vocabulary from online ex Flashcards

(329 cards)

1
Q

to hand in - an essay/document/etc.

A

to give something to someone in a position of authority

The professor let us hand in our essays a day late last term.

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2
Q

tidy up
tidy st up

A

mettere in ordine/riordinare

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3
Q

to hand in - a document/an essay etc.

A

to give something to someone in a position of authority

The professor let us hand in our essays a day late last term.

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4
Q

to clean up

A

fare le pulizie
pulire/ripulire

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5
Q

litter

A

rifiuti/immondizia (uncountable)
la sabbia della lettiera

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6
Q

grumpy

A

irritabile/scontroso

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7
Q

accustom to

be accustomed to/ to doing st

A

abituare a qualcosa
Years of living in Morocco have accustomed me to hot weather.

essere abituato a qualcosa/a fare qualcosa

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8
Q

you will be told by John later

John gave a bar of chocolate to Jill (start with ‘Jill’).

A

passive of –> john will tell you later

Jill was given a bar of chocolate (by John)

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9
Q

read to

A

leggere a qualcuno

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10
Q

laugh at someone/something

A

ridire di qualcosa/qualcuno

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11
Q

to be the case

A

If you say that something is the case, you mean that it is true or correct.

You’ll probably notice her having difficulty swallowing. If this is the case, give her plenty of liquids.

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12
Q

utter
to utter

A

completo/assoluto/totale
dire/proferire/pronunciare

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13
Q

cosa c’è per cena ?
cosa c’era per cena ?

A

what’s for dinner ?
what was for dinner ?

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14
Q

come sta tua nonna ?

A

How’s your grandmother ?

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15
Q

con chi vai a correre ?

A

“Who do you go running with?”

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16
Q

quanto è l’affitto per il tuo appartamento ?

A

“How much is the rent on your flat?”

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17
Q

Close the window, please
Could you close the window please?
Would you mind closing the window please?

A

same meaning

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18
Q

pavement

A

= sidewalk
marciapiede

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19
Q

pedestrian crossing

A

= crosswalk
attraversamento pedonale

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20
Q

road signs/traffic signs

A

segnali stradali

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21
Q

to have a moment

A

INFORMAL
be currently popular or in fashion.

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22
Q

be on your way

be on your way to

be on you way to doing st

be on your way/well on your way to st

be on your way

A

1) If you are on your way, you have started your journey somewhere.

He has been allowed to leave the country and is on his way to Britain.

stare arrivando/ essere per strada

2) essere in viaggio per/stare arrivando a

3) essere sulla buona strada per/essere a buon punto in

4) If you are on your way or well on your way to something, you have made so much progress that you are almost certain to achieve that thing.

I am now out of hospital and well on the way to recovery.

