragm (levator ani muscle) is positioned _______ to the obturator internus muscle.

Answer 64

medial