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Conditions > visual conditions > Flashcards

visual conditions Flashcards

1
Q

visual impairments (4)

A
  • Cataracts
  • Diabetic retinopathy
  • Macular degeneration
  • Glaucoma
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2
Q

visual acquity deficitis (4)

A
  • Myopia
  • Hyperopia
  • Astigmatism
  • Contrast sensitivity
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3
Q

ocular impairments

A
  • Strabismus
  • Nystagmus
  • Convergence
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4
Q

visual field deficits (8)

A
  • Hemianopic visual field
  • Homonymous visual field deficits
  • homonymous hemianopia
  • Right homonymous hemianopia
  • Left hemianopic defects
  • Homonymous quadrantanopia
  • superior homonymous quadrantanopia
  • Inferior homonymous quadrantanopia
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5
Q

Cataracts

A
  • cloudy lens

- vision appears blurred; decreased visual acuity and contrast sensitivity

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6
Q

Diabetic retinopathy

A
  • deterioration of the centre of the retina

- loss of central or peripheral vision; blindness; decreased contrast and color discrimination

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7
Q

Macular degeneration

A
  • damage to the centre of the retina

- loss of central vision; decreased color sensitivity; decreased visual acuity

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8
Q

Glaucoma

A
  • damage to the optic nerve

- loss of peripheral vision

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9
Q

Myopia

A

nearsightedness

- can see near but can’t see far away

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10
Q

Hyperopia

A

farsightedness

- can see things far but can see things close

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11
Q

Astigmatism

A

asymmetrical or distorted vision at any distance

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12
Q

Contrast sensitivity

A

inability to perceive contrast

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13
Q

Strabismus

A
  • misalignment of the eyes
  • cannot move one or both eyes through full ROM
  • no smooth pursuit
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14
Q

Nystagmus

A

small, involuntary, and repetitive movements of the eyes

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15
Q

diplopia

A

seeing two images of a single object

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16
Q

convergence

A
  • blurred vision, inattentive, decreased concentration
17
Q

Hemianopic visual field

A

loss of half of the visual field

18
Q

Homonymous visual field deficits

A

Damage to the posterior optic chiasm results - loss of the same field in each eye.

19
Q

homonymous hemianopia

A

loss of the entire half of the visual field

20
Q

Right homonymous hemianopia

A
  • damage to the nasal half of the retina in the right eye and the vision from the left side of the left retina is lost
  • loss of the right half of the visual field
21
Q

Left hemianopic defects

A

damage to the right side of the visual pathway posterior to the optic chiasm

22
Q

Homonymous quadrantanopia

A

loss of ¼ of each visual field

23
Q

superior homonymous quadrantanopia

A

damage to Meyer’s loop

24
Q

Inferior homonymous quadrantanopia

A

damage to the optic radiation underlying the parietal cortex

25
Q

Interventions: Remediation

A

Start here first
Only possible for oculomotor conditions
Do scanning and tracking exercise
For saccades, start exercise farther away and come closer when control is gained
For oculomotor conditions, may have to refer
Decreased acuity = remediation is not possible

26
Q

interventions: Compensation

A

Moving objects closer to the eyes, pacing techniques, line guides, anchors, placing a finger along the lines while reading

27
Q

interventions: Adaptation

A

Process of using changes in the environment or changing the demands of the tasks to increase safety and function
Adjusting placement and intensity of lighting, increasing contrast between items, adjusting print size, and audible devices

28
Q

intervention: Cataracts

A

Colour and contrast enhancement
Magnification
Organisational strategies
Management of lighting

29
Q

intervention: Glaucoma

A 
Education on impairment 
 Colour and contrast enhancement
Glare control
Visual skills training
Organisational strategies
Magnification
30
Q

intervention: Diabetic retinopathy

A 
Colour and contrast enhancement
Glare control
Management of lighting 
Magnification
Visual skills trainingin
31
Q

intervention: Macular degeneration

A 
Colour and contrast enhancement
Safety education
Management of lighting 
Magnification
Visual skills training
Sensory substitutions
Teach eccentric viewing strategies

Conditions (12 decks)

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