5) informal = to leave

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23
Q

makeover

A

cambio di stile/ di aspetto (capelli/aspetto fisico)
ristrutturazione/rinnovo

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24
Q

a fortnight

A

due settimane

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25
fill-up/ (informal) gas up/ gas st up
fare benzina
26
fingers names
https://www.adda247.com/school/fingers-name/
27
twist st twist
attorcigliare/aggrovigliare girare/ruotare distorcere (figurativo) serpeggiare distorcersi/slogarsi (infortunio) 2) curva/svolta piega/torsione distorsione twist (ballo)
28
stick st out stick out
tirare fuori spuntare fuori/sporgere Other children tease him because his ears stick out. 2) spiccare/risaltare
29
sprain st sprain
slogare/storcere 2) distorsione/slogatura/storta
30
pipe dream
sogno impossibile/irrealizzabile
31
to fancy
fantasticare desiderare/avere voglia di
32
to mind
care/object (dispiacere) I'd like to sit here. Do you mind? mind st = pensare/badare (informal) Mind your own behaviour and don't tell others what to do. Pensa agli affari tuoi e non dire agli altri cosa fare. mind someone = sorvegliare/ badare (animali/bambini) (informal) My sister minds the kids for me while I'm working. mind st = fare attenzione/stare attento a Mind where you walk; the floor is wet. mind doing st = object to/dispiacersi Do you mind having to babysit for your brothers so often?
33
gibberish
nonsense / linguaggio privo di senso
34
moist
umido
35
spotless
very clean senza macchia/puro (figurativo)
36
mince (n) v v
carne macinata macinare/tritare/sminuzzare camminare impettito
37
pinpoint
definire con precisione (la causa esatta) localizzare (il posto esatto)
38
badmouth s
sparlare di/ parlare male di (informal) qualcuno
39
mild
lieve/tenue/debole leggere/dolce (sapore) mite/temperato (weather) bonario/gentile (person)
40
cut down
ridurre il consumo cut down on st = ridurre il consumo di qualcosa cut st down = ridurre When the team decided to cut down their roster, everyone was upset. cut someone down = abbattere/uccidere (figurative) cut st down/cut down st = abbattere (alberi)
41
to report
make news public report on s/st = fare un resoconto su qualcuno/qualcosa report st = denunciare alla polizia report st to s = denunciare qualcosa a qualcuno to give an official notification (riportare) fare rapporto (to arrive - militare)
42
recall
ricordare (o ricordo) richiamare (prodotti difettosi) bring back ( far tornare)
43
to claim
sostenere affermare chiedere/richiedere
44
boneheaded
ridiculous/foolish
45
dull
boring colour, light: not bright = spento/sbiadito (sound: muffled) = sordo/attenuato/soffocato weather = fosco/grigio blade = smussato
46
uninspiring
scialbo/sciatto/mediocre
47
It's about the time
used to say often in an annoyed way that something should have happened sooner.
48
sono trascorsi 30 giorni da
ex. 30 days have gone by
49
to retaliate
vendicarsi
50
to confide
confidarsi
51
serene
sereno/calmo (persona o weather)
52
tip-off
tip s off = informare qualcuno/avvisare/avvertire (informal) fare una soffiata su qualcosa (informal) a warning or information that something may happen: He began cutting classes – a tip-off that he was in trouble.
53
dwindling
adjective: gradually diminishing in size, amount, or strength.
54
afield
in campagna far afield = lontano
55
dearth
lack - scarsità/carenza
56
half-arse
do (something) with little effort or care. adjective done with little effort or care. arse = as
57
alas
ahimè
58
semiaperto
half-open ajar (door) (@djaa)
59
sketchy
abbozzato losco/sospetto
60
memorial
monumento commemorativo adj = alla memoria/commemorativo
61
fall off
1) become detached and drop to the ground 2) decrease in number, amount, intensity, or quality.
62
shed
casotto fare la muta
63
quirk (kweark)
peculiarità/particolarità stranezza vezzo
64
unpalatable
sgradito/odioso adj = sgradevole/non invitante
65
old-timer
informal anziano veterano (experienced)
66
single out
single st/s out: identificare selezionare single s out for st = to give particular attention to someone single out s for st = prendere di mira Liam's classmates singled him out for bullying because he was shy.
67
refinery
raffineria
68
halt (holt)
fermarsi/arrestarsi (to stop) halt st = (to stop st)
69
stress out
informal = essere stressato, essere ansioso Alex has an exam tomorrow and he's really stressing out. Domani Alex ha un esame ed è decisamente stressato.
70
stir (steh)
mix (mescolare)
71
as good as it gets as (bad/beauty etc.) as it gets
informal used to say that nothing better is possible or available It's not a great restaurant, but in this part of the city, it's as good as it gets. —used to say that something is very good and cannot be improved There's nothing I enjoy more than spending time at home with my family. That's as good as it gets.
72
hence
perciò/quindi/allora (therefore)
73
to frame
incorniciare
74
to balloon
figurative (grow exponentially) figurative (money, debt: grow) = accrescere/ingigantire figurative, informal (person: put on weight) = ingrassare
75
come si chiama ?
what's his name ? /what's he called ?
76
ti piace ?
do you like It ? do you enjoy It ?
77
sono andato a stare da/con
I went to stay with
78
vorresti del cioccolato ? mangiamo del pollo
would you like some chocolate ? Have a chocolate Let's have chicken
79
Ci sono dei problemi ? (neutral) C'e qualche problema ? (confrontational)
Are there any problems ? Is there any problem ?
80
actions done intentionally to punish other people because they have done something unpleasant to you
Tit for tat/retaliation (ritalietion)
81
da quanto tempo la conosci ? La conosco da molto tempo
How long have you known her ? I've known her for a long time
82
ha vissuto lì tutta la sua vita
