Volume 3

Question 1

What is the difference between the Department of Defense (DOD) and Air Force (AF) assessment models?

Answer 1

The AF model is an “iterative” approach.

Question 2

Which phrase most accurately describes the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) exposure model?

Answer 2

The AIHA model strives for continuous improvement.

Question 3

According to the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA), to be considered random

Answer 3

achieve equal probability of selecting an exposure period for any worker in the similar exposure group (SEG) during the assessment.

Question 4

What do you do if there is not an established occupational exposure limit (OEL) for a collected sample?

Answer 4

Use available data to establish a working OEL.

Question 5

What type of occupational exposure limit (OEL) is set and enforced by governmental agencies?

Answer 5

Regulatory.

Question 6

A 15-minute time weighted average (TWA) exposure limit designed to limit exposures to substances that could be harmful due to short exposures is known as a

Answer 6

short-term Exposure Limit (STEL).

Question 7

What type of sampling involves collecting a sample from one location over a period of time?

Answer 7

Integrated.

Question 8

Composite sampling is primarily used when sampling

Answer 8

soil.

Question 9

What type of sampling is being conducted if a technician is using a Hazardous Air Pollutants on Site (HAPSITE) to sample at a selected time?

Answer 9

Grab.

Question 10

Sample holding times, preservatives, and collection tool hygiene are things that a technician should be aware of when conducting which type of sampling?

Answer 10

Grab.

Question 11

Three pieces of information used to create a sampling strategy framework are

Answer 11

workforce size, sampling accuracy, and measurement method.

Question 12

When developing an occupational exposure strategy, the purpose of evaluating existing controls is to

Answer 12

determine if they are effective.

Question 13

When determining the analytical method for sampling, it important to contact the appropriate lab you will be using to

Answer 13

ensure compatibility of measurement methods.

Question 14

You are developing a conceptual site model (CSM) to identify type(s) of data needed. Which step of the data quality objectives (DQO) process is being conducted?

Answer 14

Step 1-State the problem.

Question 15

What is the decision rule?

Answer 15

If, then, else.

Question 16

What is the definition of quality control?

Answer 16

The steps to be taken to determine the validity of specific sampling and analytical procedures.

Question 17

The quality of sample data collected depends primarily on the

Answer 17

quality of the sample.

Question 18

Chain of custody means that the possession of samples

Answer 18

must be traceable from collection through analysis.`

Question 19

Developing your flight’s environmental sampling, analysis, and monitoring plan is based on the

Answer 19

regulatory requirements for your drinking water system.

Question 20

Include field blanks along with the liquid samples you send to the laboratory because they

Answer 20

check for cross-contamination while handling samples.

Question 21

Your bioenvironmental engineering (BE) has informed you that you need to collect a water sample that characterizes the water quality at the dining hall at 0900. Which type of sample do you need to collect?

Answer 21

Grab.

Question 22

If you need to determine the residual chlorine content in a drinking water sampling, which piece of equipment would you use?

Answer 22

Color comparator.

Question 23

What type of sampler is best suited to collecting a water sample at various levels from tanks, tank cars and drums?

Answer 23

Bacon bomb.

Question 24

Fluid transfer is best accomplished using a

Answer 24

plastic, polyethylene pasteur pipet.

Question 25

You have just received a new water test kit that you have never used before. What should you do before using the kit the first time?

Answer 25

Read manufacturer’s operating instructions.

Question 26

Which statement best describes how the calibration process works?

Answer 26

Compares equipment response against an accurate reference source

Question 27

When collecting drinking water samples, in what order should you collect them?

Answer 27

Metals, chemicals, microbiological.

Question 28

When sterilizing a water tap, what is the percentage of chlorine solution you should use and how long should the tap be immersed in the solution?

Answer 28

percent chlorine solution; 0.5 minutes.

Question 29

When collecting potable water samples for bacteriological analysis, you should adhere to all of the following guidelines except which one?

Answer 29

Always flush out the bottle before taking the sample.

Question 30

If you ship your bacteriological water samples to an approved laboratory, what is the maximum time between collection and examination?

Answer 30

24 hours.

Question 31

What is the first step you perform when taking a water sample for chlorine analysis?

Answer 31

Remove the faucet aerator.

Question 32

How is total combined chlorine (TCC) determined?

Answer 32

Subtracting the Free Available Chlorine (FAC) results from the Total Residual Chlorine (TRC) results.

Question 33

Drinking water with a high pH level (above 8.5) indicates to you the water

Answer 33

can cause aesthetic problems.

Question 34

What type of water/liquid do you use to calibrate the pH pen?

Answer 34

Buffer solution.

Question 35

What test do you use to obtain qualitative information on whether or not your water sample contains coliforms?

Answer 35

Presence/absence method.

