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Biochemistry by mgcMD > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

Form of Vit A
Gowth development
Tissue differentiation

A

Retinoic acid

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2
Q

Form of Vit A

Support gamtogenesis

A

Retinol retinal

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3
Q

Form of Vit A

Antioxidant

A

Beta carotene

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4
Q

Cholecalciferol (D3) / Ergocarciferol (D2)

Normally formed in the skin from 7-dehydrocholesterpl when exposed to sunlight

A

D3

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5
Q

Cholecalciferol (D3) / Ergocarciferol (D2)

Fatty fish, liver, egg yolk

A

D3

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6
Q

Cholecalciferol (D3) / Ergocarciferol (D2)

Commonly added to milk and butter

A

D2

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7
Q

Active form of vit D

Products of hydroxylation in liver and kidney

A

1,25 dihydroxyvitamin

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8
Q

Coenzyme for

Pyruvate dehydrogenase
a-kg dehydrogenase
BCAA dh
Transketolases

A

Vit B1

Thiamine pyrophosphate

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9
Q

Confusion
Ataxia
Opththalmoplegia
Nystagmus

A

Wernicke encephalopathy

B1

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10
Q

Amnesia
Confabulation
Hallucinations

A

Korsakoff syndrome

B1

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11
Q

Dry skin
Irritability
Disordered thinking
Progressive paralysis

A

Adult beri beri

B1

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12
Q

TachycardiaVomiting
Seizures
Death

A

Infantile beri beri

B1

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13
Q

Active forms of Vit B2

A

Flavine mononucleotide FMN

Flavibe adenine dinucleitide FAD

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14
Q

Sources of B1

A

Pork fish seafood beef yoghurt

Rice cereals bread flour

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15
Q

Sources of riboflavin B2

A

Milk eggs

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16
Q 
Electron carriers in redox reactions:
mitochondrial respiratory chain
fatty acid oxidatIon
AA oxidation
Krebs cycle
A

Riboflavin B2

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17
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis
Cheilosislangular stomatitis
Desquammation and inflammation of the tongue

A

Riboflavin

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18
Q

Active forms of B3

A

NAD+ and NADP+

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19
Q

May be synthesized from tryptophan, in a process that requires PYRIDOXINE

A

B3 Niacin

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20
Q

Sources of B3

A

Cereal, milk, lean meat, liver

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21
Q

Coenzyme for redox reactions

Source of ADP-ribose for nucleoproteins involved in DNA repair

A

B3 Niacin

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22
Q

Inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue and is thus used to treat hyperlipidemia

A

B3 Niacin

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23
Q

Diarrhea
Dermatitis
Dementia
Death

A

Pellagra

Niacin

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24
Q

Con-based diet
Hartnup dse
Carcinoid syndrome
Isoniazid use

A

B3 def

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25
Skin irritation Dilatation of blood vessels causing flushing Liver damage
B3 niacin
26
Active form of B5 (pantothenic acid)
Coenzyme A
27
Part of coenzyme A and acyk carrier protein for FA synthesis and metabolism
Pantothenic acid B5
28
Rare | Peripheral nerve damage (nutritional melalgia or “burning foot syndrome)
B5 Pantothenic acid
29
Active form of vit b6
Pyridoxal 5’ phosphate
30
Sources of pyridoxine
Pyridoxine from potatoes and other starchy vegtables, non-citrus fruits
31
Sources of pyridoxal and pyridoxamine
Meat
32
Coenzyme for transamination of AA
Pyridoxine
33
Coenzyme for decarboxylation of glutamate and histidine | ALA synthase
Pyridoxine
34
Coenzyme for cystathionine synthase
Pyridoxine
35
Coenzyme for synthesis of niacin from tryotophan
Pyridoxine
36
Coenzyme for glycogen phosohorylase
Pyridoxine
37
Avtive form of B9
Tetrahydrofolate
38
Sources of B9 folic acid
Fresh green veggies | Liver
39
Receives one-carbon fragments from donors (eg serine, glycine, histidine) and transfers them to imtermediates in the synthesis of AA, purines, and thymine
B9 folic acid
40
Megalobkastic anemia | NTD
B9 def
41
2 Active forms of B12
Methylcobalamin | Deoxyadenosylcobalamin
42
Coenzyme for methionine synthase | And methyl malonyl CoA mutase
B12 cobalamin
43
Pernicious anemia Megaloblastic anemia due to lack of tetrahydrofolate forms needed in purine and thymine synthesis Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord
B12 cobalamin
44
Coenzyme for copper and iron containing hydroxylases: Proline and lysine hydroxylases in collagen Dopamine beta hydroxylase
Vit C
45
Enhances absorption of inorganic iron
Vit C
46
Active form of Vit H
Enzyme-bound biotin
47
Absorption is inhibited by avidin in egg whites
Biotin
48
Coenzyme for Pyruvate carboxylase Acetyl CoA carboxylase Propionyl CoA carboxylase
Biotin
49
Specific tests for vitamin deficiencies | B1
Erythrocyte transketolase activity assay
50
Specific tests for vitamin deficiencies | B6
Erythrocyte transaminase assay
51
Specific tests for vitamin deficiencies | Vitamin B12
Schilling test | Methylmalonic acid test
52
Specific tests for vitamin deficiencies | B9
Formiminoglytamic acid (FIGlu) excretion test) folate
53
Partially denatured derivative of ferritin that predominates when tissue stores are high
Hemosiderin
54
``` Mineral constituent of metalloenzymes: Carbonic anhydrase Cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase Alcohol dh Carboxyoeltidase A and B DNA and RNA polymerase ```
Zinc
55
Dermatitis, poor wound healing, hair loss, neuropsych impairment, dec taste acuity, poor growth and testicular atrophy
Zinc def | Acrodermatitis enteripathica
56
``` Major cofactor for enzymes that use oxygen as one of their substrates such as: Cytochrome oxidase Dopamin b-hydroxylase Monoamine oxidase Tyrosinase Lysyl oxidase Cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase ```
Copper
57
X-linked recessive Def of ATP-dependent membrane transporter for copper Impaired transfer of copper from intestinal mucosa Growth retardation, mental deficiency, seizures, arterial aneurysms, bone demineralization, brittke hair
Menkes syndrome Copper def
58
Hepatolentocular degeneration Intestinal absorption of copper is intact but biliary excretion is blocked Copper accumulation in tx Keyser fleisher ringsLow 3 methylhistidine in urine
Wilson dse
59
Pyshosis and parkinsonism
Manganese madness | Excess Mn
60
Mineral component of xanthine oxidase
Molybdenum
61
Occurs in 20 human proteins, includinf glutathione peroxidase
Selenium (as selenicysteine)
62
Low selenium content Cardiomyopathy Endemic in china
Keshan dse

Biochemistry by mgcMD (19 decks)

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