She has lived there all her life
83
arrivare a casa/ tornare a casa
to get home
84
posso fare una domanda ? (polite)
May I ask a question ?
85
fila/coda
queue (kiu)
86
"tell me something about it"
What's it like ?
87
con chi ?
who with ?
88
di cosa era spaventato ?
What was he afraid of ?
89
in quale ospedale è ?
Which hospital is he in ?
90
con chi sta parlando ?
Who is she talking to ?
91
a chi appartengono questi libri ?
Who do these books belong to ?
92
con chi sta andando ?
Who is she going with ?
93
in che hotel sei stato ?
Which/what hotel did you stay at ?
94
management
manegment
95
Di che marca è la tua TV ?
what make is your TV ?
96
make (noun)
brand/model
97
Quanto tempo ci vuole per andare da A a B (con l'aereo) ? Ci vogliono due ore
How long does It take (by plane) from A to B ? It takes two hours
98
Quanto tempo ci vuole per imparare una lingua?
How long does It take to learn a language ?
99
Quanto tempo ci impieghi per leggere un libro ?
How long does It take you to read a book ?
100
arrivare (raggiungere)qui /a Roma
to get here/to get to Rome
101
tubo di scarico
drain pipe
102
by using; with the aid of; through. (per mezzo di, attraverso)
by means of
103
verb + somebody + to + something Negativo ?
want = I want you to be happy would like = Would you like me to lend you some money ? ask = Sue asked a friend to lend her some money tell = I told you to be careful advise = What do you advise me to do ? expect = I didn't expect them to be here persuade = We persuade Carl to come with us teach = I'm teaching my brother ro swim verb + somebody + not + to
104
make and let
bare infinitive = make/let me do It
105
sono andato al negozio per comprare un giornale /per il giornale
to + verb I went to the shop to buy a newspaper for + noun I went to the shop for a newspaper
106
Stai aspettando il bus ? Sto aspettando di partire Stanno aspettando che il semaforo cambi
Are you waiting for the bus ? I'm waiting to go They are waiting for the lights to change
107
go on (quando si usa) go for ? go + ing
holiday a trip a tour a cruise a strike We're going on holiday next week go (somewhere) for - a walk a run a swim a drink a meal She's gone for a walk many sports + shopping swimming fishing sailing jogging skiing etc. she went shopping
108
get +noun get + adjective get to a place get in/out/on/off
receive, buy, find = I got an email from Susan this morning take a bus/taxi etc. = I got the bus get + adjective = become I hope she gets better get to a place = arrive get here/get there get home get in(into) a car get out of a car get on a bus get off the bus
109
lose your way
to get lost
110
prepararsi
to get ready
111
cosa fai nel tempo libero ?
What do you do in your free time ?
112
fare un favore a qualcuno
do somebody a favour
113
fare attività fisica
do an exercise (exercises)
114
fare compere/stirare/cucinare/fare il bucato etc.
do the shopping/the ironing/the cooking/the washing etc.
115
fare rumore
make a noise
116
fare il letto
make a bed
117
prendere un appuntamento
make an appointment
118
fare una foto
take a picture/photo
119
Ask somenone about his flight
Did you have a good/nice flight ?
120
ho mangiato una pizza ieri
I had a pizza yesterday
121
dare un'occhiata
to have a look (at something)
122
di chi sono questi soldi ? same (ma senza noun) sono di John
whose money is this ? whose is this ? It's John's
123
soddisfare - accontentare - fare contento/piacere essere veramente contento/soddisfatto
to please to be very pleased
124
l'abbiamo invitata a stare con noi nella nostra casa
We invited her to stay with us at our house
125
they are having a good time
They are enjoying themselves
126
dove sei stato ieri sera ? Sono stato a casa di Paul
Where were you last night ? I was at Paul's (=Paul's house)
127
lui non aveva un ombrello, quindi gli ha dato il suo (femminile)
He didn't have an umbrella, so she gave him hers (or she gave her umbrella to him)
128
per favore, dammelo
Please, give It to me
129
un mio amico
a friend of mine
130
loudly
laudli
131
pair
pe@
132
scissors
siz@z
133
pyjamas
pidjaam@z
134
another
@nath@
135
carton
kaat@n
136
loaf
l@uf = pagnotta/pane
137
ceiling
soffitto (of a room) upper limit (tetto/limite - figurative)
138
beacon
biik@n luce/segnale luminoso illuminazione/sorgente di luce (figurative, inspiring) The speaker's words were like a beacon of inspiration for the crowd
139
picture
image drawing photograph
140
puoi dirmi l'ora ?
Ca you tell me the time, please ?
141
fire brigade
brigheid fai@ vigili del fuoco
142
hanno la stessa età
they are the same age
143
viviamo in campagna a circa 10 miglia dalla città
We live in the country about ten miles from the city
144
faccende
chore/business/job
145
mountain
mauntin
146
Amazon
am@z@n
147
It's ok
that's all right
148
introduce someone
Hi, this is my friend John
149
phone conversation: Ciao, sono Giovanni! Parlo con Sara ?
Hi, This is Giovanni ! Is that Paola ?
150
(with to) to give oneself or take (food etc) servirsi
Help yourself Help yourself to another piece of cake ‘Can I have a pencil?’ ‘Certainly – help yourself He helped himself to (= stole) my jewellery.
151
fare delle domande a qualcuno
to ask someone some questions The police want to ask you some questions
152
la farmacia si trova in via Mill
The chemist is in Mill Road
153
qui vicino
near here
154
body - somebody/anybody etc.
body
155
bottom
bottom
156
attraverso qualcosa (usando qualcosa)
by the means of broadcast = to transmit or make public by means of radio or television
157
in, con (using the means of)
by Should we go by car or by taxi?
158
adhere
@dhi@
159
sneak
move silently = strisciare/sgattaiolare
160
to move along (alon)
advance, go forward The train was moving along at great speed leave, go on your way The officer told the boys to move along.
