Vit D

Question 1

What stimulates renal 1a-hydroxylase?

Answer 1

PTH

Question 2

What is the active form of vitamin D?

Answer 2

1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol

Question 3

What is the site of hydroxylation to 25 hydroxycholecalciferol (inactive vitamin D)>?

Answer 3

Liver

Question 4

The renal production of active vitamin D is regulated by what?

Answer 4

Plasma parathyroid hormone levels, serum calcium levels, and phosphorus levels

Question 5

What is second to PTH as a major regularly hormone for Ca++?

Answer 5

Vitamin D

Question 6

Vitamin promotes mineralization of what?

Answer 6

New bone

Question 7

What is the site of major action of vitamin D?

Answer 7

Intestine

Question 8

The intestine induces the synthesis of what>?

Answer 8

Calbindin D-28 K

Question 9

What is a vitamin D dependent calcium binding protein and a cytosol if protein that can bind 4 Ca++

Answer 9

Calbindin D-28 K

Question 10

What two organs increase both Ca++ and phosphate absorption ?

Answer 10

Kidney and intestines

Question 11

What acts synergistically with PTH to stimulate osteoclast activity and bone reabsorption ?

Answer 11

Bone

Question 12

What is a vitamin deficiency in children?

Answer 12

Rickets

Question 13

Insufficient amount of Ca++ and phosphate are available to mineralize glowing bones is a cause of what?

Answer 13

Rickets

Question 14

If it rare for children to develop rickets if there is vitamin D supplementation and adequate sun exposure ?

Answer 14

Yes

Question 15

A vitamin D deficiency in adults causes what?

Answer 15

Osteomalacia

Question 16

When new bone fails to mineralize which leads to the softening of weight bring bones, these are symptoms of what?

Answer 16

Osteomalacia

Question 17

What should be measured to determine secondary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 17

Blood 25 (OH) D

(NOT 1,25 (25) D

Question 18

A vitamin D deficiency can lead to what (besides rickets and osteomalacia)

Answer 18

Hypocalcemia

Question 19

How can you differentiate secondary hyperparathyroidism from primary?

Answer 19

Plasma calcium is low or normal

Question 20

What is the normal range for Blood 25 (OH) D?

Answer 20

Between 30-80 no/ml (toxic above 150)

Question 21

Does excessive exposure to sunlight cause vitamin D3 intoxication? **

Answer 21

NOOOOOO

Question 22

Exposure of arms and legs for how long a day and between what times are best ?

Answer 22

5-30 min and 10 AM and 3 PM

Question 23

What is a good dietary source of vitamin D ?

Answer 23

Oily fish

Question 24

In northern latitudes inffufficent UV-B Rays from when to when to produce vitamin D?

Answer 24

November to March

Question 25

What is the supplementation of vitamin D from birth to 50?

Answer 25

200

Question 26

What is the supplemental recommendation of VIT D from 51-70?

Answer 26

400

Question 27

VIT D supplementation after 70?

Answer 27

600

Question 28

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with what?

Answer 28

Cardiovascular disease, cancer, infection, MS, childhood asthma, tuberculosis, muscle aches, bone pain

Question 29

Does every cell in your body express VIT D receptors

Answer 29

Yes

Question 30

What is capable of destroying mycobacterium tuberculosis or LPS?

Answer 30

Cathelincidin

Question 31

What are the 3 functions of Vitamin D>?

Answer 31

Control inflammation, Muscle strength, blood pressure

Question 32

Vitamin D inhibits what? And causes?

Answer 32

Renin (can lead to hypertension)

Question 33

Lack of vitamin D can increase inflammatory factors including what?

Answer 33

C reactive protein

Question 34

In chronic renal failure production of active calcium is_______and PTH levels are ________?

Answer 34

Low, high

Question 35

What other disease is associated chronic renal failure due do lack of vitamin D?

Answer 35

Osteomalacia

Question 36

Calcitonin is synthesized by what?

Answer 36

Parafollicular C cells of the thyroid gland

Question 37

Calcitonin gene directs synthesis of what>?

Answer 37

Preprocalcitonin

Question 38

Major stimulus for calcitonin secretion is what?

Answer 38

Increased plasma Ca++

Question 39

What is the major function of calcitonin ?

Answer 39

Inhibit osteoclast if bone reabsorption