Question 36

When should you take pH and chlorine measurements of the base swimming pool?

Answer 36

During the busiest time of the day.

Question 37

When is the only time you collect bacteriological samples of a hot tub and spa?

Answer 37

If an illness occurs as a result of someone using the hot tub or spa.

Question 38

What action should you take first if the bacteriological quality of the swimming pool water does not meet standards?

Answer 38

Collect repeat samples from the sections where you originally took samples.

Question 39

Why are proper collection protocol and preservation guidelines important elements of a quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) program?

Answer 39

These ensure water quality data is accurate and useful.

Question 40

In the liquid sampling quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) process, what is the difference between trip blanks and equipment blanks?

Answer 40

Trip blanks are provided by the laboratory.

Question 41

It is important to use a chain of custody form because it helps ensure sample integrity from

Answer 41

collection to data reporting.

Question 42

You should seal your liquid sample containers because it

Answer 42

helps detect unauthorized tampering of your samples.

Question 43

If any of your sampling equipment was contaminated it could cause

Answer 43

invalid sampling results.

Question 44

Why do you need to use caution when using reagents to decontaminate sample equipment?

Answer 44

Reagents can leave residue on the sampling equipment.

Question 45

Water sample result interpretation is conducted by

Answer 45

comparing results to a selected standard.

Question 46

Which is not a consideration when conducting water sample result interpretation?

Answer 46

Correct personnel assigned to task.

Question 47

Sampling results must be properly documented according to

Answer 47

the latest data management system.

Question 48

Which statement describes grab sampling?

Answer 48

Instantaneous sample to provide a quick estimate of air quality.

Question 49

Integrated sampling is also referred to as

Answer 49

Indirect reading or continuous monitoring.

Question 50

Which type of instrument is best suited for determining a life threatening oxygen deficient environment?

Answer 50

Oxygen monitors.

Question 51

What type of device is capable of separating mixtures of chemicals into individual components?

Answer 51

Gas Chromatographs.

Question 52

What is a common device used for collecting air samples for laboratory analysis?

Answer 52

Active sampling pumps.

Question 53

Which is an example of an adsorption device?

Answer 53

Sorbent tube.

Question 54

What are the most commonly used devices for particulate sampling?

Answer 54

Filters

Question 55

Which device allows separation of particles by size?

Answer 55

Cyclone.

Question 56

What is an air sample that is collected for 11 hours of a 12-hour shift?

Answer 56

Full-period single.

Question 57

Although the true limits are not to be exceeded, which can be a single sample or a series of consecutive samples totaling 15 minutes?

Answer 57

Ceiling.

Question 58

When sampling for vapors, minimum and maximum flow rates are used with a solid sorbent tube to ensure

Answer 58

the contaminant will be in contact with collection media long enough to be captured.

Question 59

The recommended flow rate of an example chemical is 0.5 to 1.0 liters per minute (lpm). If you wanted to calculate the minimum amount of time you can sample and still meet the limit of detection, what flow rate would you use?

Answer 59

1.0 lpm.

Question 60

When determining the collection volume for an air sample, you would opt to collect less volume of air when

Answer 60

concentrations are expected to be high

Question 61

What item must be field checked but cannot be calibrated?

Answer 61

Hand-held sampling pump.

Question 62

When should gas and vapor meters be field calibrated?

Answer 62

Before and after use.

Question 63

When performing a detector tube system check, how many minutes should you wait after squeezing the pump to look for the end of stroke indicator?

Answer 63

15

Question 64

Why is a single “blank” run sufficient as an operational check for the HAPSITE®?

Answer 64

The HAPSITE® contains internal gas standards.

Question 65

When setting up the calibration train, you must assemble the sample pump, tubing, primary or secondary standard calibrator and

Answer 65

sample media.

Question 66

When performing post sampling calibration, if there is a change in the flow rate use the lowest flow rate for calculating the volume collected because

Answer 66

it is the most conservative.

Question 67

To ensure pumps will not be tampered with, who should you discuss the importance of air sampling with before placing your pumps in a fixed location?

Answer 67

Workplace supervisor.

Question 68

Blank samples are prepared and shipped along with air samples to

Answer 68

determine if any contamination occurred from the time the media was opened until the time it reached the laboratory.

Question 69

How do you prepare a blank?

Answer 69

Open and immediately seal the media in the work area.

Question 70

When collecting breathing zone air samples the flow rate changed since you began sampling. As a worst-case measure, which flow rate observed should be used to determine volume collected?

Answer 70

Lowest.

Question 71

The scheduled work week has changed to 8 hours per day/6 days a week. Which reduction factor formula should be used to determine the equivalent occupational exposure limit-time weighted average (OEL-TWA)?

Answer 71

Weekly.