161
poche opportunità, poche occasioni
little opportunity In some places, there's little opportunity for work so unemployment is high.
162
parlo un po' di russo voglio un po' di zucchero
I speak a little Russian I want a little sugar
163
dove è andato in vacanza ?
Where did he go for his holiday ? / where did he spend his holiday ? where did he go on holiday ?
164
andare in campeggio
to go camping (kamping)
165
stava aspettando di fronte alla banca
he was waiting opposite = in front of the bank
166
stava in piedi sull'angolo
he was standing on the corner (kone(r))
167
è stato l'inizio
It was the start/beginning
168
il tempo è cambiato rispetto a stamattina
the weather has changed compared to this morning
169
hanno iniziato a tornare a casa
they have started/have been starting to come back home
170
quando le hai viste l'ultima volta ?
when did you last see them ?
171
non ho ancora finito (di leggerlo, usarlo etc.)
I haven't finished with It yet
172
quando è accaduto/successo ?
when was that ? when did It happen ?
173
se n'è andato o è ancora lì ? (per esempio ti stai levando dello sporco dalla faccia)
Has it gone/disappeared or is it still there ?
174
sono seduto in giardino
I'm sitting in the garden
175
cassette
k@set tape: for recording)
176
on business
doing something connected with your job: I'm in Baltimore on business.
177
questo è tutto per ora
that's all for now
178
blow st down
If something blows down, or if the wind blows something down, that thing falls to the ground because the wind blows it: The wind blew our fence down last night.
179
staff
plural (as all the collective names) the staff are checked everyday
180
send st off send someone off
1) inviare/mandare - spedire 2) to order a sports player to leave the playing area during a game because they have done something wrong: He was sent off for swearing at the referee. to express good wishes and say goodbye to someone who is leaving a place: A buffet lunch was organized to send her off in style.
181
take s/st off
to remove (or depart for flights)
182
walk up
(approach on foot) = avvicinarsi a, andare verso A stranger walked up and asked me the way to the beach wook(really close)
183
dovremo chiedergli di venire con noi ?
Shall we ask him to come with us ?
184
turn up (v) n
(arrive, be present): I didn't expect him to turn up at my party as he wasn't invited. saltare fuori, uscire fuori (informal) = Don't worry about your glasses: they'll turn up. turn st up = (increase output, volume) N: turn-ups = risvolti dei pantaloni turn-up (informal) = sorpresa What a turn-up it was when Dave burst in shouting "Stop the wedding!"
185
venire a cena
to come to dinner
186
te ne compro uno nuovo
I'll buy you a new one
187
non potrò venire perchè sarò in vacanza
I can't come because I'll be on holiday
188
term
(part of the school year)
189
comincia il 3 di settembre
It starts on September 3rd
190
lend vs borrow
When you give something, you lend it; when you get or receive something, you borrow it: Can I borrow your dictionary? Not: Can I lend your dictionary?
191
needen't (costruzione)
You needn't do the washing up = you don't need to do the washing up
192
hai un auto ? No, ma David ne ha una
have you got a car ? No, I Havent' got a car but David Has
193
footstep footsteps
the sound or mark made by a person walking as their foot touches the ground the route or journey a person takes in order to reach a place or to achieve something:
194
quante settimane di vacanza hai ?
How many weeks holiday do you have/get ?
195
sei andato all'università ?
Did you go to university ? /Did you study at university ?
196
to vs for
to --> followed by a verb for --> followed by a noun
197
scrivere a qualcuno
write to someone
198
parlare a qualcuno
talk to someone
199
telefonare a qualcuno
telephone someone (he telephoned us)
200
è stato bello sentirti
It was nice/good to hear from you
201
send someone's love to someone
to express someone's good feelings to someone else: Maggie sends her love to you and the kids.
202
scrivere l'uno all'altro
to write to each other
203
il poster con l'elefante è di Mike
the elephant poster is Mike's
204
to have dinner=
to eat dinner
205
posso prendere in prestito la tua penna ?
Can I borrow your pen ? (to borrow st) bor@u
206
katy ha preso in prestito una gonna da sua sorella Katy ha preso in prestito dei soldi per pagare la vacanza
Katy borrowed a skirt from her sister (to borrow st from s) = prendere in prestito da Katy borrowed some money to pay for the vacation (borrow st to do st)
207
charcoal
a) for barbecue = carbonella b) drawing pencil = carboncino c) disegno a carboncino 4) colour: dark grey = adj or n
208
fiammifero
match/matchstick
209
vuoi andare a mangiare qualcosa ?
would you like to go for something to eat ? would you like something to eat ?
210
non avere nulla da fare
I have (got) nothing to do
211
qualcosa da dire/di cui parlare
something to say/to talk about
212
sit vs seat
sit = verb seat (siit) = a noun that refers to a place to sit or an object used for sitting. (siit)
213
busy (bizi)
a) occupato/impegnato b) busy with st/ busy doing st c) telephone (in use) d) with many people (locale) = pieno
214
fuori dalla finestra
out of the window
215
né...né
neither...nor Non voglio mangiare né carne né pesce. I want to eat neither meat nor fish.
216
further
f@@th@
217
quanto dista la stazione ? Circa due miglia
How far is it to the station ? About 2 miles
218
aggettivi che non cambiano come avverbi o che assumo altre forme
hard fast late early good --> well (it can be also an adjective = in good health)
219
warm worse better
woom w@@s bet@
220
polite --> comparative ?
more polite
221
patient
peish@nt
222
il tempo è migliore di ieri. Non fa così freddo come ieri.
The weather is better than yesterday. It isn't as cold
223
la vita è più costosa di prima la vita non è così economica come prima
life is more expensive than It was life is not as cheap as It was
224
qual è la città più grande dove sei stato ?
What's the largest city you've been to ?
225
scary=?
frightening (frait@ning)
226
enough
inaf
227
loud
high in volume noisy sonoro figurative (garish, brightly coloured) = sgargiante/vistoso
228
non ci sono abbastanza sedie per fare sedere tutti
there aren't ENOUGH chairs FOR everybody TO sit down
229
lei parla troppo veloce perché io possa capirla
She speaks too fast for me to understand
230
borrowed
boroud
231
non dimenticherò mai quello che hai detto
I'll never forget what you said
232
Tina è gia lì ?
is Tina already there ?
233
always often usually sometimes occasionally ever never rarely seldom also just already still all both
oolweiz of@n jujueli samtaimz @keidj@n@li ev@ nev@ re@li seld@m oolsou djast oolredi stil ool bouth
234
wide --> opposite ?
narrow (narou)
235
fed up
fed-up adj = informal (weary, exasperated) averne fin sopra i capelli/ non poterne più di qualcosa You look fed up. What's wrong? Sembra che tu ne abbia fin sopra i capelli. Cos'è successo?
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weary
wi@ri tired (tai@d) = sfinito/easusto weary of s/st = to tire = stancarsi di/stufarsi di I'm starting to weary of crime dramas
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addormentato (adj + verb)
adj = asleep addormentarsi = to fall asleep to be asleep = stare dormendo He's asleep = sta dormendo
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neighbour neighbourhood
neib@ neib@hud
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or so because also as well
oo(r) sou bik@z oolsou az well
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depart in a vehicle = allontanarsi
drive away or drive off drive s/st away = spingere ad andarsene (repel/force to leave) She drove him away with her constant nagging. drive s/st off = chase away (cacciare/mandare via)
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vuoi che venga con te, o devo aspettare qui ? vuoi andare fuori, o sei troppo stanco ?
Do you want me to come with you, or Shall I wait for here ? Do you want to go out, or are you too tired ?
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mio padre è andato per la prima volta ad una partita di calcio nel 1975 e ci va ancora oggi ogni settimana
My father first went to a football game in 1975 and he still goes every week
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so che andavi a nuotare regolarmente quando eri giovani. Ci vai ancora ogni giorno ?
I know you went swimming regularly when you were younger. Do you still go/swim every day ?
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that/who/which quando di usano ?
A) when It is the subject I met a woman who (subject) can speak 6 languages B) you don't use them when It is the object The bag (that) he is carrying (object) is really heavy What is Kate going to do with the money (that) she won *-+*3
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subject vs object questions
A) Subject questions don’t take auxiliary verbs, and the verb is in its correct tense if it were a sentence. What killed him? Who killed him? Who ate the last piece of cake? What happened ? B) Object questions take auxiliaries like ‘do,’ ‘does,’ ‘did’ or similar, and the verb is in the infinitive form. What did he do? — (Object: what; Subject: he; Infinitive Verb: do) Where does he live? When will we arrive? Where did it happen?
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7 Marzo 7 Marzo 1962
7th March = pronunciation (The 7th of March) 7th March 1962 = The 7th of March of 1962 Month,weekday and festivity names are always with the capital letter --> March, Monday, Christmas etc.
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che giorno è oggi ? è il 19 è il 19 Maggio
What date is it ? what is the date today ? what is today's date ? It's/the date is / today is the 19th It's the 19th May (the 19th of May)
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until since at for before during after while
antiol sins at fo(r) bifo(r) diurin afte(r) wail
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pupil
pjuup@l allievo/scolaro/studente pupilla (eye)
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to go shopping vs to do the shopping
go shopping is for anything but groceries. do the shopping is for groceries. There isn't necessarily any routine aspect to this action. example: I like to go shopping the weekend after payday. I need to go shopping for a new coat. To do the shopping describes the regular process of going to the supermarket to buy food and the other necessary items we need to live on a day to day basis.
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è seduta al tavolo
she's sitting at the table
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sono sul balcone
they are on the balcony
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in cima alla collina
at the top of the hill
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sulla strada per/verso
on the way to on the way to work on the way home
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in bed vs on the bed
The covers on a bed above the mattress are part of the bed. So, if you are sitting while you are atop the covers, you are sitting “on” the bed. If you are sitting while you are beneath the covers, you are sitting “in” the bed
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dopo l'incidente tre persone sono state portate all'ospedale
after the accident three people were taken to hospital
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fondare