Question 72

After determining the equivalent occupational exposure limit (OEL), you have to compare it to the sampling results based on the full exposure period. Using the Brief and Scala model, if the work shift was 10 hours a day, you divide the actual time you sampled by how much?

Answer 72

10

Question 73

In most cases when you receive air sampling results back from the laboratory you will need to calculate the time weighted average (TWA) and compare the results to the applicable occupational exposure limit (OEL). The laboratory results are in milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3); your OEL results are in part per million. In order to compare results, what must you convert your air sampling results to?

Answer 73

ppm

Question 74

After the results from mass/volume concentration air sampling are received you find the results are reported in grams. Before you can use the formula to determine mass/volume concentration, you will have to convert the results reported in grams into what measure?

Answer 74

milligrams (mg).

Question 75

Field volume refers to

Answer 75

volume under field conditions.

Question 76

If you are sampling at a site that is separated from your base, it is prudent to calibrate the air-sampling pump

Answer 76

at the site.

Question 77

If you sample for 7 hours of a 10-hour shift and can document that the worker is never exposed during the remaining three hours, you should calculate the time weighted average using which value?

Answer 77

10 hours.

Question 78

If you sample for 6 hours of an 8 hour shift and the worker stays in the area after sampling, you should calculate the time weighted average using which value?

Answer 78

6 hours.

Question 79

What must you calculate from the sampling and analytical error and your air sampling results to determine whether the time weighted average could be above the occupational exposure limit?

Answer 79

Upper confidence limit (UCL).

Question 80

Which would it be prudent to do if the time-weighted average (TWA) is already above the occupational exposure limit (OEL)?

Answer 80

Calculate the lower confidence limit (LCL).

Question 81

You should use a compliance factor to consider the effects of exposure to xylene, methyl chloride, and perchloroethylene because the chemicals

Answer 81

attack the same organ in the same way.

Question 82

If air sampling showed that a worker is exposed to concentrations of 35 ppm xylene (occupational exposure limit (OEL), 100 ppm), 20 ppm methyl chloride (OEL, 50 ppm), and 25 ppm perchloroethylene (OEL, 50 ppm) and these chemicals have a similar toxicological effect what would be their total atmospheric concentration?

Answer 82

80 ppm. | 35ppm+20ppm+25ppm=80ppm

Question 83

When considering additive effects of chemicals, the occupational exposure limit (OEL) is exceeded if the compliance factor is which of the following?

Answer 83

Greater than one.

Question 84

Using the provided concentrations 20 parts per million (ppm) xylene (occupational exposure limit (OEL), 100 ppm), 20 ppm methyl chloride (OEL, 50 ppm), and 20 ppm perchloroethylene (OEL, 50 ppm), what is the unity for the compliance factor?

Answer 84

1.0 | =20/100+20/50+20/50 =0.2+0.4+0.4 =1

Question 85

Remediation sampling is conducted to determine

Answer 85

if any contamination exists after a cleanup process.

Question 86

What is an important factor to consider when developing a sampling methodology?

Answer 86

Where to sample.

Question 87

What are the two types of augers?

Answer 87

Bucket and screw.

Question 88

Which sampling device has a major limitation of not being capable of penetrating stony or rocky soil?

Answer 88

Veihmeyer tube sampler.

Question 89

If a soil sample is mixed or blended to create an even distribution of the contamination that is in the soil, what type of sample has been collected?

Answer 89

Homogenized.

Question 90

Which type of sampling strategy should be used when there is minimal site background information available and there are no visible signs of contamination?

Answer 90

Simple random.

Question 91

What type of sampling strategy would be used to investigate large sites that encompass a number of soil types, topographical features, or land uses?

Answer 91

Stratified random.

Question 92

What type of grid pattern increases the efficiency of hot spot soil sampling?

Answer 92

Triangular.

Question 93

It is important to know how a contaminant interacts within the soil because it

Answer 93

Lets you know how deep and how far out from the contamination area to sample.

Question 94

Which type of sample can be used to determine if a particle size is related to contaminant distribution?

Answer 94

Sieving.

Question 95

What is the major concern when sampling for volatile organic compounds?

Answer 95

Minimizing air contact and loss of vapors with the soil sample.

Question 96

What field analysis device is best used to verify presence or absence?

Answer 96

Hazardous material (HAZMAT) identification (ID).

Question 97

What field analysis device can be used to sample for metals?

Answer 97

X-ray fluorescence (XRF).

Question 98

The advantage of collecting soil gas samples in the field is it will

Answer 98

indicate if there are any volatile organic compounds in the soil.

Question 99

After sampling results have been obtained, how are they interpreted?

Answer 99

They are compared to the selected occupational exposure limit (OEL).

Question 100

Which of these is not a consideration when comparing analysis results to a standard?

Answer 100

Ensure all individuals potentially affected are listed in supportive documentation.