to found (faund)
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chiamare qualcuno (oltre a phone e call) suonare il campanello suonare al citofono
to ring someone up: Ring Paul up and ask what he’s doing tonight. to ring the bell/doorbell to ring the intercom (intekom) to buzz (informal): I'll buzz you later, when I get back from my walk.
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round the clock round-the-world trip/vacation/tour etc.
ventiquattr'ore su ventiquattro, giorno e notte intorno al mondo/giro del mondo
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spero che tutto ti vada bene
I hope all is well with you
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partire per Londra
to leave for London
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Look forward to
foow@d 1) Look forward to something means to be pleased or excited that it is going to happen. The ‘to’ in look forward to is a preposition, so we must follow it by a noun phrase or a verb in the -ing form: I’m looking forward to the holidays. A: Are you excited about your trip to South America? B: Yes, I’m looking forward to it. We’re looking forward to going to Switzerland next month. If the second verb has a different subject, we use the object form of the pronoun, not the subject form: We’re looking forward to him arriving next week. 2) We also use look forward to at the end of formal letters and formal emails to say that we hope to hear from someone or expect that something will happen. We use the present simple form: I look forward to your reply. I look forward to hearing from you soon. We look forward to receiving payment for the services detailed above.
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authority
oothor@ti
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to close (st) down
If a business or organization closes down or someone closes it down, it stops operating: All the mines in this area were closed down in the 1980s. Our local butcher is closing down.
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il negozio di libri è tra la banca ed il supermercato
The bookshop is between the bank and the supermarket
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into onto
intuu ontu
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past (preposition)
(beyond in position) = dopo/oltre (beyond in number) = oltre He is past the retirement age for his company. past
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passare davanti (by foot) a qualcuno/qualcosa
to walk past s/st They walked past me without speaking if someone says they 'walked past,' they are saying they walked beyond a specific point
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farina
flour (flaua)
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la farina è sulla sinistra, nel mezzo dello scaffale/mensola, tra lo zucchero e le uova
The flour is on the left, in the middle of the shelf, between the sugar and the eggs
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sullo scaffale in cima/in basso/nel mezzo/a sinistra/destra
on the top/bottom/middle/left/right shelf
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il pesce nel piatto
the fish on the plate
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pond patio
pond stagno/laghetto patio (plural = patios) (patiou) an area outside a house with a solid floor but no roof, used in good weather for relaxing, eating, etc.: (incementato/cortile)
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Lisa si è sposata a 21 anni
Lisa got married at 21 / at the age of 21
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di chi è quel dipinto ?
Who is that painting by ?
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chilometro
kilometre (kil@miit@)
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interested
intrestid
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scared
ske@d
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belong
bilong
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talk
took
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email
iimeil
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depend
dipend
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similar to a living room, but more old-fashioned and for guests than for family
sitting room
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on time vs in time
on time = according to a schedule or deadline in time = not too late to be successful or achieve your goal Ex. my train was late but It still arrived in time for me to get to work early
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Mi dispiace, ma non ho tempo per parlare con te ora
I'm sorry, but I don't have time to talk to you now
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shout
shaut a) to speak with a very loud voice, often as loud as possible, usually when you want to make yourself heard in noisy situations, or when the person you are talking to is a long way away or cannot hear very well: There's no need to shout, I can hear you. b) to express strong emotions, such as anger, fear, or excitement, or to express strong opinions, in a loud voice: shout at someone = Dad really shouted at me when I broke the window. shout at s to do st = I shouted at him to put the gun down. c) to try to attract attention in a loud voice: shout for st = I heard them shouting for help, but there was nothing I could do. figurative: It's the charities that shout loudest (= attract the most public attention) that often get given the most money.
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reserve
riz@@v
288
carry
kari
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quello è stato un errore da parte mia
That was a mistake on my part
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(device for heating a room) = calorifero, radiatore, termosifone, stufa
heater (hiit@)
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(cooking appliance) (per cucinare) = fornelli, fuochi stufa (heating appliance)
stove (stouv)
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(heater for hot water) = scaldabagno elettrico (generico, riscaldamento) = caldaia
boiler (boil@)
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errand
er@nd (task outside home, office) = commissione, impegno
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Sono passati 30 giorni dall'ultima volta che abbiamo parlato
30 days have gone by since we last spoke It has been 30 days since the last time we spoke
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parla più fore vai più lentamente
speak more loudly go more slowly
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fare fare a qualcuno un tour di un posto
a) to take someone on a tour of a place b) to show someone round/around
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Ci sono 3 chilometri dalla nostra casa al centro città
It's 3 kilometres from our house to the city centre
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have to -----> passato negativo
didn't have to
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Non ho un'auto, ma mia sorella la ha
I haven't got any car, but my sister has
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there are four umbrellas, here X is yours ?
which is yours ? which one is yours ?
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"Why did Tim go to bed so early?" - ha detto/mi ha detto che era stanco
he said he was tired he said that he was tired he told me he was tired
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andiamo a fare una nuotata !
Let's go for a swim Let's go swimming
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non ho letto nessuno di questi libri
I haven't read either of these books
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mi piacciono entrambe queste foto
I like both these pictures I like bot of these pictures
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hanno un po' di soldi
they have a little money
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nessuno dei mie genitori è britannico non ho letto nessuno di questi libri
Neither of my parents is British I haven't read either of these books
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quando "of" nei quantificatori è opzionale ?
all or both (except with them, it, us etc.) for. ex I like both of those pictures = I like both those pictures All the students in our class passed the exam = All of the students in our class passed the exam All her life = all of her life
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little vs few
uncountable (always singular) vs countable (plurals)
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like vs as
a) As + noun means ‘in the role of’ - like + noun means ‘similar to’ or ‘in the same way as’. As your father, I’ll help you as much as I can. (The speaker is the listener’s father.) Like your father, I’ll help you as much as I can. (The speaker is not the father but wishes to act in a similar way to the father.) b) We use like (but not as) to compare two things: She’s got a headache like me. When we compare appearance or behaviour, we use like, not as: That house looks like a castle. c) As is commonly used to talk about jobs: He worked for a long time as a teacher in Africa. d) The conjunctions as and like have the same meaning when used in comparisons. Like is a little more informal. Nobody understands him as I do. Nobody understands him like I do.
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It's the same (x) yesterday
It's the same as yesterday
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I'm......out a) too tired for go b) too much tired for going c) too tired to go d) too much tired to go
too tired to go
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I always have breakfast before (andare al lavoro)
before I go to work before going to work
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what's the largest city in the world or of the world ?
in the world
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scrivi il tuo nome in cima alla pagina
write your name at the top of the page
315
before/after --> verb following
present simple --> before/after I go out ing-form = before/after going out
316
verb following --> present simple (time conjunctions)
before/after/while/until/as soon as/If = with future meaning = present simple When I get home this evening, I'm going to have a shower Please, close the windows before you go out
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enough/too structures a) queste scarpe sono troppo grandi per me a) questo pullover (ova(r)) non è abbastanza grande per me b) sono troppo stanco per andare fuori b) non ho abbastanza soldi per comprare un'auto nuova c) non ci sono abbastanza sedie per tutti potersi sedere c) lei parla troppo veloce perché io la capisca
enough/too for s/st a) these shoes are too big for me a) This pullover isn't big enough for me enough/too to do st b) I'm too tired to go out b) I don't have enough money to buy a new car enough/too for s/st to do st c) She speaks too fast for me to understand c) There aren't enough chairs for everybody to sit down
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pre re - preriscaldare
prii rii hyphen (haif@n) pre-heat
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pleasant
plez@nt a) enjoyable, attractive, friendly, or easy to like: a pleasant climate/smile/person a pleasant day/surprise passive = Harold did his best to be pleasant to the old man. It was pleasant to sit down after standing for hours.
320
half-time
sport(break at mid point) = intervallo
321
nerve
n@@v a) nervo b) the courage or confidence necessary to do something difficult, unpleasant, or rude: It takes a lot of nerve to be a bomb disposal expert. lose your nerve = I wanted to ask her out, but I lost my nerve and couldn't go through with it. c) the rudeness to do something that you know will upset other people: [ + to infinitive ] She's late for work every day, but she still has the nerve to lecture me about punctuality. d) worry or anxiety about something that is going to happen: I never suffer from nerves when I'm speaking in public. e) to annoy someone a lot: We really got on each other's nerves when we were living together. f) the ability to be calm in difficult situations: You need a cool head and steady nerves for this job
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Test anxiety
pre-exams nerves
323
sand instructor
sand instrakt@
324
hopeful
= optimistic a) having hope: hopeful about = He was hopeful about the outcome of the meeting. hopeful of = They were hopeful of a successful agreement. hopeful (that) = I'm hopeful (that) we can reach a compromise. b) giving hope: The green shoots were hopeful signs of spring.
325
lose vs loose (pronunciation)
lose = luuz loose = luus a) not firmly held or fastened in place: There were some loose wires hanging out of the wall. b) Loose hair is not tied back: hang loose = Her hair was hanging loose to her shoulders. c) (of clothes) not fitting closely to the body d) not tightly controlled, or not exact: It's a fairly loose adaptation of the novel.
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control
K@ntr@ul verb = to order, limit, or rule something, or someone's actions or behaviour: If you can't control your dog, put it on a lead! noun = the act of controlling something or someone, or the power to do this: A) control over = She doesn't have any control over that child - it's embarrassing. B) impose controls on = He wants the government to impose strict controls on dog ownership. C) take control of = The dictator took control of the country in 1933. D) lose control of = He felt he was losing control of events. E) in control of = You need to stay in control of your emotions. F) go out of control = The car skidded and went out of control, crashing into an oncoming truck. G) out of/beyond/outside someone’s control = There was nothing we could do about it - the situation was out of/beyond/outside our control. H) crowd control = She criticized the police's methods of crowd control.
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No (n@u) - not - non-
a) non- Non- is not a word, but a part of another word, usually a descriptive adjective: non-lethal, non-professional, non-native, non-technical, non-playing b) 1) We use no before a noun phrase: There’s no address on the envelope. No biscuits before dinner! No decisions have been made. 2) No problem, no good, not worth We use no and not in some common fixed expressions: A: When you see Alan, can you give him this letter? B: Yes sure, no problem. She had no idea what time they were arriving. It’s no good standing around watching. Do something! You’ve got no chance of getting a ticket now. They’re all sold out. It’s not worth taking a taxi. We can walk. It’s no secret that we are interested. (= It’s not a secret) c) We use not with any other phrase or clause: It’s not often that you stop and think about the way you breathe. Not suitable for children under 15. Not surprisingly, it was a tense match but eventually the more experienced Australians won. A: Do you go cycling all year round? B: Not in the winter.
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who (huu) vs whom (huum) vs whose (huuz)
Who—subject pronoun: Who threw the ball? Whom—object pronoun: You threw the ball to whom? Whose—possessive pronoun: Whose ball is this? Who and Whom relates to the unknown person’s relationship to the verb. * If you don’t know the person DOING the action (like actually throwing the ball)—Who * If you don’t know the person RECEIVING the action (the person the ball is being thrown towards)—Whom If it is a question of ownership—Whose To whom did you address the letter? o Did you address the letter to him? * Whom did you invite to the party? o Did you invite him to the party? Who addressed the letter? o He addressed the letter. * Who invited you to the party? o He invited me to the party.
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who vs whom vs whose exercise Complete the following sentences with who, whom, or whose. 1. The man ___________ has two dogs usually goes to the park during the evening. 2. My mother, for __________ I baked a cake, had her birthday party yesterday. 3. My sister, __________ son is two, works at the hospital. 4. My friend, with __________ I live, wants a cat. 5. The people __________ live there have a boat. 6. That is the lady __________ sculpture I bought. 7. My grandma, __________ is an excellent cook, made dinner. 8. To __________ should I address the letter? 9. The students __________ read the book gave a nice presentation. 10.__________ jacket is on the floor?
1. The man who has two dogs usually goes to the park during the evening. 2. My mother, for whom I baked a cake, had her birthday party yesterday. 3. My sister, whose son is two, works at the hospital. 4. My friend, with whom I live, wants a cat. 5. The people who live there have a boat. 6. That is the lady whose sculpture I bought. 7. My grandma, who is an excellent cook, made dinner. 8. To whom should I address the letter? 9. The students who read the book gave a nice presentation. 10.Whose jacket is on the floor?